靈隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)初創時佛(fo)法未盛,一切(qie)僅初具雛形(xing)而已。至南(nan)(nan)朝(chao)梁武帝賜田并擴建,其(qi)規模(mo)稍(shao)有(you)可(ke)觀。唐大歷六年(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)771年(nian)),曾(ceng)作過全面修葺,香火(huo)旺盛。然而,唐末“會昌法難”,靈隱(yin)(yin)受池魚之災,寺(si)(si)毀僧散(san)。靈隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)鼎盛時,曾(ceng)有(you)九樓、十八(ba)閣、七十二殿堂,僧房一千三百間,僧眾(zhong)多達三千余人。南(nan)(nan)宋(song)建都杭州(zhou),高宗(zong)與孝宗(zong)常幸(xing)駕靈隱(yin)(yin),主(zhu)理寺(si)(si)務(wu),并揮灑翰墨。宋(song)寧(ning)宗(zong)嘉定年(nian)間,靈隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)被譽為江南(nan)(nan)禪(chan)宗(zong)“五(wu)山”之一。 清順治年(nian)間,禪(chan)宗(zong)巨匠(jiang)具德(de)和尚住持靈隱(yin)(yin),立(li)志建,廣籌資(zi)金,僅建殿堂時間就前(qian)后歷十八(ba)年(nian)之久(jiu)。梵剎莊嚴,古(gu)風(feng)重振,其(qi)規模(mo)之宏(hong)偉(wei)躍(yue)居“東(dong)南(nan)(nan)之冠”。清康熙二十八(ba)年(nian)(公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1689年(nian)),康熙帝南(nan)(nan)巡時,賜名 “云(yun)林(lin)禪(chan)寺(si)(si)”。
新中國成立后(hou),靈(ling)隱曾多次進行(xing)大規(gui)模整修。目(mu)前,靈(ling)隱寺主要由天王殿(dian)、大雄寶(bao)殿(dian)、藥(yao)師殿(dian)、直指堂(法(fa)堂)、華嚴(yan)殿(dian)為中軸線,兩(liang)邊附以(yi)五百(bai)羅(luo)漢(han)堂、濟公殿(dian)、聯燈閣、華嚴(yan)閣、大悲樓(lou)、方丈樓(lou)等建(jian)筑(zhu)所構成,共占地一百(bai)三十(shi)(shi)畝,殿(dian)宇恢(hui)宏,建(jian)構有序。大雄寶(bao)殿(dian)中有一尊釋迦牟(mou)尼佛像,是以(yi)唐代禪宗(zong)佛像為藍本,用(yong)二十(shi)(shi)四塊樟木雕刻鑲接而成,共高24.8米,妙相(xiang)莊嚴(yan),氣韻生動(dong),為國內所罕見。
靈隱自創建以來,高僧云集,文人薈萃,儒釋交融,談禪論道,一吟一詠早己蔚然成為文化大觀。此外,寺內還存有不少年代久遠的佛像、法器、經幢、石塔、御碑、字畫等歷史文物為靈隱寺珍貴的佛教文化遺產。時序已進入新世紀,靈隱寺以其得天獨厚的佛教文化、宏偉壯麗的殿宇建筑和秀美幽雅的自然風光,吸引著海內外游客。靈隱寺,它早已成為人們學佛、觀光、祈福、休閑的佛教勝地。
時序已進入新(xin)世紀,靈隱(yin)寺以(yi)其得天獨厚的(de)佛教(jiao)文化、宏偉(wei)壯麗的(de)殿(dian)宇建筑和秀美(mei)幽(you)雅(ya)的(de)自然風光,吸引著海內(nei)外游客。靈隱(yin)寺,它早已成為人們學佛、觀光、祈福、休閑的(de)佛教(jiao)勝地。
作為(wei)禪宗(zong)五山之(zhi)首,飛來(lai)峰(feng)(feng)石(shi)刻造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國南(nan)方石(shi)窟(ku)藝術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要作品,這些雕(diao)琢于(yu)石(shi)灰巖上的(de)(de)(de)(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)時(shi)代跨度(du)從五代十國至(zhi)明,在470多(duo)尊(zun)(zun)造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong),保存完(wan)整(zheng)和(he)比較完(wan)整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有335尊(zun)(zun),妙相莊嚴(yan),彌(mi)(mi)足(zu)珍貴。其中(zhong)(zhong)年代較早的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)青林(lin)洞(dong)入口靠右(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)巖石(shi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)彌(mi)(mi)陀(tuo)、觀音、大(da)(da)(da)勢至(zhi)等(deng)三尊(zun)(zun)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),為(wei)951年(北(bei)漢(han)乾祐(you)四年)所造(zao)。而(er)盧舍那(nei)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)會浮(fu)雕(diao)造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)則是(shi)(shi)北(bei)宋造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)藝術(shu)精品。最為(wei)人(ren)(ren)所知(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de),莫過于(yu)大(da)(da)(da)肚彌(mi)(mi)勒和(he)18羅(luo)(luo)漢(han)群像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),此為(wei)飛來(lai)峰(feng)(feng)摩崖石(shi)刻中(zhong)(zhong)很大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),也(ye)是(shi)(shi)國內很早的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)肚彌(mi)(mi)勒造(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)雕(diao)刻生動(dong)傳(chuan)神(shen),坐(zuo)于(yu)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)龕中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)肚彌(mi)(mi)勒坦跣足(zu)屈膝,手(shou)持(chi)數(shu)珠,袒胸(xiong)鼓(gu)腹而(er)開懷大(da)(da)(da)笑,將“容(rong)(rong)天(tian)下(xia)難容(rong)(rong)事(shi),笑天(tian)下(xia)可笑之(zhi)人(ren)(ren)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)象刻畫(hua)得淋漓盡(jin)致(zhi)。