一.產品介紹
西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)于(yu)四(si)川(chuan)省南(nan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)市西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)生態環境(jing)良(liang)好(hao)(hao),產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)色(se)(se)鮮明,果(guo)樹栽(zai)培歷史悠(you)久,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)數(shu)量大(da)(da)、品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)好(hao)(hao),最(zui)(zui)具代(dai)表(biao)(biao)性(xing),是著名的(de)(de)柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)之鄉。《西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》(康熙24年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)版)“食貨志(zhi)”中(zhong)(zhong),即有(you)“柑(gan)(gan)、橘”的(de)(de)記載(zai);《西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(三(san))》記載(zai):“縣(xian)(xian)內栽(zai)植(zhi)柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)較(jiao)早...30年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)槐(huai)樹何文瀾在(zai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)禪寺建(jian)(jian)柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)園20畝,并從(cong)(cong)(cong)合川(chuan)聘(pin)兩名技術(shu)工(gong)人(ren)管理此園。” 建(jian)(jian)國(guo)(guo)后,西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)水(shui)果(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)特(te)(te)別是柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)取得(de)(de)長足發展。1964年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),建(jian)(jian)立500畝規模的(de)(de)青龍園藝場;1967年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),從(cong)(cong)(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)農(nong)科(ke)院柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)研究所(重慶)引進10余個柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)試栽(zai),以從(cong)(cong)(cong)羅伯(bo)遜臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)優變單(dan)株39號選出的(de)(de)青39(西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)前身)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)最(zui)(zui)佳,70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)后期(qi)送省展評(ping),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)評(ping)為(wei)(wei)第(di)一(yi)名;1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)正(zheng)式被(bei)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)部確定(ding)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)基(ji)地(di)縣(xian)(xian);1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),縣(xian)(xian)委發出《關(guan)于(yu)大(da)(da)力(li)發展柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)決定(ding)》,把柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)致富翻番的(de)(de)一(yi)大(da)(da)優勢和支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye),當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)(quan)縣(xian)(xian)柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)360萬(wan)株,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)(deng)5大(da)(da)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)244萬(wan)株,占總(zong)數(shu)的(de)(de)68%;1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)和1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)兩次被(bei)評(ping)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)優質(zhi)果(guo)品(pin)(pin)金獎(jiang)。八(ba)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)末(mo)縣(xian)(xian)果(guo)樹工(gong)作(zuo)者從(cong)(cong)(cong)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)農(nong)科(ke)院引進新品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),經(jing)栽(zai)培選育,產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)表(biao)(biao)現出豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、質(zhi)優的(de)(de)特(te)(te)點,商(shang)品(pin)(pin)性(xing)極佳,因主(zhu)(zhu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)于(yu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)鳳(feng)和鄉,經(jing)縣(xian)(xian)委縣(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府研究,命名為(wei)(wei)“西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”。 西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)優良(liang)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)與其(qi)(qi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)獨特(te)(te)的(de)(de)地(di)理位置(zhi)、氣候(hou)、土壤(rang)條(tiao)件、水(shui)資源等(deng)(deng)密不(bu)可(ke)分。