中國(guo)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)黨(dang)成(cheng)立后(hou),對中國(guo)革命的(de)(de)(de)(de)性質、對象、動力和(he)前途等基本問題(ti)進行(xing)了(le)積極的(de)(de)(de)(de)探索(suo)。在(zai)列寧和(he)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)國(guo)際的(de)(de)(de)(de)指導(dao)、幫助(zhu)下,中國(guo)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)黨(dang)第二次全國(guo)代表大會(hui)提(ti)出黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)低綱領(現階段反(fan)帝反(fan)封建的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)革命綱領)和(he)最(zui)高綱領(最(zui)終奮斗目(mu)標(biao)),通過了(le)《關于“民(min)(min)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)合(he)戰線(xian)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)議決(jue)案》。中共(gong)(gong)西湖會(hui)議決(jue)定在(zai)孫(sun)中山改組國(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)條件下,由共(gong)(gong)產(chan)黨(dang)少(shao)數負責人(ren)先加入(ru)國(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang),同(tong)時勸說全體共(gong)(gong)產(chan)黨(dang)員以個人(ren)名義加入(ru)國(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)。
在中國(guo)共產黨的(de)(de)領導和(he)組織(zhi)下,第一次工(gong)人運(yun)動高潮出現,充分(fen)顯示(shi)了新登上政治舞(wu)臺的(de)(de)工(gong)人階(jie)級(ji)的(de)(de)偉(wei)大力量,但在帝國(guo)主義(yi)和(he)軍(jun)閥的(de)(de)殘(can)酷鎮壓(ya)下,工(gong)人運(yun)動遭受了嚴重的(de)(de)挫折。血的(de)(de)教訓使共產黨人認識到:工(gong)人階(jie)級(ji)必須聯合其他(ta)階(jie)級(ji)共同奮斗,結(jie)成廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)革命(ming)統一戰線,才能最終(zhong)取得革命(ming)的(de)(de)勝利。
中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)主革(ge)命(ming)的(de)偉大先(xian)行(xing)者孫中(zhong)山先(xian)生,在經(jing)歷了袁世凱篡奪辛(xin)亥革(ge)命(ming)果實、護國(guo)(guo)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)和(he)(he)護法運動(dong)(dong)(dong)失敗及陳炯明的(de)武裝叛(pan)亂后(hou),思想產生重(zhong)大的(de)轉變,重(zhong)新(xin)尋找革(ge)命(ming)出路,表示愿意接受蘇俄政府(fu)和(he)(he)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共產黨的(de)幫助,改組國(guo)(guo)民(min)黨,贊(zan)成(cheng)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)民(min)黨與中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共產黨進行(xing)黨內合作,共同開(kai)展(zhan)國(guo)(guo)民(min)革(ge)命(ming)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)。
1923年(nian),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)黨(dang)(dang)在廣(guang)州(zhou)召開第三次全國(guo)(guo)(guo)代(dai)表(biao)大會,正式決定同孫(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)山領導的國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)合作(zuo),建立(li)革命統一戰線。會上(shang)確(que)定了合作(zuo)方針:共(gong)產(chan)黨(dang)(dang)員(yuan)以個人(ren)身份加入國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang),同時保持共(gong)產(chan)黨(dang)(dang)在政治上(shang)、思(si)想(xiang)上(shang)和組(zu)織(zhi)上(shang)的獨立(li)性;幫助(zhu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)改(gai)組(zu)成為工人(ren)階級、農民(min)(min)階級、城市小資產(chan)階級和民(min)(min)族資產(chan)階級聯盟的政黨(dang)(dang)。
1923年6月(yue)12日至(zhi)20日,中國(guo)共產黨第(di)三次(ci)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)大會(hui)在廣州東(dong)山恤孤院(yuan)31號(hao)(現恤孤院(yuan)路3號(hao))召開。陳(chen)獨秀、李大釗、毛澤東(dong)、蔡和森、陳(chen)潭(tan)秋、惲(yun)代(dai)英(ying)、瞿秋白、張(zhang)國(guo)燾(dao)、李立(li)三、項英(ying)等來自(zi)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)各地及莫斯科的代(dai)表(biao)(biao)近40人出席大會(hui),他們(men)代(dai)表(biao)(biao)了全(quan)(quan)國(guo)420名黨員。共產國(guo)際代(dai)表(biao)(biao)馬(ma)林(lin)參加了會(hui)議。陳(chen)獨秀主持會(hui)議并代(dai)表(biao)(biao)第(di)二屆中央執行(xing)委員會(hui)作報告。
大(da)會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要議程(cheng)有(you)三項:一(yi)(yi)、討(tao)論(lun)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)綱(gang)草案;二(er)、討(tao)論(lun)同(tong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)線問題;三、選舉(ju)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)執行委員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)。會(hui)議的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心議題是討(tao)論(lun)與(yu)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)合作、建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。