周(zhou)圍(wei)并環十八(ba)羅(luo)(luo)漢(han),也(ye)是(shi)(shi)神(shen)情(qing)各異(yi),細致(zhi)生動(dong)。元代的(de)(de)(de)(de)100余尊(zun)(zun)漢(han)、藏風格的(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)刻亦容(rong)(rong)相清秀(xiu),體態(tai)窈(yao)窕,為(wei)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)教藝術(shu)之(zhi)瑰寶。 據前人(ren)(ren)記載,飛來(lai)峰(feng)(feng)過去72洞(dong),但因(yin)年代久遠(yuan),多(duo)數(shu)已(yi)湮沒(mei)。僅存幾個洞(dong),大(da)(da)(da)都集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)在飛來(lai)峰(feng)(feng)東(dong)南(nan)一(yi)側。最南(nan)端一(yi)個叫青林(lin)洞(dong),洞(dong)內有石(shi)床、手(shou)掌(zhang)(zhang)印(yin),傳(chuan)說(shuo)石(shi)床為(wei)“濟公(gong)床”,后掌(zhang)(zhang)印(yin)為(wei) “濟公(gong)手(shou)掌(zhang)(zhang)印(yin)”。此外, 還有玉(yu)乳洞(dong)、龍(long)弘(hong)洞(dong)、 射旭洞(dong)等(deng)。
王(wang)殿(dian)長約(yue)24米(mi)(mi),寬約(yue)15米(mi)(mi),正中面(mian)朝山(shan)門的佛龕(kan)供奉彌勒佛像,袒(tan)胸(xiong)露腹,趺坐蒲團(tuan),笑容可掬(ju);背(bei)對山(shan)門的佛龕(kan)供奉的是佛教護法神(shen)韋(wei)馱雕(diao)像,像高(gao)二米(mi)(mi)半,頭戴(dai)金(jin)盔,身裹甲(jia)胄,神(shen)采奕奕。這尊雕(diao)像以香樟木雕(diao)造,是南宋(song)留存至今的珍(zhen)貴(gui)遺(yi)物,已有700多年歷史。天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)兩側是四大(da)(da)天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)彩塑(su)像,高(gao)各八米(mi)(mi),個個身披重甲(jia)。其中兩個形態威武,兩個神(shen)色猙(zheng)獰,俗(su)稱四大(da)(da)金(jin)剛。天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)上懸(xuan)“云林禪寺(si)”匾(bian)額(e),為清(qing)康熙帝所(suo)題。 天(tian)(tian)(tian)王(wang)殿(dian)前左右各有石經幢(chuang)(chuang)一座(zuo)。兩經幢(chuang)(chuang)都有《天(tian)(tian)(tian)下兵馬(ma)大(da)(da)元帥(shuai)吳越國王(wang)建,時大(da)(da)宋(song)開寶二年己巳歲閏(run)五月》題記。
原(yuan)稱覺皇殿(dian)(dian)(dian),單(dan)層(ceng)三疊重(zhong)(zhong)檐(yan),長約24米(mi),重(zhong)(zhong)檐(yan)高(gao)33.6米(mi),為(wei)第二(er)重(zhong)(zhong)大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)正(zheng)中是(shi)(shi)一(yi)座高(gao)24.8米(mi)的(de)釋迦牟(mou)尼蓮花坐像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),造(zao)(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)“妙相莊嚴”、“氣韻生動”,頷首俯(fu)視(shi),令人景仰,這是(shi)(shi)中國最高(gao)大的(de)香樟(zhang)木(mu)(mu)坐式佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之一(yi),是(shi)(shi)一(yi)件不可多得(de)的(de)宗教藝(yi)術(shu)精(jing)(jing)品。正(zheng)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)兩(liang)邊是(shi)(shi)二(er)十諸天立(li)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),殿(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)兩(liang)邊為(wei)十二(er)圓覺坐像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。大殿(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)壁有(you)“慈(ci)航普渡(du)”、“五十三參”海島立(li)體(ti)群塑(su),共有(you)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)150尊(zun),正(zheng)中為(wei)鰲魚觀音立(li)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),手(shou)執(zhi)凈水瓶,普渡(du)眾生,下(xia)塑(su)善(shan)(shan)財(cai)童(tong)子(zi)及其參拜(bai)觀音故事,善(shan)(shan)財(cai)童(tong)子(zi)參拜(bai)名(ming)師53位,第27參拜(bai)觀音得(de)道成(cheng)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)。