蓮子的種類

蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，是(shi)睡蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)科水生草本植物蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。又稱蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)實、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)米(mi)、蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)肉。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以湘蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)為優，湘蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)歷(li)來(lai)作為進貢朝(chao)廷的(de)珍品，故又稱“貢蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)”。蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)包括紅(hong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、白(bai)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、石(shi)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)三(san)種(zhong)(zhong)。石(shi)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)指(zhi)成熟甚至陷于(yu)(yu)淤泥的(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)蓬剝下(xia)來(lai)或自(zi)然掉(diao)下(xia)來(lai)的(de)帶黑色(se)外種(zhong)(zhong)皮(pi)(pi)的(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。紅(hong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)指(zhi)除(chu)去(qu)(qu)外種(zhong)(zhong)皮(pi)(pi)的(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，一(yi)般分為去(qu)(qu)芯(xin)和不(bu)去(qu)(qu)芯(xin)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)，白(bai)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)指(zhi)去(qu)(qu)掉(diao)內種(zhong)(zhong)皮(pi)(pi)的(de)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，也分去(qu)(qu)芯(xin)不(bu)去(qu)(qu)芯(xin)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)。幾種(zhong)(zhong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)功效基(ji)本相同但(dan)使用(yong)上略有區別(bie)：紅(hong)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)帶紅(hong)色(se)外皮(pi)(pi)，一(yi)般用(yong)于(yu)(yu)養心安神的(de)比(bi)較多，白(bai)蓮(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)白(bai)，一(yi)般用(yong)于(yu)(yu)潤(run)肺健脾的(de)多。

蓮子的功效與作用

1、清心、祛斑(ban)：帶心蓮子能清心火，祛除雀(que)斑(ban)，然不可久煎。

2、防(fang)癌(ai)(ai)抗(kang)(kang)癌(ai)(ai)：蓮(lian)子善于(yu)補五臟不(bu)足(zu)，通利十二經脈氣血(xue)，使氣血(xue)暢(chang)而不(bu)腐，蓮(lian)子所含(han)氧化黃心樹寧堿對(dui)鼻咽癌(ai)(ai)有(you)抑制作用，這一切，構(gou)成了蓮(lian)子的防(fang)癌(ai)(ai)抗(kang)(kang)癌(ai)(ai)的營(ying)養保健功(gong)能。

3、強心安神：蓮子芯所含生物堿具(ju)有(you)(you)顯(xian)著的(de)強心作(zuo)用，蓮芯堿則有(you)(you)較強抗鈣及抗心律不齊(qi)的(de)作(zuo)用。

蓮子的食用方法

1、 脾益(yi)胃散(san)：蓮子肉、芡(qian)實(shi)、扁豆、薏苡仁(ren)、山藥、白術(shu)、茯苓(ling)各120克(ke)(ke)，人參(can)(can)15克(ke)(ke)(或黨參(can)(can)60克(ke)(ke))。共炒研末。臨(lin)用時可加適量(liang)白糖(tang)。每次(ci)用15~30克(ke)(ke)，以溫開(kai)水沖調(diao)服。

2、 蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)百(bai)合麥(mai)冬(dong)湯：蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)15克(帶心)，百(bai)合30克，麥(mai)門冬(dong)12克。加(jia)水煎服。

3、 蓮肉糕：蓮子肉、糯(nuo)米(或大米)各200g，炒香(xiang);茯苓(ling)100g(去皮(pi))。共研為細末，白糖適量，一同攔勻，加水使之成(cheng)泥狀，蒸熟，待(dai)冷后壓平切塊即成(cheng)。

源于(yu)《士(shi)材三書》。茯(fu)苓為補(bu)脾利濕藥，與蓮(lian)子肉、糯米(mi)同(tong)蒸糕食，則(ze)補(bu)脾益胃之(zhi)功尤著(zhu)。用(yong)于(yu)脾胃虛弱，飲食不(bu)化，大便稀溏等(deng)。

4、紅棗(zao)銀(yin)耳(er)蓮(lian)子湯(tang)：紅棗(zao)100克，白木耳(er)50克，蓮(lian)子100克，紅糖適量。將紅棗(zao)、白木耳(er)、蓮(lian)子洗凈(jing)后泡水。鍋中加適量的水，放入3種材料(liao)，煮(zhu)熟后，加糖調味。

本方用帶心蓮子(zi)以(yi)清(qing)心寧神(shen)，百合、麥門冬亦有清(qing)心寧神(shen)之效。用于病后余熱(re)未(wei)盡，心陰(yin)不(bu)足，心煩口(kou)干，心悸不(bu)眠等。

5、蜜汁(zhi)紅(hong)蓮(lian)：是將蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)與紅(hong)棗先用文(wen)火燉(dun)1小(xiao)時，再加(jia)入白糖(tang)、豬板(ban)油，文(wen)火燜至(zhi)汁(zhi)干食用。配(pei)上(shang)銀耳(er)可調制成蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)銀耳(er)湯;配(pei)上(shang)人參和適量冰糖(tang)隔水(shui)蒸燉(dun)，為(wei)蓮(lian)肉人參湯;配(pei)上(shang)桂圓再加(jia)紅(hong)棗、糯米共煮，可熬成蓮(lian)子(zi)(zi)桂圓湯。

6、蓮(lian)(lian)子紅棗湯：蓮(lian)(lian)藕兩大截去皮切塊洗凈瀝(li)干;紅棗4兩、蓮(lian)(lian)子2兩用水浸泡至(zhi)(zhi)軟后撈起;將藕塊和紅棗、蓮(lian)(lian)子加冰糖適量水煮1個半(ban)小(xiao)時，至(zhi)(zhi)食材軟透(tou)。

7、蓮子粥(zhou)：蓮子20克發脹后，在(zai)水中(zhong)用刷把擦(ca)去表層(ceng)，抽去蓮心沖洗干凈(jing)后放入鍋(guo)內，加清(qing)水在(zai)火上煮爛熟(shu)，備用。粳米(mi)100克同(tong)煮，淘洗干凈(jing)，放入鍋(guo)中(zhong)加清(qing)水煮成薄粥(zhou)，粥(zhou)熟(shu)后摻入蓮子，熟(shu)后加冰(bing)糖(tang)或白糖(tang)再稍燉既可食用。

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