陳獨秀在(zai)報告中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),著重說(shuo)明了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)決定和(he)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依據和(he)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。代表們就共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)以個人身(shen)份加入(ru)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)、建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)線的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題進(jin)行了(le)熱烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)討(tao)論(lun)。經過(guo)(guo)討(tao)論(lun),大(da)會(hui)接受(shou)了(le)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)關于中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)同(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)進(jin)行合作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指示,通過(guo)(guo)了(le)《關于國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)運動及國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)議決案》、《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)第三次全國(guo)(guo)代表大(da)會(hui)宣(xuan)言》等文(wen)件。這些(xie)文(wen)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心思想(xiang)是,黨(dang)(dang)(dang)在(zai)現階段“應該以國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)運動為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心工(gong)作”,共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)員(yuan)(yuan)以個人身(shen)份加入(ru)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang),采取黨(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)合作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形式(shi),同(tong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)聯合戰(zhan)線,以完成反帝(di)反封(feng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)革(ge)(ge)命(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要任務(wu)。文(wen)件還規定了(le)要保(bao)持中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)在(zai)政(zheng)治(zhi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)獨立(li)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)原(yuan)則。
大會(hui)選(xuan)舉陳(chen)獨(du)秀(xiu)、蔡和(he)森、李大釗、譚平(ping)山、王(wang)荷波(bo)、毛澤東、朱少連、項英、羅(luo)章(zhang)(zhang)龍(long)等9人為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央委員,鄧培、張(zhang)連光、徐梅坤、李漢(han)俊(jun)、鄧中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)夏5人為(wei)候補中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央委員,由陳(chen)獨(du)秀(xiu)、蔡和(he)森、毛澤東、羅(luo)章(zhang)(zhang)龍(long)、譚平(ping)山(后由于譚調(diao)職,改為(wei)王(wang)荷波(bo))5人組(zu)成中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央局,陳(chen)獨(du)秀(xiu)為(wei)委員長,毛澤東為(wei)秘書,羅(luo)章(zhang)(zhang)龍(long)擔任會(hui)計,負責中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央日常(chang)工作。黨(dang)的(de)(de)三大根(gen)據馬(ma)克思(si)列寧主(zhu)義的(de)(de)策(ce)略原(yuan)則和(he)共產(chan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際的(de)(de)指示,結合中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)革(ge)命(ming)的(de)(de)具體(ti)情況,充分發揚民(min)主(zhu),在(zai)分析中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)社會(hui)矛盾(dun)和(he)明(ming)確(que)(que)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)革(ge)命(ming)性質的(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上,正確(que)(que)解決(jue)了建黨(dang)初期(qi)黨(dang)內(nei)在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)共合作問題(ti)上存在(zai)的(de)(de)重大分歧,統一了全黨(dang)的(de)(de)認識,正式確(que)(que)定了共產(chan)黨(dang)員以個(ge)人身份(fen)加入國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)黨(dang),與國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)黨(dang)進行黨(dang)內(nei)合作的(de)(de)策(ce)略方(fang)針,使黨(dang)能(neng)夠團(tuan)結一切可能(neng)聯合的(de)(de)力量,共同完成反(fan)(fan)帝反(fan)(fan)封(feng)建的(de)(de)民(min)主(zhu)革(ge)命(ming)任務。
