法喜寺(si)(si)建筑雄(xiong)偉,布局莊嚴。寺(si)(si)內殿堂很多,除大(da)殿外(wai),有肅(su)儀亭、夜講堂、白云堂、兩峰堂、雪坡軒等。寺(si)(si)四周(zhou)有白云峰、白云泉、乳竇峰、乳竇泉等名(ming)勝。白云峰的白云茶曾(ceng)是南宋(song)(song)歲(sui)貢的西湖名(ming)茶。宋(song)(song)元(yuan)(yuan)祐中,蘇東坡出(chu)任(ren)杭州知府,曾(ceng)數次來游,留下《雨中游天竺(zhu)靈感觀音院》等詩篇。宋(song)(song)朱熹、呂祖謙、戴復古,元(yuan)(yuan)趙(zhao)孟(meng)、倪(ni)瓚等均有游上天竺(zhu)詩。宋(song)(song)代抗金(jin)英雄(xiong)岳飛(fei)的《歸(gui)赴行在過上天竺(zhu)寺(si)(si)偶題(ti)》詩篇更(geng)是氣壯山(shan)河,令人(ren)感奮。現(xian)寺(si)(si)中有大(da)殿和齋、客(ke)堂等輔助(zhu)用房,鑄5噸半重的大(da)銅鐘,并(bing)在重建天王殿和后(hou)殿 。
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乘(cheng)坐(zuo)121/324M/103/1314/508H路假日(龍井數字(zi)專(zhuan)線)等公(gong)交車,在上天竺公(gong)交站(zhan)下車,步行300多米抵達
1、最好(hao)是在每月的初一、十五去比較(jiao)好(hao),無法控制就看機緣,隨性而(er)去;
2、禮佛前(qian)沐浴更衣(yi),有條件焚香冥想更好(hao),建議當天吃素;
3、去寺廟不(bu)要(yao)穿暴(bao)露(lu)的衣服,素(su)色為宜,女生穿褲子(zi)更方便;
4、不要踩寺廟(miao)門檻,女跨右腳,男(nan)跨左(zuo)腳;
5、許愿心靜、誠實;
6、不要拍佛(fo)像。
由于宋(song)真宗(zong)崇佛(fo)道(dao),繼而宋(song)仁(ren)宗(zong)推崇佛(fo)教,因此(ci),當時杭州官(guan)如蘇(su)軾、蔡襄、沈文通等均與杭州佛(fo)門密切交往,也(ye)使(shi)靈(ling)竺趨(qu)于興盛(sheng)。宋(song)仁(ren)宗(zong)天(tian)(tian)圣初年(nian)(1023年(nian))有(you)銑和尚在白云(yun)峰、獅子峰之間建(jian)觀音(yin)殿(dian),一時香火甚盛(sheng),“眾山環拱,煙云(yun)瓢渺(miao),時聞鐘聲,恍(huang)然天(tian)(tian)官(guan)”。皇(huang)佑元(yuan)年(nian)(1049年(nian)),宋(song)仁(ren)宗(zong)曾(ceng)將秘典5330卷賜予看經院(yuan),作為(wei)(wei)教藏,為(wei)(wei)此(ci)專(zhuan)門造(zao)了藏經殿(dian)。至嘉佑中(1059-1060年(nian)),杭州郡守(shou)(shou)沈文通認為(wei)(wei)“觀音(yin)以聲音(yin)宣佛(fo)力,非禪那所居”,提出(chu)“以教易(yi)禪”,將禪寺(si)改為(wei)(wei)教寺(si),并命寺(si)僧辯才(即元(yuan)凈)主持筑室(shi),殿(dian)加重檐,宋(song)仁(ren)宗(zong)親書“靈(ling)感觀音(yin)院(yuan)”寺(si)額。至治平中(1065年(nian)前后(hou))蔡襄守(shou)(shou)郡,由宰相曾(ceng)公亮出(chu)資修建(jian)寺(si)皖,并將其所贈佛(fo)經5230卷藏于院(yuan)之西廡(wu)。元(yuan)符三年(nian)(1100年(nian))十六觀堂落成。
宋(song)(song)室南(nan)(nan)遷后,金兵于(yu)建(jian)(jian)炎四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1130年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))入侵杭城。當時(shi)金兀術(shu)(即完顏宗(zong)弼)曾(ceng)謁上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu),得咒(zhou)觀音像(xiang)始末,遂將(jiang)觀音像(xiang)及大藏(zang)經載于(yu)轎車(che)內運往(wang)北方,寺僧(seng)智完率弟子(zi)跟隨至燕京西南(nan)(nan)五(wu)里的玉河(he)鄉建(jian)(jian)寺供奉(feng)。紹(shao)(shao)興二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1132年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),宋(song)(song)高(gao)宗(zong)命住(zhu)持惟日建(jian)(jian)藏(zang)經樓和應真閣,并(bing)于(yu)紹(shao)(shao)興五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)親臨進香(xiang)。隆興二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1164年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),宋(song)(song)孝宗(zong)又命臨安(an)(an)府尹曹澄督建(jian)(jian)五(wu)百羅(luo)漢(han)堂。