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內以淺丘帶(dai)壩(ba)、中(zhong)(zhong)丘帶(dai)壩(ba)地(di)形為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),便于(yu)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)布(bu)局(ju)及(ji)耕作(zuo),土壤(rang)肥力(li)較(jiao)高,土層深厚,富含有(you)機質(zhi)及(ji)礦(kuang)物質(zhi),雨量充(chong)(chong)(chong)沛,水(shui)質(zhi)良(liang)好(hao)(hao),光能(neng)分布(bu)相(xiang)對集中(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)4-9月,基(ji)本涵蓋西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)整個有(you)效生長期(qi),有(you)利于(yu)積蓄養分、增加(jia)可(ke)溶性(xing)固形物、色(se)(se)素(su)轉化和橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)紅增加(jia)。據《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)南(nan)方(fang)果(guo)樹》報道,西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)較(jiao)浙(zhe)江、江西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、重慶等(deng)(deng)地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量更(geng)穩定(ding)、色(se)(se)澤更(geng)好(hao)(hao)、品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)更(geng)佳。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)上海舉辦的(de)(de)第(di)三(san)屆名優果(guo)品(pin)(pin)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)展評(ping)會(hui)上一(yi)舉奪得(de)(de)“中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)名果(guo)”殊榮;2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)工(gong)商(shang)總(zong)局(ju)注冊“西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)”牌(pai)商(shang)標;2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月,經(jing)四(si)川(chuan)省農(nong)業(ye)(ye)廳(ting)、四(si)川(chuan)省農(nong)科(ke)院、四(si)川(chuan)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)大(da)(da)學等(deng)(deng)專家(jia)(jia)鑒(jian)定(ding),一(yi)致認為(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、穩產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)、質(zhi)優、遺傳性(xing)穩定(ding),表(biao)(biao)現優于(yu)其(qi)(qi)它產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)。目前,西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)已成為(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)省最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)臍(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)規模不(bu)斷擴大(da)(da),品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)穩重有(you)升,發展前景十分廣闊。
二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷(li)史(shi)因(yin)素
西鳳臍(qi)(qi)橙產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)地處嘉陵(ling)江(jiang)、涪江(jiang)脊背地帶(dai),屬淺(qian)丘(qiu)(qiu)地貌,溝谷縱橫(heng),丘(qiu)(qiu)陵(ling)密布,地勢西北高(gao),東(dong)南低,由西北向東(dong)南傾斜,海拔(ba)210-617米,平均海拔(ba)540米,山脈(mo)呈(cheng)南北走向,北面略(lve)高(gao)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)土壤(rang)以紅棕紫泥(ni)土為主,PH值6.8-7.3,中性至微堿性,土壤(rang)肥力較高(gao),磷(lin)、鉀等礦物質含量豐富(fu)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)內水資(zi)源豐富(fu),水質良好(hao),非常適宜臍(qi)(qi)橙產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)種(zhong)植。 西鳳臍(qi)(qi)橙產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)屬中亞(ya)熱(re)代濕潤季(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候,氣(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)和,雨(yu)量充沛。年(nian)均溫(wen)(wen)17.5℃,一月(yue)均溫(wen)(wen)6.3℃,七月(yue)均溫(wen)(wen)27.5℃,年(nian)均日照時(shi)數1383.9小時(shi),≥10℃有效積溫(wen)(wen)5464.4℃,4-9月(yue)日照時(shi)數占全年(nian)的70%,日照和光能在盆地中部柑桔產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)優(you)勢明(ming)顯,全年(nian)無霜期308天,年(nian)均降水量980.8毫米,降雨(yu)大部分集中在七、八、九月(yue),產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)生(sheng)態環境良好(hao),氣(qi)(qi)候條件得天獨厚,出產(chan)(chan)(chan)的臍(qi)(qi)橙味濃甜,病蟲害少,品(pin)質佳。
三.地域范圍
西(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)臍橙(cheng)農產品地理標志(zhi)地域保(bao)護范圍包括南充市(shi)西(xi)(xi)充縣(xian)境內晉城、常林、鳳(feng)鳴、義興、仁和、鳳(feng)和、雙江、宏橋(qiao)、雙鳳(feng)、東岱、高院(yuan)、同德(de)、占山、祥龍(long)、車龍(long)、金(jin)泉、中(zhong)嶺、紫巖、關文(wen)、青龍(long)、多扶、東太、槐樹、西(xi)(xi)碾等24個鄉(鎮(zhen))。西(xi)(xi)充縣(xian)位于四川(chuan)盆(pen)地中(zhong)偏北部(bu),地理坐標為:東經105°36′4″-106°4′7″,北緯(wei)30°52′4″-31°15′7″,東接(jie)蓬安(an)縣(xian),西(xi)(xi)靠鹽亭縣(xian),北與(yu)南部(bu)縣(xian)相(xiang)連,南與(yu)蓬溪縣(xian)接(jie)壤。保(bao)護面(mian)積(ji)6.5萬(wan)公頃,年(nian)產量(liang)3.2萬(wan)噸。
四.產品品質特性(xing)特征(zheng)
(1)外在(zai)感官特征:西鳳臍(qi)橙(cheng)果實中大(da),倒卵圓或(huo)橢(tuo)圓形,端(duan)正整(zheng)齊。果皮(pi)橙(cheng)紅色、中厚,多(duo)閉臍(qi),較易剝皮(pi)。果肉橙(cheng)色,脆嫩化(hua)渣,多(duo)汁,富香(xiang)氣,酸(suan)甜適中,風味濃(nong),無核。
(2)內在品(pin)質(zhi)指標:西鳳(feng)臍橙總(zong)酸(suan)含量(liang)≤0.72%,可(ke)溶性(xing)固形物(wu)≥9.5%,可(ke)食率≥68%,含有豐富的(de)維生素C。
(3)安(an)全要求(qiu):符合中華人民(min)共和國(guo)農業行業標(biao)準《無公害食品柑(gan)桔(jie)》NY5014-2005質量(liang)要求(qiu)。