觀音兩(liang)側為(wei)弟子(zi)善(shan)(shan)財(cai)與龍女(nv),上有(you)地藏菩薩,再上面(mian)是(shi)(shi)釋迦牟(mou)尼雪山修道的(de)場(chang)景:白猿獻(xian)果(guo)、麋鹿獻(xian)乳,整座佛(fo)(fo)(fo)山造(zao)(zao)型生動。 大雄寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)前月臺兩(liang)側各有(you)一(yi)座八角九層(ceng)仿木(mu)(mu)結構石塔(ta),塔(ta)高(gao)逾七(qi)米(mi),塔(ta)身(shen)每(mei)面(mian)雕(diao)刻精(jing)(jing)美,經古建(jian)筑專(zhuan)家(jia)梁思成(cheng)生前考定,兩(liang)石塔(ta)亦雕(diao)造(zao)(zao)于(yu)(yu)吳越(yue)末年。據說建(jian)于(yu)(yu)公元969年。靈隱寺珍藏的(de)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)教文(wen)物,有(you)古代(dai)貝葉寫(xie)經、東(dong)魏鎦金佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、明(ming)董其昌(chang)寫(xie)本《金剛經》、清雍正(zheng)木(mu)(mu)刻本龍藏等等,都(dou)是(shi)(shi)彌(mi)足(zu)珍貴的(de)文(wen)物。 靈隱寺內原(yuan)釋迦牟(mou)尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)于(yu)(yu)1949年大雄寶殿(dian)(dian)(dian)正(zheng)梁因白蟻蛀空倒(dao)塌時被毀,現在這座佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)是(shi)(shi)1953年重(zhong)(zhong)修寺宇(yu)(yu)時由中國浙江美術(shu)學院的(de)雕(diao)塑(su)家(jia)和(he)民間藝(yi)人們(men)采用唐代(dai)禪宗佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)為(wei)藍本共同精(jing)(jing)心(xin)設計(ji)的(de)。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)高(gao)19.6米(mi),比原(yuan)先(xian)的(de)釋迦造(zao)(zao)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)高(gao)一(yi)倍多,用近百塊香樟(zhang)木(mu)(mu)雕(diao)成(cheng)。佛(fo)(fo)(fo)像(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)造(zao)(zao)型端莊凝(ning)重(zhong)(zhong),氣宇(yu)(yu)軒昂,慈(ci)眉(mei)善(shan)(shan)目。
是(shi)(shi)靈隱寺的第三重大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian),長約20米(mi),寬約12米(mi),供奉的是(shi)(shi)“東(dong)方(fang)三圣”:藥(yao)師(shi)佛(fo)及日光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)天(tian)子、月光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)天(tian)子。殿(dian)(dian)中蓮(lian)臺(tai)座上結跏趺坐的是(shi)(shi)藥(yao)師(shi)佛(fo),是(shi)(shi)東(dong)方(fang)凈琉璃(li)世界的教(jiao)主,稱“大(da)(da)醫(yi)王佛(fo)”,他(ta)能使眾生離苦得樂,解除(chu)病(bing)痛(tong)和災害,又(you)稱“消災延壽藥(yao)師(shi)佛(fo)”。左邊站(zhan)立日光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)菩薩(sa),手托太陽,象征著光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)明;右(you)邊站(zhan)立月光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)菩薩(sa),手托月亮(liang),象征著清涼。大(da)(da)殿(dian)(dian)兩邊的十二(er)(er)尊塑像是(shi)(shi)藥(yao)師(shi)佛(fo)的十二(er)(er)位(wei)弟(di)子,號稱“藥(yao)童”,又(you)稱“藥(yao)叉神(shen)(shen)將(jiang)”,頂盔貫甲(jia),神(shen)(shen)態威武,手下(xia)各(ge)有(you)七千神(shen)(shen)兵供調遣,他(ta)們按十二(er)(er)個時辰排序(xu)。殿(dian)(dian)左有(you)重建的羅漢堂,陳列五百羅漢線刻石像。
在(zai)五百羅漢堂內新建有(you)“靈隱銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)”,其高(gao)(gao)達12.62米(mi),為中(zhong)華(hua)第一高(gao)(gao)銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian),獲世(shi)界基(ji)尼斯(si)最高(gao)(gao)銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)紀錄 ?。“靈隱銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)”由杭州市佛(fo)教協會委托(tuo)中(zhong)國工藝美(mei)術大(da)師(shi)朱(zhu)炳仁主持設(she)計(ji)制作,八易(yi)其稿,歷(li)時400余天,計(ji)萬余工而制成(cheng)。 “靈隱銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)”為單層(ceng)重檐(yan)歇山頂的(de)傳統(tong)古(gu)建筑結(jie)構,飛(fei)檐(yan)雕(diao)瓦(wa),翼角飛(fei)舉(ju),翼展達7.77米(mi),底面5米(mi)見方(fang)。歇山頂上龍吻對峙,火球騰金,窗花、斗拱、雀替(ti)、龍柱(zhu)、額(e)、枋都精雕(diao)細刻,諸形(xing)工美(mei),銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)正(zheng)方(fang)四面雕(diao)有(you)四大(da)佛(fo)山的(de)自然(ran)風貌(mao),或天蒼地(di)茫,玉(yu)宇(yu)澄清(qing);或古(gu)剎巍峨,大(da)江環流,展示巧奪(duo)天工的(de)鍛雕(diao)技(ji)藝。殿(dian)(dian)基(ji)有(you)銅(tong)(tong)磚鋪地(di),須彌座鑄有(you)佛(fo)山經(jing)典圖畫。銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)(dian)運(yun)用現(xian)代表面處理(li)技(ji)藝,金燦尊貴,光芒閃爍(shuo)。