黨(dang)的三大(da)之(zhi)后,在中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)的推動(dong)下(xia),孫中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)先(xian)生對國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民黨(dang)進(jin)行了(le)改(gai)組,確定了(le)聯俄、聯共(gong)、扶助(zhu)農(nong)工的三大(da)政(zheng)策,召(zhao)開了(le)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)合作的國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民黨(dang)第(di)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)代(dai)表大(da)會,第(di)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)合作正(zheng)式建(jian)立,全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)掀起(qi)了(le)聲勢浩大(da)、轟(hong)轟(hong)烈烈的反(fan)(fan)帝反(fan)(fan)封建(jian)的革(ge)命群眾運(yun)動(dong),勝利地(di)舉行了(le)北伐(fa)戰爭,促進(jin)了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)革(ge)命的高漲。但是,大(da)會對于無產(chan)(chan)階級領導權(quan)問題、農(nong)民問題和軍隊問題沒有(you)(you)給以應(ying)有(you)(you)的重視。黨(dang)的三大(da)結束的當天,代(dai)表們來(lai)到黃(huang)花崗烈士墓(mu)前,在瞿秋白同志(zhi)的指揮(hui)下(xia)高唱國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際歌(ge)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)第(di)三次(ci)(ci)代(dai)表大(da)會,就在雄壯有(you)(you)力的國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際歌(ge)聲中(zhong)(zhong)勝利閉(bi)幕了(le)。
中共(gong)(gong)三(san)大(da)確立了(le)國共(gong)(gong)合作的(de)方針,并在四大(da)提(ti)出無產(chan)階(jie)級在民(min)主革命(ming)中的(de)領導權和工農聯(lian)盟問題(ti),使(shi)共(gong)(gong)產(chan)黨組(zu)織迅速發展,為大(da)規模(mo)培(pei)訓革命(ming)運動骨干創造了(le)有利條件,促進了(le)工農群眾(zhong)運動的(de)高漲,為統(tong)一(yi)廣東、出師北伐、推(tui)動國民(min)革命(ming)由廣東向全國擴展奠定了(le)基礎。
在革(ge)命浪潮(chao)日益高漲(zhang)時,國民(min)黨(dang)右派(pai)公開背叛(pan)聯(lian)俄、聯(lian)共、扶助農工三大(da)政策,發(fa)動了反革(ge)命政變,大(da)革(ge)命遭到了失敗。
中(zhong)國共產黨(dang)在以后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)命斗爭實踐(jian)中(zhong),逐漸(jian)不(bu)斷(duan)總結經驗教訓,堅持和(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展了(le)(le)三大(da)(da)確定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)統一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)(zhan)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方針,把(ba)中(zhong)華民族絕大(da)(da)多數人(ren)團結起來,結成最廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)命統一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)(zhan)線(xian)(xian),終(zhong)于戰(zhan)(zhan)勝了(le)(le)強大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敵人(ren)。在向社會(hui)主義(yi)(yi)過渡、社會(hui)主義(yi)(yi)建設(she),特(te)別是改革(ge)開放和(he)(he)(he)現代化建設(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷史時(shi)期(qi),黨(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)統一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)(zhan)線(xian)(xian)理論和(he)(he)(he)政策得(de)到進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)豐富和(he)(he)(he)發(fa)展,統一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)(zhan)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍進一(yi)(yi)步(bu)擴大(da)(da),統一(yi)(yi)戰(zhan)(zhan)線(xian)(xian)發(fa)揮出越來越大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。
中共三(san)大(da)會(hui)址(zhi)紀念(nian)館有《中國共產(chan)黨第三(san)次全國代表大(da)會(hui)歷(li)史陳(chen)列》、《春(chun)園故事(shi)——中共中央在(zai)春(chun)園》等固定陳(chen)列,分(fen)別陳(chen)列在(zai)中共三(san)大(da)會(hui)址(zhi)紀念(nian)館陳(chen)列館、春(chun)園24號。
《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)(gong)產黨第(di)三次全國代表(biao)大會歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)陳列》展(zhan)覽分(fen)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)三大召開的(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)背景”、“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)三大的(de)召開”、“國共(gong)(gong)合作的(de)實現(xian)”、“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)三大的(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)作用和深遠影 響”四個(ge)部(bu)分(fen),對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)三大的(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)作了全面(mian)介紹(shao)和展(zhan)示。《春園故事——中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)在(zai)春園》展(zhan)覽,展(zhan)現(xian)了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)三大前后中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)(yang)領導人在(zai)春園指(zhi)導中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國革(ge)命這段(duan)波瀾 壯闊的(de)歷(li)史(shi)(shi)(shi)。
免費參(can)觀(guan),團體參(can)觀(guan)需提前(qian)預約。
周(zhou)二至周(zhou)日9:00—17:30(17:00停(ting)止進場)。逢周(zhou)一閉館。
地鐵:1號線、6號線 東(dong)山口(kou)站E、F出(chu)口(kou)
公交:3路(lu)(lu)(lu)、215路(lu)(lu)(lu) 東山(shan)總站(zhan)(龜崗);811路(lu)(lu)(lu)、813路(lu)(lu)(lu) 培正路(lu)(lu)(lu)站(zhan)或(huo)恤孤院路(lu)(lu)(lu)站(zhan)