東山白沙枇杷呈鵝黃色,果(guo)形扁圓(yuan),平均單果(guo)重(zhong)35克(ke),肉厚皮薄易剝,果(guo)肉潔白晶瑩(ying),入口(kou)(kou)而(er)化,甘甜微酸、風味濃(nong)郁,爽口(kou)(kou)不膩,汁多核(he)小(xiao)、可(ke)食率高。品質優(you)。
蘇州市(shi)吳(wu)中區東山鎮所(suo)轄渡口村(cun)(cun)(cun)、渡橋村(cun)(cun)(cun)、吳(wu)巷(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、潦(liao)里村(cun)(cun)(cun)、新潦(liao)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、雙灣(wan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、太湖村(cun)(cun)(cun)、莫(mo)厘村(cun)(cun)(cun)、碧螺村(cun)(cun)(cun)、楊灣(wan)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、陸巷(xiang)(xiang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、三山村(cun)(cun)(cun)、洞(dong)庭社(she)區共計13個行政村(cun)(cun)(cun)(社(she)區)。地理坐標為東經120°20′~120°27′,北緯(wei)31°00′~31°07′,種植面積(ji)在1666公(gong)頃。
土(tu)壤地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)情況:蘇州東(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)處長(chang)(chang)江中(zhong)下游太湖流域(yu)之濱,是太湖中(zhong)的一座半(ban)島,被東(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈分(fen)成前(qian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)和(he)后(hou)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)兩部分(fen),呈東(dong)北——西(xi)(xi)南走向,東(dong)北高、西(xi)(xi)南低(di)(di)。東(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)地(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)主要(yao)為(wei)低(di)(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘陵、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)前(qian)平原(yuan)和(he)濱湖灘地(di)(di)(di)等類型,東(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)總面積96.55平方(fang)(fang)千(qian)米(mi)(mi),其中(zhong)陸地(di)(di)(di)面積50.5平方(fang)(fang)千(qian)米(mi)(mi),占52.3%。栽(zai)培(pei)區(qu)域(yu)土(tu)層(ceng)深厚、土(tu)壤肥沃(wo),以石質黃(huang)土(tu)、深厚肥沃(wo)的沙土(tu)構成山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)、平原(yuan)果(guo)園土(tu)壤,養(yang)分(fen)充足,pH約(yue)為(wei)6.7,有(you)(you)機質含(han)量3.65%,適宜果(guo)茶林生長(chang)(chang)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況:東(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)半(ban)島北、西(xi)(xi)、南三(san)面環太湖水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),東(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)境(jing)(jing)內擁有(you)(you)大小37條河(he)道。渡(du)(du)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)港北起小北湖口,西(xi)(xi)南至白浮門出太湖,縱(zong)貫境(jing)(jing)域(yu),全(quan)長(chang)(chang)12千(qian)米(mi)(mi)。大缺(que)港地(di)(di)(di)處東(dong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)北,橫(heng)越東(dong)西(xi)(xi),連接小北湖與東(dong)太湖,隔岸即臨湖鎮(zhen),全(quan)長(chang)(chang)3千(qian)米(mi)(mi)。雕鶚河(he)通渡(du)(du)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)港,在擺渡(du)(du)口與大缺(que)港交匯后(hou)入臨湖境(jing)(jing),與黃(huang)洋灣相(xiang)接,全(quan)長(chang)(chang)3.5千(qian)米(mi)(mi)。栽(zai)培(pei)區(qu)域(yu)的澆灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源均為(wei)天然雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、太湖水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。
