一.產品介紹
武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)名廣(guang)濟縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(《廣(guang)濟縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)34頁,地(di)處長江(jiang)中(zhong)游北岸,大別山(shan)余脈南(nan)麓(lu)。武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自古以(yi)來(lai)就有栽培油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)歷史(shi),清朝(chao)時(shi)就有文字記載(zai)(《清·廣(guang)濟縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)38頁)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)籽產(chan)(chan)(chan)量達(da)8500噸(dun),居全(quan)省(sheng)各縣(xian)(xian)(xian)首位(《廣(guang)濟縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)30頁)。從1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)始逐(zhu)步(bu)推廣(guang)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai) “華雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)2號”、“華雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)3號”等品(pin)種(《武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)142頁、156頁)。進(jin)入90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代,武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)種植面積(ji)不斷擴大,被(bei)(bei)(bei)國(guo)家列為長江(jiang)流域雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)開(kai)發(fa)示范(fan)區(qu)(《武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)142頁),1995年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)種植面積(ji)達(da)26萬畝(mu),平均單(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)191.2 kg,總產(chan)(chan)(chan)44961噸(dun)(《武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)149頁)。1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在湖北省(sheng)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)考核評比中(zhong)名列第(di)一(yi)。1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1月19日(ri),原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)國(guo)務(wu)院總理(li)溫家寶同志(zhi)(zhi)來(lai)武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)視察,觀看了武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大金鎮(zhen)大金畈萬畝(mu)優質雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)示范(fan)基地(di),對武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)委、市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)府大力發(fa)展(zhan)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業,著力推進(jin)農(nong)村經濟發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)經驗給予(yu)了高度(du)的(de)(de)肯定與贊(zan)揚(《武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)7頁)。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)4月,武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)(bei)(bei)全(quan)國(guo)優質農(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)服務(wu)中(zhong)心授予(yu)“中(zhong)國(guo)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)大市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”的(de)(de)稱號。2006年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)被(bei)(bei)(bei)農(nong)業部批準為全(quan)國(guo)綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)標準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)基地(di),創建綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)標準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)示范(fan)基地(di)16.3萬畝(mu);2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)(bei)湖北省(sheng)確定為綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)標準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)整縣(xian)(xian)(xian)推進(jin)示范(fan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),建設綠色(se)(se)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)料武(wu)(wu)(wu)穴(xue)(xue)雙(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)(shuang)低(di)(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)標準化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)面積(ji)36萬畝(mu),占全(quan)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)耕地(di)面積(ji)的(de)(de)80%以(yi)上(shang)。2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)(bei)湖北省(sheng)政(zheng)府命名為“油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)大縣(xian)(xian)(xian)”,并榮獲“中(zhong)國(guo)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)之鄉”美譽。