飛來峰:45.00元(yuan),靈隱寺:30.00元(yuan)。
1. 進入靈(ling)隱寺必(bi)須先購(gou)買飛來峰景(jing)區門票(piao)。
2. 早上05:30以前進入(ru)飛來峰景區免(mian)票。
3.無學生票。
停(ting)止(zhi)售票時間:17:30 ;停(ting)止(zhi)檢票時間:17:45 。
1.火車到杭州城站(zhan)火車站(zhan),然后坐Y2路公交車去靈隱,票價3元。
2.市內有公車:7、807、游(you)1、2、4路(lu),靈(ling)隱(yin)站下。
07:00~18:15 。
佛誕(dan)節日、朔望、國定節假日,早(zao)上提前30分(fen)鐘開門。
靈隱寺是在清末重建基礎上陸續修復再建的靈隱景區總體占地面積約2577000平方米 。靈隱寺布局與江南寺院格局大致相仿,全寺建筑中軸線上依次為天王殿、大雄寶殿、藥師殿三大殿。靈(ling)隱(yin)寺在(zai)飛來峰與(yu)北高峰之(zhi)間靈(ling)隱(yin)山麓(lu)中,兩(liang)峰挾峙,林木聳(song)秀由(you)來,深山古寺,云煙萬狀。
靈隱寺(si)建于東晉咸(xian)和元年(326年)。
梁武帝(di)(di)天監三年(504年),蕭衍下(xia)詔“舍道歸(gui)佛(fo)”,將(jiang)佛(fo)教奉為國教,隨即大(da)興土木,建(jian)寺立塔,靈(ling)隱寺得(de)到梁武帝(di)(di)的(de)青(qing)睞,賜(si)田擴建(jian),規模粗具,香火漸盛。北周(zhou)武帝(di)(di)年間(561-578年),一(yi)度宣布廢佛(fo),并下(xia)令僧(seng)徒還(huan)(huan)俗(su),焚燒(shao)法器佛(fo)典,將(jiang)寺廟充作(zuo)公產,此次法難稱為北周(zhou)武帝(di)(di)滅佛(fo)。這(zhe)次法難對北方(fang)寺院打(da)擊很大(da),南(nan)方(fang)寺院稍好。有些(xie)膽小的(de)僧(seng)人,風聞法難之聲(sheng),便(bian)悄(qiao)(qiao)悄(qiao)(qiao)溜走,還(huan)(huan)俗(su)的(de)還(huan)(huan)俗(su),隱居的(de)隱居,致(zhi)使靈(ling)隱寺陷入(ru)冷落荒(huang)寂之中(zhong)。
隋文(wen)帝仁壽(shou)二年(nian)(602年(nian)),隋文(wen)帝恢復佛教,派(pai)僧人(ren)慧誕法(fa)師來(lai)杭(hang)弘(hong)揚佛法(fa)。在靈隱寺前飛來(lai)峰(feng)(feng)與蓮花峰(feng)(feng)間棧道(dao)建神尼舍(she)利塔(后傾圮(pi))。
唐(tang)武宗會昌五年(845年),發(fa)生了佛(fo)教史上再(zai)一次大規模的“會昌法難”事件。武宗力主排佛(fo)廢佛(fo)并禁佛(fo)。靈隱(yin)寺(si)(si)噩(e)運難逃,寺(si)(si)毀僧散(san),寺(si)(si)廟(miao)內的鐘聲冷(leng)冷(leng)清(qing)清(qing),煙火熄滅。
吳越王(wang)錢(qian)繆時(shi)期的摩崖石刻(ke)、佛像(xiang)塑造、佛經(jing)雕(diao)刻(ke)特別豐富,寺(si)字園(yuan)林、佛塔經(jing)幢隨處皆有(you)。學佛習禪(chan)之人日漸增多,佛門(men)禪(chan)壇的詩詞文章(zhang)層出不窮。 后漢(han)天福(fu)十二(er)年(nian)(947年(nian)),吳越王(wang)錢(qian)弘(hong)仿曾擴建靈隱(yin)寺(si)為九(jiu)樓、十八(ba)閣(ge)、七(qi)十二(er)殿。一(yi)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)僧眾三千(qian)之多,常有(you)異(yi)邦僧侶前來(lai)取經(jing)。 后周顯德(de)七(qi)年(nian)(960年(nian)),吳越王(wang)錢(qian)弘(hong)從奉化請來(lai)高(gao)僧延壽主(zhu)持靈隱(yin)寺(si),新建僧舍五百余(yu)間(jian)(jian),建石幢二(er)座(zuo)。東建百尺彌勒閣(ge),西(xi)有(you)祇(zhi)園(yuan),共有(you)殿宇(yu)房舍一(yi)千(qian)三百余(yu)間(jian)(jian),廊(lang)廡曲折縈(ying)回(hui),自山門(men)左右連接方(fang)丈,稱寺(si)為"靈隱(yin)新寺(si)"。
宋真宗(zong)(zong)景(jing)(jing)德(de)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1007年(nian)(nian)(nian)),改(gai)靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)為(wei)靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)山景(jing)(jing)德(de)寺(si)(si)。 真宗(zong)(zong)天(tian)(tian)禧(xi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1021年(nian)(nian)(nian)),賜名"景(jing)(jing)德(de)靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)禪寺(si)(si)"。 天(tian)(tian)圣八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1030年(nian)(nian)(nian)),因靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)齋僧施粥的需要(yao),將位于杭州(zhou)、秀州(zhou)(今(jin)嘉興)兩(liang)地良田一萬三千余畝,賜與(yu)靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)作為(wei)廟產。 