加(jia)蟹小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)包(bao)(bao)是(shi)江蘇省常(chang)(chang)州(zhou)(zhou)地區特色傳統小(xiao)(xiao)吃,是(shi)常(chang)(chang)州(zhou)(zhou)小(xiao)(xiao)河沿浮橋南(nan)堍的萬華茶樓于清道(dao)光年間首(shou)創,每年中秋節(jie)前后,桂(gui)花盛開(kai)之際上(shang)市供(gong)應。加(jia)蟹小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)包(bao)(bao),原來叫加(jia)蟹小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)饅頭。(饅頭誕生時本無(wu)包(bao)(bao)子這一(yi)稱(cheng)(cheng)呼。宋朝開(kai)始北方人(ren)把有陷的饅頭叫做包(bao)(bao)子,而南(nan)方仍(reng)然一(yi)律(lv)稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)饅頭。如(ru)今隨著普通話的推廣(guang)南(nan)方也開(kai)始稱(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)子了。小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)饅頭誕生時,常(chang)(chang)州(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)仍(reng)無(wu)包(bao)(bao)子一(yi)說,故名(ming)為(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)饅頭;如(ru)今因為(wei)(wei)語言環境的變化,一(yi)般都稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)籠(long)包(bao)(bao)。
油黃(huang)金亮(liang),汁水(shui)汪汪,蟹香撲鼻(bi),鮮美濃郁,是人間美味。
1.將炒鍋置中(zhong)火上燒熱(re),放(fang)入熟(shu)豬油(you),燒至五成熱(re),倒入蟹(xie)黃,用鐵勺溜動,待香味(wei)溢出,油(you)呈金黃色時,再(zai)倒入蟹(xie)粉,15分鐘(zhong)后,起鍋裝在2只缽中(zhong),凝凍成蟹(xie)油(you)(2.1公斤)。
2.鍋內(nei)放清(qing)水(shui)3.5公斤(jin),將鮮豬(zhu)肉(rou)皮(pi)刮(gua)洗干凈,入鍋煮至五成熟,撈出(chu)并洗凈。撤去鍋內(nei)浮沫,放回肉(rou)皮(pi)煮至七成爛,撈出(chu),切(qie)成米粒狀,再(zai)(zai)入鍋,加(jia)食鹽、蔥(cong)結(25克(ke))、姜(jiang)塊(50克(ke))、紹酒(75克(ke))、綿白糖(50克(ke))、醬油(you)(125克(ke)),煮沸后撤去浮沫,再(zai)(zai)煮30分鐘成皮(pi)湯,撈去蔥(cong)、姜(jiang),起鍋盛(sheng)裝于缽(bo)內(nei),凝成皮(pi)凍(4.5公斤(jin))。
3.將豬(zhu)肉(rou)洗凈,切成米(mi)(mi)粒狀,放(fang)(fang)入盆內,加(jia)綿白糖(tang)(50克),紹(shao)酒(100克)、精(jing)鹽、味精(jing)和(he)剁成末的蔥、姜(各50克)拌勻。再將皮凍切成米(mi)(mi)粒狀,放(fang)(fang)入肉(rou)盆內,拌和(he)成餡(xian)(9公斤)。
4.將(jiang)(jiang)面粉(1公(gong)斤(jin))放(fang)入(ru)面缸,中間扒窩,把(ba)酵種撕碎放(fang)入(ru),用(yong)60℃熱(re)水400克揉(rou)(rou)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)面團(tuan),用(yong)刀劃開透氣,涼后仍(reng)揉(rou)(rou)合(he),蓋(gai)上一層布,發(fa)酵約4小時即成(cheng)(cheng)發(fa)面。另將(jiang)(jiang)面粉(3.3公(gong)斤(jin))和60℃熱(re)水1.3公(gong)斤(jin),揉(rou)(rou)合(he)成(cheng)(cheng)嫩面,略劃開透氣后仍(reng)揉(rou)(rou)合(he)。用(yong)熱(re)水100克將(jiang)(jiang)食堿(jian)(jian)溶化,然后將(jiang)(jiang)發(fa)面和嫩面分別蘸堿(jian)(jian)液(俗稱蘸堿(jian)(jian)法(fa)),反(fan)復使勁(jing)揉(rou)(rou)勻成(cheng)(cheng)面團(tuan)。
5.將(jiang)面(mian)團搓成(cheng)(cheng)長條,摘成(cheng)(cheng)600只(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)劑(每只(zhi)(zhi)重(zhong)10克),撒上(shang)撲面(mian)(300克),分別(bie)將(jiang)面(mian)劑撳(qin)成(cheng)(cheng)直徑(jing)5厘米,邊薄中厚的圓皮,包上(shang)餡(xian)心(15克),再加上(shang)蟹(xie)油(3.5克),逐只(zhi)(zhi)捏成(cheng)(cheng)16至18個花(hua)紋的小(xiao)包子(zi)。用刷子(zi)將(jiang)豆油分刷在50只(zhi)(zhi)小(xiao)籠(long)的底墊上(shang)(防粘(zhan)),每籠(long)裝12只(zhi)(zhi),然后上(shang)旺(wang)火沸水蒸(zheng)(zheng)鍋蒸(zheng)(zheng)約8分鐘即成(cheng)(cheng)。同時備姜絲(si)、香醋佐(zuo)食。