芒果视频下载

基本介紹

明城(cheng)(cheng)墻遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)公園屬(shu)于(yu)古建筑遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)類型(xing)的景區，其中城(cheng)(cheng)墻遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)及城(cheng)(cheng)東南角(jiao)(jiao)樓占地3.3公頃(qing)，綠(lv)地面積12.2公頃(qing)。歷史上明城(cheng)(cheng)墻全長(chang)40公里(li)，始建于(yu)明永樂17年(nian)（公元1419年(nian)），距今已有(you)580多年(nian)的歷史。現(xian)存崇文門至城(cheng)(cheng)東南角(jiao)(jiao)樓的城(cheng)(cheng)墻遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)全長(chang)1.5公里(li)，是(shi)僅存的一(yi)段，也是(shi)北(bei)京(jing)(jing)城(cheng)(cheng)的標(biao)志。公園外圍是(shi)一(yi)片(pian)沿200米長(chang)的帶狀公共綠(lv)地，根據不同功能可分(fen)為老(lao)北(bei)京(jing)(jing)南城(cheng)(cheng)根文化(hua)區、現(xian)代雕塑(su)公園、東便門角(jiao)(jiao)樓市民休閑區、城(cheng)(cheng)樓遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)公園紀(ji)念林、北(bei)京(jing)(jing)火車(che)站(zhan)南出口及廣(guang)場等五(wu)個部分(fen)。城(cheng)(cheng)墻北(bei)側(ce)(ce)將形(xing)成封閉的郁郁蔥(cong)(cong)蔥(cong)(cong)的綠(lv)化(hua)帶，而城(cheng)(cheng)墻南側(ce)(ce)園路的線形(xing)、植(zhi)物的配置(zhi)都力求簡潔(jie)大方。

景點景觀

東南角樓

角(jiao)(jiao)樓為(wei)明、清兩(liang)代北(bei)京內城東南轉角(jiao)(jiao)處(chu)的箭樓，簡稱角(jiao)(jiao)樓。原(yuan)北(bei)京有內外城之分，內城建筑(zhu)較早，為(wei)明朝在(zai)元大都的基(ji)礎上改建的。角(jiao)(jiao)樓始建于(yu)明正統元年十月（1436年），距今已有500余年歷史。東南角(jiao)(jiao)樓是全國僅存的規模最大的城垣轉角(jiao)(jiao)角(jiao)(jiao)樓，是全國重點文物(wu)保護(hu)單位。

墩臺

城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)上面突出來得(de)部(bu)分叫墩(dun)臺。墩(dun)臺亦(yi)稱“馬面”，是城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)建筑的(de)一部(bu)分。崇(chong)文門至角樓一線的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)有(you)墩(dun)臺12座，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣外壁(bi)每隔(ge)大約80米(mi)就建有(you)一座。是增強(qiang)防御能(neng)力，以消(xiao)滅進(jin)入城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)死角內的(de)敵人(ren)。其中(zhong)，位于公園中(zhong)部(bu)的(de)一座墩(dun)臺長39米(mi)，可(ke)謂京城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之最。

京奉鐵路信號所

京奉鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)信號所(suo)是1901年(nian)與前門火車站同年(nian)由(you)英(ying)國鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)"金達"設計建造的。是北京到遼寧的第一座信號所(suo)，至今已(yi)逾100年(nian)了。京奉鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)信號所(suo)是在明城墻(qiang)遺(yi)址公園修建過程(cheng)中發(fa)現(xian)(xian)的。它的發(fa)現(xian)(xian)對于研究中國鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)交通史(shi)很有價值(zhi)。

國槐

在明城(cheng)墻腳下，有很多的(de)(de)古樹，其中以國槐(huai)居多。古老的(de)(de)城(cheng)墻，參天的(de)(de)古樹，一幅絕美的(de)(de)畫卷展(zhan)現在游人(ren)面(mian)前(qian)，令人(ren)心怡(yi)神曠！

交通指南

公交線路

乘特(te)2、25路、29路、39路、43路、44路、59路、434路、713路、820路至東便門站下

地鐵

地鐵2號線，建國門(men)站或者北(bei)京站下(xia)。

遺跡保留

明(ming)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)只(zhi)保留正(zheng)陽(yang)門、正(zheng)陽(yang)門箭(jian)樓(lou)(lou)、德勝(sheng)門箭(jian)樓(lou)(lou)、東(dong)南城(cheng)(cheng)角(jiao)(jiao)樓(lou)(lou)、內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)南城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)和西(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)殘段。明(ming)代北(bei)(bei)京(jing)內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)前身是元(yuan)大(da)都城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)。元(yuan)大(da)都城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)周長(chang)60里，設城(cheng)(cheng)門ll座，城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)全部是板筑夯(hang)土墻(qiang)，高(gao)12米，寬(kuan)31米。明(ming)洪(hong)武(wu)元(yuan)年(1368)，徐達(da)在修(xiu)整元(yuan)北(bei)(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)同(tong)時，在距(ju)北(bei)(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)南3公里的(de)(de)地方，加修(xiu)了一道新的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)，新建北(bei)(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)西(xi)端正(zheng)值長(chang)河的(de)(de)河床，故(gu)將城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)改道，自德勝(sheng)門以(yi)西(xi)起，城(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)即向南偏斜(xie)。造成北(bei)(bei)京(jing)內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)缺一角(jiao)(jiao)。

新建的(de)(de)北(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻較內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其他三(san)面(mian)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)高且寬，高4丈多，頂寬5丈，而其他三(san)面(mian)則(ze)高3丈余，頂闊2丈。南城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)在(zai)東、西長安街一線上，永樂十七年(nian)(1419)，因修皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)營建大內，為(wei)把五府六部(bu)都擺在(zai)皇城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)前面(mian)，便將(jiang)南城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)向南拓展(zhan)約O．8公里，即今天的(de)(de)南二環路。明正統元年(nian)(1436)修筑了(le)(le)九門(men)(men)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)(lou)。經過修整過的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)，不(bu)僅(jin)建筑了(le)(le)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)(lou)，門(men)(men)外還(huan)設(she)立了(le)(le)箭樓(lou)(lou)、甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，并(bing)在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)四角(jiao)(jiao)設(she)立了(le)(le)角(jiao)(jiao)樓(lou)(lou)。除(chu)(chu)正陽門(men)(men)箭樓(lou)(lou)設(she)門(men)(men)外，其余均不(bu)設(she)門(men)(men)。除(chu)(chu)正陽門(men)(men)甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)辟門(men)(men)兩座(zuo)外，均于甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內側辟門(men)(men)一座(zuo)。此外，又把護城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壕加(jia)深，有些地方還(huan)用(yong)磚石壘砌(qi)。九門(men)(men)的(de)(de)外面(mian)，原來是(shi)木橋(qiao)通(tong)渡，全部(bu)改成石橋(qiao)，并(bing)設(she)立了(le)(le)水閘(zha)。為(wei)加(jia)固城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)，從(cong)洪武(wu)年(nian)間(jian)起就在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)外壁(bi)加(jia)一層城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)磚。這項工程，一直(zhi)延續到(dao)正統年(nian)間(jian)，才將(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)內外壁(bi)全部(bu)用(yong)磚包砌(qi)。