景(jing)(jing)祐二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1035年(nian)(nian)(nian)),住(zhu)持延珊將鑿制(zhi)于開(kai)寶二年(nian)(nian)(nian)(969年(nian)(nian)(nian))置于吳(wu)越(yue)王家廟奉先寺(si)(si)(現已廢)的經(jing)(jing)幢兩(liang)座移至靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)天(tian)(tian)王殿前。 皇佑元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)1049年(nian)(nian)(nian))賜御(yu)繡《觀音心經(jing)(jing)》二卷、《回(hui)鑾碑》及飛白(bai)黃羅(luo)扇等(deng)御(yu)用之物。 慶歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)間,丞相韓琦、參政歐陽修等(deng)奏賜契嵩(song)所著書《傳法(fa)(fa)正(zheng)宗(zong)(zong)定祖圖》、《傳法(fa)(fa)正(zheng)宗(zong)(zong)記》、《傳法(fa)(fa)正(zheng)宗(zong)(zong)論》三書(合稱《嘉佑集》)和(he)《輔教(jiao)篇》等(deng)入(ru)藏。宋仁宗(zong)(zong)準奏下旨傳法(fa)(fa)院編入(ru)《藏經(jing)(jing)》,并賜契嵩(song)“明教(jiao)大師(shi)”的稱號。自此之后,靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)名聞遐邇(er),海內外佛教(jiao)信徒(tu)紛紛前來探求佛法(fa)(fa)。當時(shi)的靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)已成天(tian)(tian)下禪宗(zong)(zong)圣地。
紹興(xing)五年(nian)(nian)(1135年(nian)(nian))將靈(ling)(ling)(ling)隱寺(si)(si)改(gai)為(wei)“靈(ling)(ling)(ling)隱寺(si)(si)崇恩(en)顯親(qin)禪(chan)寺(si)(si)”。高宗和孝宗時(shi)常(chang)到(dao)靈(ling)(ling)(ling)隱寺(si)(si)進香,閑暇之際,揮灑翰墨。宋(song)理(li)宗把顯親(qin)禪(chan)寺(si)(si)原(yuan)有的大雄(xiong)寶殿改(gai)名為(wei)“覺(jue)皇殿”,另外賜(si)書“妙莊嚴域”四(si)字。 乾(qian)道八年(nian)(nian)(1172年(nian)(nian)),宋(song)孝宗親(qin)臨靈(ling)(ling)(ling)隱,宣慧遠奏對(dui),又(you)賜(si)號(hao)“瞎(xia)堂(tang)禪(chan)師(shi)”,改(gai)法堂(tang)名為(wei)“直指(zhi)堂(tang)”,又(you)賜(si)瞎(xia)堂(tang)禪(chan)師(shi)“直指(zhi)堂(tang)”印。 紹興(xing)二十八年(nian)(nian)(1158年(nian)(nian)),靈(ling)(ling)(ling)隱寺(si)(si)仿凈(jing)慈(ci)寺(si)(si)建"田(tian)字殿",塑五百羅(luo)漢。
元武宗至(zhi)大(da)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1308年(nian)(nian)(nian)),宋理宗賜號的"覺皇殿"蠹朽(xiu)傾頹(tui),重(zhong)修(xiu),歷時四年(nian)(nian)(nian),于(yu)(yu)元仁宗皇慶元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1312年(nian)(nian)(nian))竣工落成。 元順帝(di)至(zhi)正(zheng)十九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1359年(nian)(nian)(nian)),寺(si)毀于(yu)(yu)兵火(huo),損失(shi)慘重(zhong),盡管住(zhu)持輔(fu)良(liang)于(yu)(yu)至(zhi)正(zheng)二十三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1363年(nian)(nian)(nian))重(zhong)修(xiu),但(dan)僅建了方丈室與伽藍堂,靈隱(yin)寺(si)的盛況已不再。
洪武(wu)(wu)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1370年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),明(ming)太(tai)祖把靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)(si)住持(chi)見心(xin)來復召京說法(fa)(fa),轟動朝野,四眾歸敬(jing)。明(ming)太(tai)祖親封他(ta)為(wei)(wei)"十(shi)大(da)高(gao)僧(seng)"之一(yi)(yi)(yi),授以(yi)金襤袈裟(sha),并命他(ta)撰(zhuan)"正心(xin)"、"崇本"、"觀(guan)道(dao)"、"敬(jing)賢"四箴。 明(ming)代初創之時(shi),崇尚佛法(fa)(fa),不久,就以(yi)整頓為(wei)(wei)名(ming),對各寺(si)(si)(si)廟采取種種限制(zhi)措施。靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)(si)僧(seng)十(shi)日(ri)"法(fa)(fa)難(nan)(nan)"慘劇再一(yi)(yi)(yi)次降臨(lin),便主(zhu)動把宋時(shi)朝廷所(suo)(suo)賜(si)(si)的杭、秀(今嘉興)兩州廟田一(yi)(yi)(yi)萬三(san)千畝交還(huan)朝廷,以(yi)免(mian)滅頂之災(zai)(zai)。靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)(si)僧(seng)的這種做法(fa)(fa),深(shen)得明(ming)太(tai)祖賞識,所(suo)(suo)以(yi)他(ta)把其中的部分(fen)田地賜(si)(si)還(huan)給(gei)靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)(si)。洪武(wu)(wu)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1370年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)(si)失(shi)火(huo),損(sun)失(shi)較重(zhong)。 