氣候(hou)情況:東山地處北亞熱(re)帶(dai),具(ju)有明顯(xian)的(de)季風氣候(hou)特點,又受太湖小氣候(hou)環境影響,日照充足,年平(ping)均氣溫(wen)16℃,平(ping)均濕度76%,溫(wen)暖濕潤,無霜期298天,年平(ping)均降雨(yu)量(liang)1139㎜,雨(yu)水充沛。
人文歷(li)史情況:東(dong)山(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)是全(quan)國(guo)白(bai)(bai)沙類枇(pi)(pi)杷(pa)(pa)(pa)的主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)區(qu),是全(quan)國(guo)枇(pi)(pi)杷(pa)(pa)(pa)傳統(tong)四大產(chan)(chan)區(qu)之一,也是全(quan)國(guo)枇(pi)(pi)杷(pa)(pa)(pa)栽(zai)(zai)培的最(zui)北緣地區(qu)。東(dong)山(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)環境優越,種(zhong)質資源豐(feng)富,在農戶長期精(jing)心(xin)栽(zai)(zai)培和(he)自(zi)然條件(jian)影響(xiang)下,果茶(cha)間(jian)種(zhong)分布,形成了(le)(le)特殊的果茶(cha)間(jian)種(zhong)栽(zai)(zai)培模式并(bing)沿用至今。東(dong)山(shan)(shan)白(bai)(bai)沙枇(pi)(pi)杷(pa)(pa)(pa)栽(zai)(zai)培歷(li)史悠(you)久,各代白(bai)(bai)沙枇(pi)(pi)杷(pa)(pa)(pa)均是當(dang)地農民、科研人員精(jing)心(xin)選育和(he)自(zi)然選擇的結(jie)果,先后有(you)“金罐”、“銀(yin)罐”、“雞(ji)蛋白(bai)(bai)”、“照種(zhong)”、“白(bai)(bai)玉”、“冠(guan)玉”等優質白(bai)(bai)沙品(pin)種(zhong)。農戶遵(zun)循著綠肥還田、有(you)機循環的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)方式,將(jiang)間(jian)種(zhong)的茶(cha)樹修剪(jian)枝、園內雜(za)草(cao)等覆于枇(pi)(pi)杷(pa)(pa)(pa)種(zhong)植穴上,同時(shi)開塘(tang)擴(kuo)穴,將(jiang)國(guo)家首批種(zhong)質資源保護區(qu)——湖羊(yang)所(suo)產(chan)(chan)羊(yang)糞腐熟(shu)后施用,使(shi)(shi)得(de)土(tu)壤肥沃,枇(pi)(pi)杷(pa)(pa)(pa)樹生(sheng)長旺盛,生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)出(chu)來的東(dong)山(shan)(shan)白(bai)(bai)沙枇(pi)(pi)杷(pa)(pa)(pa)深(shen)受市場歡(huan)迎(ying),并(bing)形成了(le)(le)一定(ding)的規模,銷往(wang)江蘇、浙江、上海、北京等全(quan)國(guo)各地,經濟(ji)效(xiao)益(yi)好,使(shi)(shi)得(de)東(dong)山(shan)(shan)白(bai)(bai)沙枇(pi)(pi)杷(pa)(pa)(pa)成為東(dong)山(shan)(shan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)第一大果品(pin)。
感觀特征:東(dong)山白(bai)沙枇杷呈鵝黃(huang)色,果形(xing)(xing)扁圓,平均(jun)單果重35克(ke),肉厚皮(pi)薄易剝(bo),果肉潔白(bai)晶瑩,入口而化,甘甜微酸、風味濃(nong)郁,爽口不膩,汁多核小、可(ke)食率高(gao)。品(pin)(pin)質優。內在品(pin)(pin)質:東(dong)山白(bai)沙枇杷可(ke)溶(rong)性固形(xing)(xing)物(wu)13%~16%,總酸(以檸檬酸計(ji))0.20%~0.35%,含水(shui)率80%~90%,可(ke)食率70%~75%,維生(sheng)素C 110~150 mg/kg。安全要求:東(dong)山白(bai)沙枇杷主要產地(di)環境(jing)(jing)符合(he)(he)綠色食品(pin)(pin)產地(di)環境(jing)(jing)要求;產品(pin)(pin)也符合(he)(he)綠色食品(pin)(pin)的(de)要求。GB3095-1996大氣(qi)質量標準(zhun)(zhun) GB 20287 農(nong)(nong)用(yong)微生(sheng)物(wu)菌劑 GB4285-1989農(nong)(nong)藥安全使(shi)(shi)用(yong)標準(zhun)(zhun) GB 2763 食品(pin)(pin)安全國家標準(zhun)(zhun) 食品(pin)(pin)中(zhong)農(nong)(nong)藥最(zui)大殘留(liu)限(xian)量 GB/T 8321(所有(you)部(bu)分) 農(nong)(nong)藥合(he)(he)理(li)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則 GB 12475 農(nong)(nong)藥貯(zhu)運(yun)、銷售(shou)和使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)防毒規程 NY/T 391 綠色食品(pin)(pin) 產地(di)環境(jing)(jing)質量 NY/T 1667(所有(you)部(bu)分) 農(nong)(nong)藥登記管理(li)術(shu)語 NY/T 393-2013 《綠色食品(pin)(pin) 農(nong)(nong)藥使(shi)(shi)用(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則》 NY/T 394-2013 《綠色食品(pin)(pin) 肥(fei)料(liao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則》 NY 525 有(you)機肥(fei)料(liao) NY/T 798 復(fu)合(he)(he)微生(sheng)物(wu)肥(fei)料(liao) NY 884 生(sheng)物(wu)有(you)機肥(fei)。