主要建筑
杭州(zhou)(zhou)鳳凰寺(si)與(yu)(yu)揚州(zhou)(zhou)仙鶴寺(si)、廣州(zhou)(zhou)懷圣寺(si)、泉(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)清凈寺(si)齊名,是(shi)(shi)一(yi)間結(jie)合中(zhong)國與(yu)(yu)阿拉伯文化特色與(yu)(yu)傳統建(jian)筑風格(ge)的(de)禮拜寺(si),鳳凰寺(si)整體(ti)布(bu)局(ju)都依照伊斯蘭(lan)教(jiao)義所(suo)建(jian),主要建(jian)筑物向著麥加(jia),布(bu)置在東西向的(de)中(zhong)軸(zhou)上(shang),大殿的(de)建(jian)筑風格(ge)帶有江南獨特的(de)秀氣與(yu)(yu)質樸(pu),是(shi)(shi)鳳凰寺(si)中(zhong)最古老的(de)建(jian)筑。
寺(si)院用(yong)高大(da)的(de)磚墻(qiang)圍合,寺(si)內(nei)主要建筑物為門(men)廳(ting)、禮堂、大(da)殿(dian)(dian)。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)是全(quan)寺(si)的(de)主體(ti)建筑,為元(yuan)代(dai)所建,由三(san)個(ge)穹隆頂(ding)(ding)相連成(cheng)長方(fang)形磚結構無(wu)梁(liang)殿(dian)(dian)頂(ding)(ding),外(wai)觀作成(cheng)三(san)個(ge)攢尖頂(ding)(ding),中間(jian)為重檐八角(jiao),兩(liang)邊為單檐六角(jiao),是中西建筑文化(hua)融合的(de)產物。內(nei)部(bu)以圓拱門(men)相通,內(nei)壁四隅上端(duan)轉角(jiao)處(chu)作菱角(jiao)牙子疊澀。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)彩畫(hua)是明代(dai)遺物,外(wai)墻(qiang)粉刷白(bai)色。寺(si)內(nei)碑廊中存(cun)古碑數通,碑文記錄了鳳凰寺(si)歷(li)代(dai)維修(xiu)情(qing)況。
全寺面(mian)(mian)積(ji)約2600平方米,建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2203平方米。現(xian)存(cun)大(da)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)3組(zu)并(bing)排(pai)的(de)后(hou)窯殿(dian)(dian)(dian),據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)學家鑒別,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)一組(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宋時所建(jian)(jian),其(qi)余兩組(zu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)元(yuan)代增(zeng)建(jian)(jian),后(hou)由(you)明代依(yi)原型(xing)重(zhong)修。全用磚砌(qi)成(cheng)(cheng),四壁上端轉角(jiao)處砌(qi)菱角(jiao)牙子疊澀收縮,上覆(fu)半(ban)球(qiu)形拱頂(ding),不用梁架,故稱“無梁殿(dian)(dian)(dian)”。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)通面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)28.15米,以拱券門(men)分隔成(cheng)(cheng)3大(da)間(jian),每間(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)半(ban)球(qiu)形穹窿頂(ding),穹頂(ding)建(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)3座中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)式(shi)攢(zan)尖(jian)頂(ding),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)八角(jiao)重(zhong)檐,南北次間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)角(jiao)單檐,筒瓦板垅,翼角(jiao)起翹。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)內(nei)禮拜朝向墻砌(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)凹壁,壁面(mian)(mian)裝有(you)(you)(you)(you)精湛的(de)明代木雕(diao)(diao),鐫刻有(you)(you)(you)(you)書法精美的(de)《古(gu)蘭(lan)經(jing)(jing)》文(wen)。朱漆貼金,富麗(li)堂(tang)(tang)皇。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)墻有(you)(you)(you)(you)青(qing)砂石制“經(jing)(jing)香臺”4座,兩側為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)雕(diao)(diao)竹節望柱,束腰(yao)刻有(you)(you)(you)(you)花(hua)草,構(gou)圖洗煉,刀(dao)法遒勁,當是元(yuan)代遺物。殿(dian)(dian)(dian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)木制“經(jing)(jing)函”,雕(diao)(diao)刻阿拉(la)伯(bo)文(wen),工(gong)藝(yi)精致(zhi),可能(neng)是明景泰二(er)年(1451)重(zhong)修時設置,是我國(guo)伊斯蘭(lan)教藝(yi)術珍(zhen)品。進正門(men),穿門(men)廳,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1953年新(xin)建(jian)(jian)之禮堂(tang)(tang)。寺北墻內(nei)建(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)碑(bei)(bei)廊,存(cun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)阿拉(la)伯(bo)文(wen),波(bo)斯文(wen)碑(bei)(bei)石24塊,還存(cun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)明永(yong)樂,弘(hong)治敕諭碑(bei)(bei)以及清順治、康(kang)熙年間(jian)重(zhong)修寺碑(bei)(bei)記等文(wen)物。該(gai)寺建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)伊斯蘭(lan)教與(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)風(feng)格相(xiang)結合的(de)特點,是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)和阿拉(la)伯(bo)文(wen)化交流的(de)歷(li)史見證。
文物價值
鳳凰寺大殿殿內(nei)(nei)存(cun)有(you)(you)以(yi)阿拉伯文(wen)(wen)書(shu)寫碑(bei)刻的(de)(de)(de)阿老丁墓碑(bei),后壁下(xia)部三(san)間(jian)內(nei)(nei)各有(you)(you)伊(yi)斯蘭(lan)藝術的(de)(de)(de)珍品,包(bao)括青(qing)砂石(shi)(shi)制“經(jing)香(xiang)臺”、竹節望柱、束腰的(de)(de)(de)刻花(hua)草(cao)及藏有(you)(you)木制“經(jing)函”等(deng)等(deng)特色工(gong)藝品,殿頂(ding)上(shang)建(jian)有(you)(you)三(san)座宋(song)代八角形的(de)(de)(de)遺物攢尖頂(ding),其中(zhong)一座上(shang)頭刻有(you)(you)“可(ke)蘭(lan)經(jing)”文(wen)(wen),相(xiang)傳是明景泰二(er)年留下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)物,鳳凰寺內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)刻經(jing)臺和柱礎(chu)石(shi)(shi)也經(jing)文(wen)(wen)物部門鑒定為宋(song)代遺物,具有(you)(you)深厚的(de)(de)(de)歷史價值。
文物保護
市園文(wen)局將鳳凰寺保護(hu)列入文(wen)物保護(hu)計(ji)劃,幫助市伊斯(si)蘭教協會(hui)搞好規劃建設和保護(hu)工作。鳳凰寺主要(yao)作為杭州市的(de)一個文(wen)化旅游景點(dian),除穆斯(si)林重大(da)節慶和接(jie)待國內外(wai)貴賓活動外(wai),不再舉行(xing)日常宗教活動。
文物遺存
寺內珍藏著(zhu)不少文物和藝(yi)術(shu)品(pin),主(zhu)要(yao)有木制的“經(jing)函(han)”和一(yi)些碑刻。
主要游覽項目
鳳(feng)凰寺占地(di)面積2600平(ping)方米,建筑包門廳、禮堂、禮拜殿等。其(qi)中禮拜殿是元(yuan)朝時代的(de)無梁(liang)建筑。