洪武(wu)(wu)十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1384年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),住持(chi)慧明(ming)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)了覺皇殿(dian),改寺(si)(si)(si)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)"靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)(yin)禪(chan)寺(si)(si)(si)"。因一(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)資金不足(zu),佛殿(dian)內的佛像直(zhi)到(dao)永樂(le)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1403年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))才(cai)增塑(su)完畢,由(you)(you)僧(seng)善才(cai)募施裝修大(da)佛諸天及諸供具。覺皇殿(dian)多(duo)災(zai)(zai)多(duo)難(nan)(nan),至宣德五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1430年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))再次毀(hui)于(yu)火(huo)災(zai)(zai)。 宣德七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1432年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),由(you)(you)住持(chi)曇纘建(jian)(jian)左(zuo)右(you)翼門和面(mian)壁軒,繼由(you)(you)住持(chi)良階重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)覺皇殿(dian)。 正統十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1446年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),寺(si)(si)(si)僧(seng)弦理(li)建(jian)(jian)直(zhi)指(zhi)堂(tang),堂(tang)額為(wei)(wei)張即之所(suo)(suo)書。這時(shi),寺(si)(si)(si)內已恢復建(jian)(jian)有(you)彌勒閣(ge)、蓮峰閣(ge)、千佛殿(dian)、延(yan)賓(bin)水閣(ge)、望海(hai)閣(ge)及白云庵、松源庵等,稍(shao)具舊(jiu)時(shi)規模。 隆(long)慶三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1569年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)(si)全寺(si)(si)(si)均毀(hui)于(yu)雷火(huo),僅(jin)剩直(zhi)指(zhi)堂(tang)。 萬歷(li)(li)(li)十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1583年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))冬開(kai)始重(zhong)修靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)(si),歷(li)(li)(li)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)而成。大(da)殿(dian)仿唐而建(jian)(jian),用平頭柱(zhu)四十(shi)八,石柱(zhu)十(shi)六,改覺皇殿(dian)為(wei)(wei)"大(da)雄寶殿(dian)"。 萬歷(li)(li)(li)十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1590年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)理(li)公塔,并在(zai)正殿(dian)塑(su)五百羅漢(han)涌壁。在(zai)彌勒閣(ge)舊(jiu)址建(jian)(jian)三(san)藏殿(dian),其后為(wei)(wei)直(zhi)指(zhi)堂(tang)、方丈室(shi)。方丈室(shi)左(zuo)為(wei)(wei)妙應閣(ge),右(you)為(wei)(wei)選佛齋,張瀚為(wei)(wei)之撰(zhuan)記。 崇禎(zhen)十(shi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1640年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))靈(ling)(ling)隱(yin)(yin)寺(si)(si)(si)遭災(zai)(zai)禍,全寺(si)(si)(si)失(shi)慎于(yu)火(huo),除大(da)殿(dian)、直(zhi)指(zhi)堂(tang)等殿(dian)幸免(mian)于(yu)難(nan)(nan)外,其余悉付(fu)祝融之口(kou)。
清康(kang)(kang)熙二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1689年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),康(kang)(kang)熙帝(di)南巡(xun)杭州(zhou)(zhou)時,駕幸(xing)靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)寺(si)。當時的住(zhu)持是諦(di)(di)暉(hui),請(qing)康(kang)(kang)熙皇帝(di)題一塊匾額。康(kang)(kang)熙親(qin)書"云林"二(er)字,靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)寺(si)遂改名為(wei)"云林禪寺(si)"。