一.產品介紹
武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi),原(yuan)名(ming)廣(guang)(guang)濟縣(《廣(guang)(guang)濟縣志(zhi)(zhi)》第34頁(ye)(ye)(ye),地處(chu)長江中(zhong)游北(bei)岸,大(da)(da)(da)別山余脈南(nan)麓。武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)自古以(yi)來(lai)就有栽培(pei)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)歷史,清朝時就有文字記(ji)載(《清·廣(guang)(guang)濟縣志(zhi)(zhi)》第38頁(ye)(ye)(ye))。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)縣油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)達8500噸,居全(quan)省(sheng)各縣首位(《廣(guang)(guang)濟縣志(zhi)(zhi)》第30頁(ye)(ye)(ye))。從1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)始(shi)逐步推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai) “華雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)2號”、“華雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)3號”等品(pin)種(zhong)(《武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》第142頁(ye)(ye)(ye)、156頁(ye)(ye)(ye))。進入90年(nian)(nian)(nian)代,武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)種(zhong)植面積不斷擴大(da)(da)(da),被國(guo)(guo)家列(lie)(lie)為長江流域雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)開(kai)發示范(fan)(fan)區(《武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》第142頁(ye)(ye)(ye)),1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)種(zhong)植面積達26萬(wan)(wan)畝,平均單(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)191.2 kg,總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)44961噸(《武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》第149頁(ye)(ye)(ye))。1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)在湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)考核評(ping)比(bi)中(zhong)名(ming)列(lie)(lie)第一。1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)19日,原(yuan)國(guo)(guo)務院總(zong)理溫(wen)家寶同志(zhi)(zhi)來(lai)武(wu)(wu)穴視察,觀(guan)看了武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)金(jin)鎮大(da)(da)(da)金(jin)畈萬(wan)(wan)畝優質雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)示范(fan)(fan)基地,對(dui)武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)委、市(shi)(shi)政府(fu)大(da)(da)(da)力(li)發展雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業,著力(li)推(tui)進農(nong)村(cun)經濟發展的(de)經驗(yan)給予(yu)了高度的(de)肯定與贊揚(《武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》第7頁(ye)(ye)(ye))。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue),武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)被全(quan)國(guo)(guo)優質農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)服(fu)務中(zhong)心(xin)授予(yu)“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)大(da)(da)(da)市(shi)(shi)”的(de)稱(cheng)號。2006年(nian)(nian)(nian),武(wu)(wu)穴市(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)被農(nong)業部批準(zhun)(zhun)為全(quan)國(guo)(guo)綠色食(shi)品(pin)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)基地,創(chuang)建(jian)綠色食(shi)品(pin)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)示范(fan)(fan)基地16.3萬(wan)(wan)畝;2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)被湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)確定為綠色食(shi)品(pin)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)整縣推(tui)進示范(fan)(fan)縣市(shi)(shi),建(jian)設綠色食(shi)品(pin)原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)武(wu)(wu)穴雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)標準(zhun)(zhun)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)面積36萬(wan)(wan)畝,占(zhan)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)耕(geng)地面積的(de)80%以(yi)上。2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)被湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)政府(fu)命名(ming)為“油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)大(da)(da)(da)縣”,并榮獲“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)油(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)之(zhi)鄉”美譽。