二.自然生態環(huan)境和人文歷史因素
1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)貌情況:武(wu)穴(xue)處紅壤地(di)(di)帶(dai)的北(bei)部邊緣,是紅壤向(xiang)黃(huang)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)壤過渡地(di)(di)區。據第(di)二次土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤普查資料,武(wu)穴(xue)市地(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤有黃(huang)棕(zong)(zong)(zong)壤和棕(zong)(zong)(zong)紅壤,非(fei)地(di)(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤有潮土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),石(shi)灰(巖(yan))土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),水稻(dao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)共5個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類、11個亞類、45個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬、293個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)種(zhong),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤以(yi)微酸(suan)(suan)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤為主,適(shi)宜于(yu)(yu)(yu)多(duo)種(zhong)作物(wu)(wu)的成長(chang)。武(wu)穴(xue)境內土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤酸(suan)(suan)堿度適(shi)中,富(fu)含鋅、硼、鎂、鉬(mu)、鈣、硫、鐵(tie)等。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚,含水適(shi)中,通氣性(xing)好(hao),未受污染,吸熱(re)快、放(fang)熱(re)快、晝夜溫差大,有利于(yu)(yu)(yu)植物(wu)(wu)進行(xing)物(wu)(wu)質積(ji)累。適(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)雙低油菜及多(duo)種(zhong)作物(wu)(wu)的生長(chang)。
2、水(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況:武(wu)穴南(nan)依長(chang)江,全市流域(yu)面積(ji)主屬長(chang)江下游(you)干(gan)(gan)流區華(hua)陽河系(xi),源(yuan)出北部低山和中部丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)的梅川水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、荊竹水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、大金(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)、戴(dai)文(wen)義、鐵(tie)石等河注入武(wu)山湖(hu)、太白湖(hu)匯集東流入華(hua)陽河,流域(yu)面積(ji)共(gong)計953.2平(ping)方(fang)公里。其次屬長(chang)江中游(you)干(gan)(gan)流區蘄水(shui)(shui)(shui)河系(xi),源(yuan)出西北丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)的松陽、栗木、百園等山河,向西注入蘄春赤東湖(hu),流域(yu)面積(ji)126.7平(ping)方(fang)公里。區域(yu)內地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)屬基(ji)巖(yan)裂隙(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui),屬重碳酸鈉型和鈣鈉型極軟水(shui)(shui)(shui),硬度(du)小于4度(du),適合武(wu)穴雙(shuang)低油菜生長(chang)需求。
3、氣(qi)候(hou)情(qing)況:武穴市(shi)位于北緯29°50′-30°13′,東經115°22′-115°49′,屬中(zhong)緯度亞熱帶大陸性濕(shi)潤(run)季(ji)風氣(qi)候(hou)區。四季(ji)分明,熱量豐富(fu),光(guang)(guang)照充足(zu),雨量充沛,氣(qi)候(hou)溫和濕(shi)潤(run)。年(nian)均(jun)(jun)總(zong)日照時(shi)數(shu)為(wei)1913.5小時(shi),年(nian)均(jun)(jun)太陽輻射能(neng)(neng)106.799千卡/平方(fang)厘米,年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)降雨量1489.1毫(hao)米,年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)溫16.9℃,年(nian)平均(jun)(jun)地表溫度為(wei)18.6℃,全(quan)(quan)年(nian)無霜(shuang)期320天,為(wei)全(quan)(quan)省一級(ji)光(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)區,是適(shi)宜于農(nong)、林、牧、漁全(quan)(quan)面發展(zhan)的多宜地區。境內有(you)低山、丘陵、湖泊、長江(jiang)等屏障,為(wei)武穴雙(shuang)低油菜的生(sheng)產提供了(le)優越的自然隔離條件(jian),有(you)利于提高其產品品質。
三.地域范圍
