地理氣候
西峽地處北亞熱(re)帶(dai)與暖溫帶(dai)分界線、濕潤(run)區與半濕潤(run)區分界線,年(nian)均(jun)氣(qi)溫15.2℃,年(nian)均(jun)降(jiang)雨量(liang)在1000毫米左右(you),相(xiang)對濕度(du)75%;無霜期236天;年(nian)平均(jun)日照(zhao)時數2049小時,森(sen)林覆蓋(gai)率76.8%,優良(liang)的地理(li)氣(qi)候和生態環(huan)境(jing)使西峽成為獼猴桃(tao)最佳(jia)適生區之一。表(biao)現為種質資(zi)源豐富,分布面積廣,適合人(ren)工栽培,抗凍害(hai)、日灼(zhuo)和病蟲害(hai)能力強,內在品質優良(liang),口感(gan)好,維生素(su)C含量(liang)高。
種植情況
野生(sheng)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)在西(xi)(xi)峽(xia)已有(you)(you)(you)千年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)長(chang)歷(li)(li)史,人工(gong)栽培(pei)(pei)也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)40多(duo)年(nian)(nian)歷(li)(li)史。2009年(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)峽(xia)縣擁有(you)(you)(you)野生(sheng)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)資源40萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu),分(fen)布比較(jiao)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)區域(yu)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)就(jiu)有(you)(you)(you)15.4萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu),年(nian)(nian)可利(li)用產(chan)(chan)(chan)量1000萬(wan)公斤,居(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)縣級(ji)之首(shou),以分(fen)布集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、品質優良(liang)、種(zhong)類多(duo)馳名中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外,是世界上(shang)不可多(duo)得的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)、美味獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)、軟(ruan)棗(zao)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)的(de)(de)(de)交叉分(fen)布區域(yu)。西(xi)(xi)峽(xia)是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)開(kai)展(zhan)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)人工(gong)栽培(pei)(pei)最早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)區,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)第(di)一(yi)個大面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)人工(gong)育苗成功,建立(li)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)第(di)一(yi)個獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)人工(gong)栽培(pei)(pei)基地(di)(di)。早(zao)在20世紀(ji)70年(nian)(nian)代(dai),該(gai)(gai)縣在全國(guo)(guo)率先成立(li)了縣級(ji)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)研(yan)究(jiu)機構--西(xi)(xi)峽(xia)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)研(yan)究(jiu)所,培(pei)(pei)養了以國(guo)(guo)家(jia)級(ji)有(you)(you)(you)突出(chu)貢獻獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)專家(jia)朱(zhu)鴻云為(wei)代(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)批(pi)科技人員,先后篩選培(pei)(pei)育出(chu)適合西(xi)(xi)峽(xia)種(zhong)植的(de)(de)(de)"海沃德(de)"、"華(hua)美系(xi)(xi)列(lie)"、"華(hua)光系(xi)(xi)列(lie)"、"豫皇系(xi)(xi)列(lie)"等一(yi)批(pi)優良(liang)品種(zhong)。到(dao)(dao)2009年(nian)(nian)底,該(gai)(gai)縣已建成獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)人工(gong)基地(di)(di)10萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu),2009年(nian)(nian)掛果面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)達到(dao)(dao)3.5萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu),產(chan)(chan)(chan)量3600萬(wan)公斤,基地(di)(di)規模和產(chan)(chan)(chan)量在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)僅次于陜西(xi)(xi)周至縣,居(ju)全國(guo)(guo)第(di)二位。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)暢銷世界的(de)(de)(de)"海沃德(de)"面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)達5萬(wan)多(duo)畝(mu)(mu),占中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)"海沃德(de)"基地(di)(di)總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)40%。
產品加工
在大(da)(da)力(li)(li)發展(zhan)人工(gong)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)基(ji)地(di)(di)和(he)開發利用好野(ye)生(sheng)資源的(de)同時,西峽(xia)(xia)縣(xian)致力(li)(li)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)貯(zhu)藏和(he)深加工(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)快速發展(zhan)。截(jie)至2009年(nian)底(di),該(gai)(gai)縣(xian)已(yi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)保鮮(xian)庫75座,貯(zhu)藏量8500噸。加工(gong)方(fang)面(mian),建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)了西峽(xia)(xia)華邦公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)、福萊爾南(nan)方(fang)航空食(shi)品(pin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)和(he)哪吒食(shi)品(pin)有(you)限公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)等(deng)一批加工(gong)企業(ye)(ye)(ye),年(nian)加工(gong)能力(li)(li)達到(dao)(dao)2萬噸,產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)主要(yao)有(you)果汁、果片、果醬、果酒、罐頭(tou)五大(da)(da)系(xi)(xi)列20多(duo)個(ge)品(pin)種。鮮(xian)果銷售是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)開展(zhan)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)人工(gong)栽培最早的(de)地(di)(di)區覆蓋(gai)北京(jing)(jing)、上海(hai)等(deng)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)40多(duo)個(ge)大(da)(da)中(zhong)城市,并出口(kou)加拿大(da)(da)、日本、臺灣(wan)和(he)東(dong)南(nan)亞(ya)(ya)等(deng)十多(duo)個(ge)國(guo)(guo)家和(he)地(di)(di)區。獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)果汁、果醬和(he)罐頭(tou)等(deng)加工(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)暢銷東(dong)南(nan)亞(ya)(ya)。與北京(jing)(jing)匯源集團(tuan)(tuan)、加拿大(da)(da)蒜(suan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)集團(tuan)(tuan)、日本三義株式(shi)會(hui)社(she)、四(si)川恩(en)源果業(ye)(ye)(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)等(deng)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外十多(duo)家客商建(jian)(jian)(jian)立了長(chang)期獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)購銷合(he)作(zuo)關(guan)系(xi)(xi),按照(zhao)"公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)+基(ji)地(di)(di)+農(nong)戶"的(de)模式(shi),實行訂單生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)收(shou)購,其中(zhong)"海(hai)沃(wo)德"、"紅陽"訂單率達90%以(yi)(yi)上,秦(qin)美、華美2號達60%以(yi)(yi)上。英國(guo)(guo)、德國(guo)(guo)、韓國(guo)(guo)等(deng)國(guo)(guo)家相關(guan)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)考察團(tuan)(tuan)已(yi)對西峽(xia)(xia)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)情(qing)況進(jin)行多(duo)次考察,并已(yi)初步達成(cheng)合(he)作(zuo)意向。截(jie)至2009年(nian),該(gai)(gai)縣(xian)超過一半的(de)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)基(ji)地(di)(di)已(yi)進(jin)入掛果期,畝均(jun)效(xiao)益5000元(yuan)左右,最高1萬多(duo)元(yuan)。2009年(nian),全縣(xian)獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)值達到(dao)(dao)了1.8億元(yuan),直接參與獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設人員8萬多(duo)人,獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)重(zhong)點生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區人均(jun)來自獼(mi)猴(hou)(hou)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)收(shou)入達3000元(yuan)以(yi)(yi)上,占全年(nian)人均(jun)收(shou)入的(de)80%以(yi)(yi)上。
產品榮譽
西(xi)峽(xia)獼(mi)(mi)(mi)猴(hou)桃(tao)曾獲(huo)得:中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)優(you)(you)質農產品(pin)金(jin)獎(jiang);中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)獼(mi)(mi)(mi)猴(hou)桃(tao)優(you)(you)良(liang)品(pin)種獎(jiang);中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)昆明(ming)世界(jie)園藝博覽(lan)會金(jin)獎(jiang);中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)全國(guo)(guo)獼(mi)(mi)(mi)猴(hou)桃(tao)十大優(you)(you)良(liang)品(pin)種獎(jiang);河南省名牌農產品(pin);中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地理標(biao)志保護產品(pin);中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家優(you)(you)質獼(mi)(mi)(mi)猴(hou)桃(tao)生產基地縣;36萬畝野生基地已先后通(tong)過OFDC(國(guo)(guo)家環保總局有機(ji)食品(pin)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心)、美國(guo)(guo)OCIA(美國(guo)(guo)有機(ji)作物改良(liang)協(xie)會)、日(ri)本(ben)JAS(日(ri)本(ben)有機(ji)作物標(biao)準(zhun)法(fa)規)、歐盟ECOECRT(歐盟有機(ji)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)協(xie)會)和NOP(美國(guo)(guo)有機(ji)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)協(xie)會)等認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)機(ji)構(gou)的有機(ji)認(ren)(ren)(ren)證(zheng)。西(xi)峽(xia)榮(rong)獲(huo)"中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)名優(you)(you)特經濟林(lin)--獼(mi)(mi)(mi)猴(hou)桃(tao)之鄉" 。
地理標志
2008年,經中國(guo)國(guo)家質檢局審核通過,決定對西峽獼猴桃實施國(guo)家地理標志產品保護(hu)。
保護范圍
西(xi)峽獼(mi)猴桃地理標志產(chan)品保(bao)護范(fan)圍(wei)以河(he)南省西(xi)峽縣人民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)府辦(ban)公室《關于確定西(xi)峽獼(mi)猴桃國家地理標志產(chan)品保(bao)護范(fan)圍(wei)的通知》(西(xi)政(zheng)(zheng)辦(ban)〔2007〕51號)提出的范(fan)圍(wei)為(wei)準,為(wei)河(he)南省西(xi)峽縣丹水鎮(zhen)、田關鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、回車鎮(zhen)、五里橋(qiao)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、陽(yang)城鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、丁(ding)河(he)鎮(zhen)、重陽(yang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西(xi)坪鎮(zhen)、寨根(gen)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、桑坪鎮(zhen)、石界(jie)河(he)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、米坪鎮(zhen)、軍(jun)馬(ma)河(he)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、雙龍鎮(zhen)、二朗(lang)坪鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、太平(ping)鎮(zhen)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、白羽街道(dao)辦(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)、蓮花街道(dao)辦(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)、紫金街道(dao)辦(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)等19個鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)街道(dao)辦(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)所轄行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)區域。
專用標志使用
西(xi)峽獼猴桃地理(li)標(biao)志產品(pin)保護范(fan)圍內的生(sheng)產者,可向(xiang)河南(nan)省(sheng)西(xi)峽縣質(zhi)量(liang)技術(shu)監督局(ju)提出使用(yong)"地理(li)標(biao)志產品(pin)專用(yong)標(biao)志"的申請(qing),由國家(jia)質(zhi)檢總局(ju)公告批準。