二.自然生態(tai)環(huan)境和人(ren)文歷(li)史因素(su)
1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌情況:武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)處紅(hong)壤(rang)地(di)帶(dai)的北部邊緣,是紅(hong)壤(rang)向黃棕壤(rang)過渡地(di)區。據(ju)第二次土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)普查資料,武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市地(di)帶(dai)性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)黃棕壤(rang)和棕紅(hong)壤(rang),非地(di)帶(dai)性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)潮土(tu)(tu)(tu),石灰(巖(yan))土(tu)(tu)(tu),水(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)共5個(ge)(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)類(lei)、11個(ge)(ge)(ge)亞類(lei)、45個(ge)(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)屬、293個(ge)(ge)(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)種(zhong)(zhong),土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)以微酸性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)為(wei)主,適(shi)(shi)宜于多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)作(zuo)物的成(cheng)長。武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)境內土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)酸堿度適(shi)(shi)中,富(fu)含鋅、硼、鎂、鉬、鈣(gai)、硫、鐵等(deng)。由于土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚,含水(shui)適(shi)(shi)中,通氣性(xing)(xing)好,未受(shou)污染,吸熱快、放熱快、晝夜(ye)溫差大,有(you)利(li)于植物進行物質(zhi)積累(lei)。適(shi)(shi)于雙(shuang)低油菜(cai)及多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)作(zuo)物的生長。
2、水(shui)文情況:武穴南依長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang),全市流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積主屬長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)下(xia)游干(gan)流(liu)區(qu)華(hua)陽河(he)系(xi),源出北部低山和中部丘(qiu)陵的梅川水(shui)庫(ku)、荊竹水(shui)庫(ku)、大金水(shui)庫(ku)、戴文義、鐵(tie)石等河(he)注(zhu)入(ru)武山湖、太白湖匯集東流(liu)入(ru)華(hua)陽河(he),流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積共計953.2平方公(gong)里。其(qi)次屬長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)中游干(gan)流(liu)區(qu)蘄水(shui)河(he)系(xi),源出西北丘(qiu)陵的松陽、栗木、百園等山河(he),向西注(zhu)入(ru)蘄春(chun)赤東湖,流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積126.7平方公(gong)里。區(qu)域(yu)內地下(xia)水(shui)屬基巖裂隙(xi)水(shui),屬重碳酸鈉型和鈣鈉型極軟水(shui),硬度小于4度,適(shi)合(he)武穴雙低油菜生長(chang)需(xu)求。
3、氣(qi)(qi)候情況:武穴市位于(yu)北緯(wei)29°50′-30°13′,東經115°22′-115°49′,屬中緯(wei)度亞熱帶(dai)大(da)陸(lu)性(xing)濕(shi)(shi)潤季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候區。四季(ji)分明,熱量豐(feng)富,光照充(chong)(chong)足,雨量充(chong)(chong)沛(pei),氣(qi)(qi)候溫和濕(shi)(shi)潤。年(nian)均總日照時(shi)數為(wei)(wei)1913.5小時(shi),年(nian)均太陽(yang)輻射能(neng)106.799千(qian)卡/平(ping)方厘米,年(nian)平(ping)均降雨量1489.1毫米,年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫16.9℃,年(nian)平(ping)均地表溫度為(wei)(wei)18.6℃,全年(nian)無霜期320天(tian),為(wei)(wei)全省(sheng)一級光能(neng)區,是適宜于(yu)農、林、牧、漁全面發展的多宜地區。境內有(you)低(di)山、丘陵(ling)、湖泊、長江等(deng)屏障,為(wei)(wei)武穴雙(shuang)低(di)油菜的生產提(ti)供了優越的自然隔離條件,有(you)利于(yu)提(ti)高其產品品質。
三.地域范圍
包括武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市梅川(chuan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、余(yu)(yu)川(chuan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)金鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)法寺鎮(zhen)(zhen)、四(si)望(wang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、石佛寺鎮(zhen)(zhen)、花橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)、龍(long)坪鎮(zhen)(zhen)、武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)辦事處(chu)(chu)、刊江(jiang)(jiang)辦事處(chu)(chu)、田鎮(zhen)(zhen)辦事處(chu)(chu)、萬丈湖辦事處(chu)(chu)等12個雙低油菜(cai)(cai)種(zhong)植區域。武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市,原名廣(guang)濟縣,位于北(bei)緯29°50′-30°13′;東(dong)經(jing)115°22′-115°49′。