干道元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1165年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))二(er)月,宋(song)(song)孝宗(zong)專門召見上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)住(zhu)持若納,并(bing)封為“右街僧(seng)竺(zhu)(zhu)”,后又封“左街僧(seng)竺(zhu)(zhu)”,賜(si)“白云(yun)堂印”,命若納管(guan)轄(xia)禪(chan)、教(jiao)、律三(san)宗(zong)和江南(nan)(nan)佛(fo)教(jiao)事務,由此,上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺名(ming)重京師。干道三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1167年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),宋(song)(song)孝宗(zong)還視往(wang)察看(kan),賜(si)絹錢二(er)萬,命重建(jian)(jian)十(shi)六觀堂。至干道八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1172年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))二(er)月又下詔重修寺院,改(gai)(gai)院為寺,御書“法輪寶(bao)藏(zang)”額,將(jiang)曰月珠、鬼谷珠,貓眼(yan)等內宮(gong)珠寶(bao)賜(si)予該院。淳熙(xi)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1174年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))又將(jiang)福州印造的藏(zang)經500函賜(si)藏(zang)該院。翌年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),宋(song)(song)孝宗(zong)到上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)進香(xiang),正式改(gai)(gai)院為“靈感觀音講(jiang)寺”。當時(shi),凡帝(di)王上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)山(shan)進香(xiang)都(dou)在白云(yun)堂進齋。至宋(song)(song)寧宗(zong)慶元(yuan)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1197年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))改(gai)(gai)名(ming)為“天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)教(jiao)寺”,評定為教(jiao)寺“五(wu)山(shan)之首”。凡高(gao)麗等國(guo)(guo)使者僧(seng)人來朝,都(dou)至上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)交驗(yan)書牒并(bing)予接待。開禧(xi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(l206年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))七月燈火成災,十(shi)六觀堂被毀,住(zhu)持妙蛙竭力(li)營(ying)建(jian)(jian),一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)完工(gong)。南(nan)(nan)宋(song)(song)后期,上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)菩(pu)薩被朝廷(ting)奉(feng)為“治國(guo)(guo)安(an)(an)邦”的主宰。宋(song)(song)理(li)宗(zong)趙昀(yun)在《天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)靈感觀音大士(shi)贊》中稱:“神通(tong)至妙兮(xi)隱(yin)顯莫測,功(gong)德(de)無(wu)邊兮(xi)應感奚速。時(shi)和歲(sui)豐(feng)兮(xi)豐(feng)佑我民,兵寢刑措兮(xi)康此王國(guo)(guo)。”
宋末(mo)咸淳二(er)年(nian)(1266年(nian)),寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)盡(jin)毀,于五(wu)年(nian)由(you)寺(si)僧慶思募建(jian),乃改為“天竺(zhu)(zhu)教寺(si)”,至元末(mo)時,上(shang)(shang)天竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)又毀,直至明洪武十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)(1382年(nian)),高僧宗泐入京任僧侶左(zuo)善世師(shi),奏請重建(jian);明太祖遂下(xia)旨建(jian)觀(guan)(guan)音菩薩殿,并(bing)下(xia)令杭城駐軍停操二(er)月為建(jian)寺(si)搬(ban)運磚木。明正統(tong)十(shi)年(nian)(1445年(nian))明英宗朱(zhu)祁(qi)鎮將本山《北藏(zang)經(jing)(jing)》5048卷(juan)賜藏(zang)該寺(si)左(zuo)右,同時附有《護藏(zang)敕諭》一(yi)道。在明朝統(tong)治(zhi)二(er)百七十(shi)余年(nian)間,上(shang)(shang)天竺(zhu)(zhu)完全(quan)靠僧人募化等(deng)辦法(fa)整修寺(si)院(yuan)(yuan)。