包括(kuo)武(wu)(wu)穴市梅川鎮、余川鎮、大(da)金鎮、大(da)法寺(si)鎮、四(si)望鎮、石佛(fo)寺(si)鎮、花橋鎮、龍坪鎮、武(wu)(wu)穴辦事處(chu)、刊江(jiang)辦事處(chu)、田(tian)鎮辦事處(chu)、萬丈(zhang)湖辦事處(chu)等12個(ge)雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)菜種植區(qu)域。武(wu)(wu)穴市,原名(ming)廣濟縣,位于(yu)北(bei)(bei)緯29°50′-30°13′;東經115°22′-115°49′。地(di)(di)處(chu)長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)中(zhong)游北(bei)(bei)岸,大(da)別(bie)山(shan)(shan)(shan)余脈南(nan)(nan)麓,鄂(e)東邊緣(yuan)。東與(yu)黃梅縣毗鄰,西(xi)北(bei)(bei)與(yu)蘄春接(jie)壤,西(xi)南(nan)(nan)與(yu)陽新縣隔江(jiang)相望,南(nan)(nan)與(yu)江(jiang)西(xi)省(sheng)九江(jiang)、瑞昌(chang)以長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)為(wei)界。地(di)(di)扼吳頭楚(chu)尾,歷來是鄂(e)、皖、贛毗連(lian)地(di)(di)段(duan)的(de)“三省(sheng)七縣通衢”。早在(zai)明(ming)代就(jiu)成為(wei)臨江(jiang)重鎮。清初(chu)發展為(wei)“商(shang)賈雜處(chu)鱗聚之(zhi)要埠”,《煙臺條約》辟為(wei)外輪停泊(bo)港口、孫中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)先生在(zai)《建(jian)國(guo)方(fang)略》中(zhong)列入(ru)開(kai)發計劃,民國(guo)中(zhong)期成為(wei)湖北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)“七大(da)商(shang)埠”之(zhi)一(yi),素有“入(ru)楚(chu)第一(yi)門”、“鄂(e)東門戶”之(zhi)稱。如今,隨著(zhu)現(xian)代化建(jian)設進(jin)程的(de)快(kuai)速推(tui)進(jin),武(wu)(wu)穴處(chu)于(yu)武(wu)(wu)漢(han)8+1城市發展圈之(zhi)內;處(chu)于(yu)黃山(shan)(shan)(shan)、天柱山(shan)(shan)(shan)、廬(lu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)大(da)旅(lv)游圈之(zhi)中(zhong);處(chu)于(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)經濟梯度開(kai)發,承東接(jie)西(xi)過渡區(qu)域之(zhi)中(zhong);是京(jing)九大(da)動脈中(zhong)段(duan)的(de)重要城市。全市版圖面積(ji)1200.35平方(fang)公(gong)里,占(zhan)湖北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)總面積(ji)的(de)0.65%。地(di)(di)勢(shi)自北(bei)(bei)向南(nan)(nan)傾斜,北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)為(wei)大(da)別(bie)山(shan)(shan)(shan)余脈,中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)丘陵(ling)起(qi)伏、湖港交錯,南(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)為(wei)帶狀長(chang)(chang)江(jiang)沖積(ji)平原。雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)菜常年種植面積(ji)保持在(zai)43萬畝以上,年總產量超過7.5萬噸。
四.產(chan)品品質(zhi)特性(xing)特征
1、外在感官特(te)征(zheng):武穴(xue)雙(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)(you)(you)菜菜薹(tai)為油(you)(you)(you)(you)菜主花(hua)序,長約15-20厘(li)米,薹(tai)粗(cu)約1-1.5厘(li)米,色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)澤翠(cui)綠,氣味(wei)(wei)清香(xiang),味(wei)(wei)甜(tian),無傳統油(you)(you)(you)(you)菜薹(tai)的(de)(de)苦(ku)澀(se)味(wei)(wei);武穴(xue)雙(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)(you)(you)菜籽(zi)呈(cheng)黑色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)或褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)澤鮮亮(liang),皮(pi)薄,籽(zi)粒飽滿圓潤,大小(xiao)均勻整(zheng)齊,千(qian)粒重4.28克;以武穴(xue)雙(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)(you)(you)菜籽(zi)為原料經低(di)溫壓榨加工的(de)(de)毛油(you)(you)(you)(you)呈(cheng)深褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),有濃郁(yu)的(de)(de)菜籽(zi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)香(xiang)味(wei)(wei)。經精加工后的(de)(de)菜籽(zi)油(you)(you)(you)(you),呈(cheng)淺黃色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se),油(you)(you)(you)(you)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)清亮(liang),氣味(wei)(wei)清香(xiang);武穴(xue)雙(shuang)低(di)油(you)(you)(you)(you)菜籽(zi)餅粕呈(cheng)黃色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)、淺褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)(se)碎片或粗(cu)粉狀,具菜油(you)(you)(you)(you)香(xiang)味(wei)(wei),無發酵(jiao)、霉變及異味(wei)(wei)。
、內(nei)在品質指標:武穴(xue)雙(shuang)低(di)油菜芥酸(suan)≤5%,硫甙(餅(bing))≤35umol/g;以武穴(xue)雙(shuang)低(di)油菜為原料經低(di)溫壓榨的菜籽油亞油酸(suan)≥60%;不飽和(he)脂肪酸(suan)總量≥90%;其加工副產品餅(bing)粕硫甙≤35umol/g、粗蛋白(bai)≥25%。
3、質(zhi)量安(an)全要求:武穴雙低(di)油(you)(you)菜產(chan)(chan)(chan)地環境、產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量符合(he)NY/T391-2013《綠色食品(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地環境技術(shu)條(tiao)件》、 NY/T790-2004《雙低(di)油(you)(you)菜生產(chan)(chan)(chan)技術(shu)規(gui)程》的要求。