地處(chu)(chu)長江(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)游北(bei)岸,大(da)別山(shan)(shan)余(yu)(yu)脈南(nan)麓,鄂東(dong)邊緣。東(dong)與(yu)黃(huang)梅縣毗鄰,西(xi)北(bei)與(yu)蘄春接(jie)壤,西(xi)南(nan)與(yu)陽新縣隔江(jiang)(jiang)相望(wang),南(nan)與(yu)江(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)省九(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)、瑞昌以長江(jiang)(jiang)為(wei)界。地扼(e)吳頭楚尾(wei),歷(li)來是鄂、皖(wan)、贛毗連地段(duan)(duan)的“三省七(qi)(qi)縣通(tong)衢(qu)”。早在(zai)明代(dai)就成(cheng)為(wei)臨江(jiang)(jiang)重(zhong)鎮(zhen)(zhen)。清初發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)為(wei)“商賈(jia)雜處(chu)(chu)鱗聚之(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)埠(bu)”,《煙臺(tai)條約》辟為(wei)外輪停泊港(gang)(gang)口、孫中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)先生(sheng)在(zai)《建(jian)(jian)國方略》中(zhong)(zhong)列入(ru)(ru)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa)計劃,民國中(zhong)(zhong)期成(cheng)為(wei)湖北(bei)省“七(qi)(qi)大(da)商埠(bu)”之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi),素(su)有“入(ru)(ru)楚第一(yi)門”、“鄂東(dong)門戶”之(zhi)(zhi)稱。如今(jin),隨著現代(dai)化建(jian)(jian)設進程的快速推進,武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)處(chu)(chu)于武(wu)漢8+1城市發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)圈(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)內(nei);處(chu)(chu)于黃(huang)山(shan)(shan)、天柱山(shan)(shan)、廬(lu)山(shan)(shan)大(da)旅游圈(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong);處(chu)(chu)于中(zhong)(zhong)國經(jing)濟梯度開(kai)(kai)發(fa)(fa),承東(dong)接(jie)西(xi)過渡區域之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong);是京(jing)九(jiu)大(da)動脈中(zhong)(zhong)段(duan)(duan)的重(zhong)要(yao)城市。全(quan)市版圖面(mian)積1200.35平方公里,占湖北(bei)省總(zong)面(mian)積的0.65%。地勢自北(bei)向(xiang)南(nan)傾斜,北(bei)部(bu)(bu)為(wei)大(da)別山(shan)(shan)余(yu)(yu)脈,中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)(bu)丘(qiu)陵起伏(fu)、湖港(gang)(gang)交錯,南(nan)部(bu)(bu)為(wei)帶狀長江(jiang)(jiang)沖積平原。雙低油菜(cai)(cai)常年(nian)(nian)種(zhong)植面(mian)積保持在(zai)43萬畝以上,年(nian)(nian)總(zong)產量超過7.5萬噸。
四(si).產品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質特性(xing)特征
1、外在感官特(te)征:武穴雙(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)薹(tai)為油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)主花序,長(chang)約(yue)15-20厘(li)米(mi),薹(tai)粗(cu)約(yue)1-1.5厘(li)米(mi),色(se)(se)(se)澤翠綠(lv),氣(qi)味(wei)清(qing)香,味(wei)甜,無傳(chuan)統(tong)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)薹(tai)的(de)(de)苦(ku)澀味(wei);武穴雙(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)呈(cheng)黑色(se)(se)(se)或(huo)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se),色(se)(se)(se)澤鮮(xian)亮,皮薄,籽(zi)(zi)粒(li)飽滿圓潤,大小(xiao)均勻整齊,千(qian)粒(li)重4.28克;以武穴雙(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)為原料經低溫壓榨加(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)毛油(you)(you)(you)呈(cheng)深褐(he)色(se)(se)(se),有濃郁的(de)(de)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)油(you)(you)(you)香味(wei)。經精加(jia)工(gong)后的(de)(de)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)油(you)(you)(you),呈(cheng)淺黃色(se)(se)(se),油(you)(you)(you)色(se)(se)(se)清(qing)亮,氣(qi)味(wei)清(qing)香;武穴雙(shuang)(shuang)低油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽(zi)(zi)餅粕呈(cheng)黃色(se)(se)(se)、淺褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)碎片或(huo)粗(cu)粉狀,具菜(cai)(cai)(cai)油(you)(you)(you)香味(wei),無發酵、霉(mei)變及異味(wei)。
、內在品質(zhi)指標:武(wu)穴雙低油(you)菜(cai)(cai)芥酸≤5%,硫甙(餅)≤35umol/g;以(yi)武(wu)穴雙低油(you)菜(cai)(cai)為原料經低溫壓(ya)榨的菜(cai)(cai)籽油(you)亞油(you)酸≥60%;不飽和脂肪酸總量≥90%;其(qi)加工(gong)副產品餅粕硫甙≤35umol/g、粗蛋白≥25%。
3、質量(liang)安全要求(qiu):武(wu)穴雙低油菜產地環境(jing)、產品質量(liang)符合NY/T391-2013《綠色食品產地環境(jing)技術條件(jian)》、 NY/T790-2004《雙低油菜生產技術規程(cheng)》的要求(qiu)。