清朝前期,清帝信奉觀(guan)(guan)音大士(shi)“奇術妙相”、“靈感顯應”,對(dui)天竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)恩寵有加。康熙玄(xuan)燁,六巡江(jiang)南,五(wu)到(dao)上(shang)(shang)天竺(zhu)(zhu)。康熙五(wu)年(nian)(1666年(nian))發(fa)朝廷內庫“重為周色(se)(se)”,并(bing)賜《金書(shu)尊經(jing)(jing)》,官員們盛贊此舉使“湖(hu)山動色(se)(se),草木回光,美哉(zai)圣乎!”玄(xuan)燁先(xian)后賜御書(shu)《金剛經(jing)(jing)》石刻一(yi)部(bu)、御書(shu)“法(fa)雨慈云”匾額(e)、金字《心經(jing)(jing)》、墨刻《藥師(shi)經(jing)(jing)》、御制(zhi)《重修上(shang)(shang)天竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)碑記》等(deng)。
乾(qian)隆十(shi)六年(nian)(1751年(nian))三(san)月,弘(hong)歷初到南巡(xun)進(jin)兩(liang)到上天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu),除(chu)題(ti)詩外(wai),并(bing)定名上天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu)寺(si)為“法喜寺(si)”,御書(shu)寺(si)額和“寶陀飛(fei)觀(guan)”、“普(pu)甘露門”等匾額,題(ti)寫(xie)柱(zhu)聯有:“繞座法輪明寶月,盈階甘雨散花天(tian)(tian)。”此后,他每到上天(tian)(tian)竺(zhu)(zhu),必有賞賜(si)或有卸書(shu)題(ti)字,先(xian)后該(gai)觀(guan)音像、佛像,石(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)《蓮(lian)華(hua)經》,御書(shu)《華(hua)嚴經》、《蘭(lan)亭圖(tu)石(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)手(shou)(shou)卷》,并(bing)題(ti)寫(xie)“色(se)空不二”、“印真(zhen)闡諦”匾額等,他手(shou)(shou)書(shu)的《千手(shou)(shou)千眼觀(guan)世音大(da)悲(bei)心陀羅(luo)尼經》石(shi)(shi)刻(ke)(ke)一冊曾刻(ke)(ke)石(shi)(shi)19塊嵌于法喜寺(si)羅(luo)漢大(da)士殿。
正是(shi)由于(yu)朝廷的(de)提倡和眾多佛徒(tu)信眾對“觀(guan)音(yin)靈驗(yan)”的(de)信奉,故(gu)明清時,浙江(jiang)蘇南各地的(de)鄉民村姑都(dou)紛紛來(lai)(lai)天竺(zhu)進香(xiang),成為(wei)每年一度的(de)“香(xiang)市”。據(ju)《武林舊事》、《仁和懸志》稱:“方(fang)奉時,鄉民扶(fu)老攜幼(you),焚(fen)香(xiang)頂禮大士(shi)(shi)(shi),以祝豐年,香(xiang)車寶馬(ma),絡繹于(yu)道,更有自(zi)遠方(fang)負擔(dan)而來(lai)(lai)者,名曰(yue)香(xiang)客。凡自(zi)普陀(tuo)院回向,未(wei)有不至(zhi)此者。”“二月十(shi)九日為(wei)觀(guan)音(yin)大士(shi)(shi)(shi)誕辰,三吳浙東士(shi)(shi)(shi)民,齋至(zhi)藝香(xiang),舟(zhou)車絡繹,晝(zhou)夜(ye)不絕(jue)。”每年新年剛過,“春服既成”,而養蠶尚早(zao),于(yu)是(shi)“銜舟(zhou)打(da)槳,進香(xiang)天竺(zhu),結舫為(wei)鄰,棲至(zhi)于(yu)此”。每逢香(xiang)市自(zi)武林門、松木場(chang)、經昭(zhao)訂(ding)寺到天竺(zhu),沿途擺滿各種貨攤,販賣各種用具、土產、玩(wan)具等,為(wei)時一月有余(yu),延綿數(shu)里,道為(wei)之塞。“天竺(zhu)香(xiang)市”被(bei)列為(wei)“十(shi)八景(jing)之一”,直至(zhi)1949年前,三竺(zhu)路旁仍建(jian)有相連平房(fang)供香(xiang)客宿夜(ye)。50年代后開始(shi)衰落,70年代末開始(shi)重又興盛。
“文革”期間,法喜(xi)(xi)寺(si)(si)亦遭劫難。改革開(kai)放後,杭州市政府把(ba)天(tian)(tian)竺三(san)寺(si)(si)列為(wei)西湖風景區(qu)名勝發展項目,法喜(xi)(xi)寺(si)(si)又喜(xi)(xi)逢(feng)佛緣(yuan)盛世。在國內外十方大德賢士支持下,寺(si)(si)院(yuan)煥發新彩。重修後的法喜(xi)(xi)寺(si)(si)現有(you)(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)王殿、圓通殿、大雄寶(bao)殿、齋堂、客(ke)房、山門等主要建筑(zhu)。尤其是大雄寶(bao)殿的五百(bai)羅漢山,其雕塑(su)造(zao)型藝(yi)術(shu)融全國各(ge)地寺(si)(si)院(yuan)五百(bai)羅漢造(zao)像(xiang)風格。寺(si)(si)內還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)生長歷史已有(you)(you)(you)五百(bai)多年(nian)的古(gu)玉蘭(lan)和(he)方竹,其中古(gu)玉蘭(lan)只每年(nian)二月(yue)十二開(kai)花(hua),二月(yue)二十即凋謝,開(kai)花(hua)期僅八天(tian)(tian),故爾有(you)(you)(you)緣(yuan)睹(du)其花(hua)者甚為(wei)難得。