之后(hou),康(kang)(kang)熙皇帝(di)在三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1699年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1703年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1705年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))又(you)三(san)至靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin),均有記游(you)詩(shi)文(wen)留下。 乾(qian)隆(long)(long)初年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),住(zhu)持巨(ju)(ju)濤(tao)嗣法諦(di)(di)暉(hui),博涉群(qun)書,于(yu)(yu)佛學造詣頗深,為(wei)朝(chao)野所(suo)重(zhong)。當時光祿少(shao)卿揚州(zhou)(zhou)汪應庚來游(you)靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin),與(yu)(yu)巨(ju)(ju)濤(tao)一見如故(gu),捐(juan)資重(zhong)修(xiu)(xiu)大(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)其他(ta)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)、堂、閣、軒(xuan)、樓、亭等數十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)處,又(you)補飾五(wu)(wu)百羅(luo)漢,修(xiu)(xiu)理合澗(jian)橋、龍泓洞、鷲峰(feng)徑等,總計費用二(er)萬(wan)余(yu)兩銀(yin)子。從(cong)乾(qian)隆(long)(long)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1741年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)至乾(qian)隆(long)(long)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1744年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue),歷時三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。 乾(qian)隆(long)(long)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間,乾(qian)隆(long)(long)帝(di)分別在乾(qian)隆(long)(long)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1751年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1757年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1762年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1765年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1780年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))、四十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1784年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))六(liu)次(ci)(ci)駕幸(xing)靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin),都留有詩(shi)文(wen)刊刻(ke)于(yu)(yu)石。 嘉慶二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(816年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))秋(qiu),靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)寺(si)毀于(yu)(yu)火災。這次(ci)(ci)的修(xiu)(xiu)復工程,自清道光三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1823年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))七(qi)月(yue)七(qi)日(ri)始,至道光八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1828年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))四月(yue)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)日(ri)止,共計用銀(yin)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)萬(wan)七(qi)千余(yu)兩,使得靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)"還靈(ling)鷲之壯觀,復名山(shan)之勝景"。 道光十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1834年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),阮元(yuan)為(wei)浙江巡(xun)撫,對(dui)靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)關照有加(jia)。他(ta)主持刻(ke)朱熹、翁方(fang)綱等集成,議(yi)藏靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin),故(gu)建了"靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)書藏"。 咸豐十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1860年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),太平軍入杭州(zhou)(zhou),大(da)(da)多(duo)寺(si)宇被(bei)毀,靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)寺(si)僅(jin)存天王殿(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)(yu)羅(luo)漢堂。靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)書藏中的珍貴藏物(wu)大(da)(da)量(liang)流(liu)入民間乃至湮沒(mei)。 宣(xuan)統二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1910年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),昔征(zheng)重(zhong)建大(da)(da)雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)(dian)(dian),高(gao)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)丈五(wu)(wu)尺(chi)。建殿(dian)(dian)(dian)木料是清廷(ting)從(cong)美洲購買而(er)得,原系修(xiu)(xiu)繕(shan)頤和園的,因時局(ju)不穩,無法整修(xiu)(xiu),故(gu)而(er)南運(yun)杭州(zhou)(zhou),修(xiu)(xiu)建靈(ling)隱(yin)(yin)(yin)(yin)。
民國六年(nian)(1917年(nian)),建大悲閣。 民國廿五年(nian)(1936年(nian))冬,羅漢堂(tang)失(shi)火被(bei)(bei)毀,前代所遺之(zhi)物,僅存天王殿中的木(mu)刻(ke)韋(wei)馱(tuo)像。 民國廿六(1937年(nian))十一(yi)月,日本侵略軍進入杭州,靈隱寺內的客堂(tang)、伽藍殿、梵(fan)香閣及東山門,因夜半失(shi)戒于(yu)火而被(bei)(bei)毀。
解放之后,由于靈(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)大(da)殿遭受白蟻蝕蛀,大(da)殿正中部分倒塌(ta),佛(fo)像被壓毀。1952年(nian)(nian)夏,由民政廳組成"杭州市靈(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)大(da)雄寶(bao)殿修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)"主持(chi)(chi)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復工(gong)作,由政府撥款,經(jing)(jing)兩(liang)年(nian)(nian)多(duo)時(shi)間,大(da)殿竣工(gong)。1975年(nian)(nian),經(jing)(jing)國(guo)務院(yuan)(yuan)批準,于當年(nian)(nian)11月(yue)開(kai)始進行全面(mian)整修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),共(gong)耗資130余萬元。寺(si)(si)內佛(fo)像全部貼金,石(shi)塔與經(jing)(jing)幢等(deng)進行保護性整修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),并(bing)對飛來峰造像進行修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)補。這(zhe)項修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復工(gong)程于1980年(nian)(nian)結束。 1982年(nian)(nian),實(shi)(shi)行"雙軌制(zhi)(zhi)",對外有"十(shi)方(fang)(fang)叢林制(zhi)(zhi)",內部實(shi)(shi)行民主管理,成立寺(si)(si)廟管理委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui)。經(jing)(jing)費來源(yuan)方(fang)(fang)面(mian),通過實(shi)(shi)行"門票制(zhi)(zhi)"(香花券)。 1987年(nian)(nian)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)的《靈(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)總體(ti)規劃(hua)》(即十(shi)年(nian)(nian)規劃(hua)),在(zai)杭州市佛(fo)教協會(hui)支持(chi)(chi)下,監院(yuan)(yuan)根源(yuan)、繼云、體(ti)嚴率兩(liang)序大(da)眾(zhong),并(bing)得到海內外眾(zhong)多(duo)佛(fo)弟(di)子的護持(chi)(chi)與關心,全面(mian)整修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)了大(da)雄寶(bao)殿,將(jiang)佛(fo)像進行了重新貼金工(gong)作。 1998年(nian)(nian),木魚法(fa)師出任靈(ling)隱(yin)寺(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)丈,他引領(ling)一些(xie)有才識(shi)的僧眾(zhong)骨(gu)干(gan),充分發揮佛(fo)教的優良(liang)傳統,按"伽(jia)藍規制(zhi)(zhi)",縱深布(bu)局,完(wan)善古剎的莊(zhuang)嚴氛圍,重建(jian)了藏經(jing)(jing)樓。
2013年5月3日,靈(ling)隱寺石塔和經幢西(xi)湖被國(guo)務院核(he)定為(wei)第七批(pi)全國(guo)重點文物保護單位(wei)。
2014年1月9日,國家宗教事務(wu)局辦(ban)公室發布了《國家宗教事務(wu)局關于(yu)進(jin)一步推(tui)動文明敬香(xiang)、建設生態寺(si)廟工作通知》,其中就(jiu)提(ti)出了規(gui)范加大文物保護力度(du),規(gui)范燒香(xiang)行(xing)為。從2014年開始,杭州市提(ti)出了“文明敬香(xiang)”的倡導,靈(ling)隱寺(si)內(nei)不再出售明火類香(xiang)燭,改為贈(zeng)送三支清香(xiang)。
2015年(nian),靈隱(yin)寺(si)在(zai)進門和出口(kou)(kou)安裝了電子計數器(qi),能(neng)夠實時監(jian)測寺(si)廟游客數量,一旦寺(si)廟里(li)超過5萬(wan)人(ren),就會減(jian)緩門票的出售速(su)度,以保證正常游覽秩序(xu)。寺(si)廟內大殿外還會設(she)置“回”字型的入(ru)口(kou)(kou),以便(bian)控制各大殿內游客的人(ren)數。
2020年11月6日,被(bei)應急管(guan)理部表彰(zhang)為(wei)第五屆全國119消(xiao)防先進集(ji)體榮譽稱號。