蘭(lan)(lan)西(xi)(xi)縣位(wei)于黑龍江(jiang)省省城哈爾濱(bin)略偏西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)部,地處松(song)嫩(nen)平(ping)原南部,小興(xing)安嶺余脈拉哈崗沿呼(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan)河(he)西(xi)(xi)岸(an)縱貫(guan)縣境南北(bei)(bei),香瓜地理標志保護的區域范圍為東(dong)經126°41′10″-126°39′20″,北(bei)(bei)緯46°02′08″-46°20′20″。包括榆林(lin)鎮(zhen)、紅光(guang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、蘭(lan)(lan)西(xi)(xi)鎮(zhen)、奮斗鄉(xiang)(xiang)和(he)紅光(guang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)五個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen),保護區東(dong)接蘭(lan)(lan)河(he)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、長崗鄉(xiang)(xiang)、臨江(jiang)鎮(zhen),西(xi)(xi)鄰肇東(dong)市及(ji)蘭(lan)(lan)西(xi)(xi)縣的紅星(xing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、平(ping)山鎮(zhen),南毗呼(hu)(hu)蘭(lan)(lan),北(bei)(bei)連北(bei)(bei)安鄉(xiang)(xiang)。
四.產品品質特(te)性特(te)征
(1)外在(zai)感(gan)觀特征(zheng):瓜多為卵圓形,表面光滑,果肉厚約(yue)2厘米,質脆味(wei)(wei)甜,清香味(wei)(wei)好。
(2)內在的(de)品質(zhi)指標:果(guo)實(shi)折光含糖(tang)量高,口感好,品質(zhi)佳。富含蛋(dan)白質(zhi)、脂肪、碳水化合(he)物(wu)、鈣、磷、鐵、胡蘿卜(bu)素(su)(su)、硫胺素(su)(su)、核黃素(su)(su)、尼克酸(suan)、抗壞血酸(suan)等多種營養物(wu)質(zhi),經(jing)測定,每100克含糖(tang)(以還原糖(tang)計)7.46克,高于一般的(de)香瓜,檢(jian)測無農藥(yao)殘(can)留。
(3)安全要求:蘭西香瓜嚴(yan)格按照(NY5109-2005)標(biao)準執行。
五.特定生產方式
(1)瓜地選(xuan)擇(ze):選(xuan)擇(ze)通(tong)風透氣、排水(shui)良好、交(jiao)通(tong)便(bian)利、土質肥沃的玉(yu)米茬(cha)、谷茬(cha)、糜(mi)茬(cha)為(wei)主(zhu),其次是(shi)蔥(cong)蒜茬(cha),做到與葫蘆科作物實行(xing)五年以上(shang)輪作。
(2)品(pin)(pin)種選(xuan)(xuan)擇:選(xuan)(xuan)用抗病(bing)、抗旱、優質、豐產(chan)、耐貯運、商(shang)品(pin)(pin)性好(hao)的(de)品(pin)(pin)種,種子(zi)質量應(ying)符合瓜菜作物種子(zi)的(de)要求。可選(xuan)(xuan)用金(jin)妃、景甜1號等早熟優良品(pin)(pin)種。
(3)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)管(guan)理(li):在(zai)(zai)香瓜(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong),種子(zi)處理(li)、育(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)移(yi)栽(zai)、病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵環節(jie)。①種子(zi)處理(li)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi) 將種子(zi)放入(ru)(ru)55℃溫水(shui)(shui)浸40分(fen)鐘,不(bu)(bu)斷攪拌,并(bing)保持(chi)水(shui)(shui)溫。將消(xiao)(xiao)毒(du)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種子(zi)放在(zai)(zai)20℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)浸泡6小(xiao)時(shi)(shi),并(bing)投(tou)洗兩次(ci)(ci)(ci),洗去種子(zi)表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘液。撈出(chu)(chu)后(hou)(hou)放入(ru)(ru)布(bu)袋中(zhong)(zhong),置于25-30℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下催芽,經(jing)(jing)(jing)常翻動,每天用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)室溫水(shui)(shui)投(tou)洗三(san)次(ci)(ci)(ci)。 ②育(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)移(yi)栽(zai)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi) 采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)塑料(liao)大棚或中(zhong)(zhong)棚內(nei)育(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),選(xuan)擇疏松、通(tong)透(tou)性好、無污染的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)肥(fei)(fei)沃土(tu)壤,每立方米(mi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)磷酸二銨0.5-1公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),混(hun)拌均勻(yun)。備好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)營養(yang)土(tu)每1000公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)加(jia)(jia)(jia)0.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)多菌靈混(hun)拌均勻(yun)消(xiao)(xiao)毒(du),裝入(ru)(ru)8×8厘米(mi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)缽(bo)中(zhong)(zhong),裝到(dao)(dao)(dao)營養(yang)缽(bo)2/3處,擺(bai)在(zai)(zai)床(chuang)上待播(bo)。當(dang)氣(qi)溫穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)通(tong)過(guo)5℃以上時(shi)(shi),棚內(nei)溫度達10℃以上時(shi)(shi),即(ji)可播(bo)種。出(chu)(chu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)前(qian),白天25-30℃,夜(ye)間(jian)(jian)16-18℃,出(chu)(chu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou)(hou),白天20-25℃,夜(ye)間(jian)(jian)10-14℃。定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)前(qian)一(yi)周(zhou),加(jia)(jia)(jia)大通(tong)風,煉苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。播(bo)后(hou)(hou)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)前(qian)一(yi)般不(bu)(bu)澆水(shui)(shui)。水(shui)(shui)份采(cai)取(qu)見(jian)(jian)干見(jian)(jian)濕管(guan)理(li),禁止(zhi)(zhi)灌(guan)大水(shui)(shui)。應(ying)始終保持(chi)較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光照(zhao)條(tiao)件(jian),并(bing)能(neng)保持(chi)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)營養(yang)面積。第一(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)真葉露心時(shi)(shi)進(jin)行,留2株壯苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao);第二次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)2~3片真葉時(shi)(shi)進(jin)行,留1株壯苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)植(zhi)前(qian)一(yi)周(zhou)通(tong)過(guo)適當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降溫和(he)(he)控制水(shui)(shui)分(fen)來進(jin)行秧苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)鍛煉,抑制地(di)上部生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長,促進(jin)根系發育(yu)(yu)。在(zai)(zai)整(zheng)地(di)中(zhong)(zhong),每畝施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入(ru)(ru)腐熟后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優質農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)家(jia)(jia)肥(fei)(fei)2000公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)或充分(fen)發酵后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雞糞1500公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),在(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)家(jia)(jia)肥(fei)(fei)中(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)入(ru)(ru)二銨20公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),硫酸鉀(jia)5公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin),混(hun)拌均勻(yun),結合(he)(he)(he)整(zheng)地(di)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入(ru)(ru)垅底(di)肥(fei)(fei),這(zhe)樣可保證瓜(gua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)質。 ③強病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 采(cai)取(qu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業綜合(he)(he)(he)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),合(he)(he)(he)理(li)進(jin)行輪作(zuo)(zuo)倒茬,減輕(qing)病(bing)(bing)害(hai)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輪作(zuo)(zuo)方式是(shi)與玉米(mi)等(deng)禾本(ben)科(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)物輪作(zuo)(zuo),與葫蘆科(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)物實行5年(nian)以上輪作(zuo)(zuo)。 加(jia)(jia)(jia)強病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)預(yu)測預(yu)報(bao),及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)掌握(wo)(wo)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)口密度,發布(bu)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)預(yu)警情報(bao);在(zai)(zai)有(you)條(tiao)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區開展(zhan)統防(fang)(fang)(fang)統治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。按照(zhao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)安全合(he)(he)(he)作(zuo)(zuo)標準(zhun)(zhun)和(he)(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則(ze)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)進(jin)行,積極(ji)推(tui)廣生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),合(he)(he)(he)理(li)進(jin)行化(hua)學(xue)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)應(ying)遵循的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)則(ze): a嚴格執(zhi)(zhi)行國家(jia)(jia)有(you)關(guan)規定(ding)(ding)(ding),禁止(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)高(gao)毒(du)、高(gao)殘留、高(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物富集性、高(gao)三(san)致(致毒(du)、致癌、致突變)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)(ji)(ji)其(qi)混(hun)配(pei)(pei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),不(bu)(bu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)未(wei)(wei)核準(zhun)(zhun)登記的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。 b使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi),要(yao)嚴格執(zhi)(zhi)行國家(jia)(jia)標準(zhun)(zhun)中(zhong)(zhong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準(zhun)(zhun)則(ze)和(he)(he)規定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)量(liang)(liang)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)次(ci)(ci)(ci)數(shu),使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)經(jing)(jing)(jing)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)殘留檢測合(he)(he)(he)格的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。 c嚴格執(zhi)(zhi)行農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)高(gao)殘留量(liang)(liang),使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)限次(ci)(ci)(ci)和(he)(he)安全間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)。 科(ke)學(xue)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa):認準(zhun)(zhun)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)種類,有(you)針對性地(di)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),掌握(wo)(wo)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)規律,在(zai)(zai)最(zui)(zui)佳防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)期(qi)及(ji)(ji)(ji)時(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);嚴格掌握(wo)(wo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)劑量(liang)(liang)和(he)(he)方法(fa),科(ke)學(xue)合(he)(he)(he)理(li)地(di)混(hun)配(pei)(pei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。 ④普(pu)及(ji)(ji)(ji)科(ke)學(xue)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)技(ji)術 在(zai)(zai)香瓜(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)(zhong),增施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei),發展(zhan)有(you)機復合(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei),注重N、P、K肥(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。禁止(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)未(wei)(wei)經(jing)(jing)(jing)無害(hai)化(hua)處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)和(he)(he)其(qi)他有(you)毒(du)肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)。肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)及(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)理(li):使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)商(shang)品(pin)肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)技(ji)術人員認可,或到(dao)(dao)(dao)指定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)供(gong)應(ying)點購買(mai)。使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)必須(xu)符合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)術規程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。 安全施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)肥(fei)(fei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu):根據具(ju)體情況,調整(zheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)量(liang)(liang),做到(dao)(dao)(dao)經(jing)(jing)(jing)濟合(he)(he)(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)肥(fei)(fei);嚴格執(zhi)(zhi)行氮(dan)(dan)(dan)肥(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安全間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi),收獲前(qian)20天,禁止(zhi)(zhi)追施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)肥(fei)(fei);推(tui)廣“控氮(dan)(dan)(dan)、穩(wen)磷、增鉀(jia)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)模式。
(4)產(chan)品收獲:區外銷售7—8成熟時采摘,區內銷售的(de)完(wan)全成熟后采收,切忌(ji)生瓜上市,采摘前(qian)15天內嚴禁(jin)噴灑各種防病防蟲農藥。
(5)生產記(ji)錄(lu)要求:要求農(nong)戶在種植過(guo)程中,對(dui)使用的農(nong)藥、化肥的名稱(cheng)、劑型(xing)規格(ge)、使用方法、使用時間(jian)、每次用量、全年使用次數、末次使用時間(jian)有詳(xiang)細記(ji)錄(lu)。
六.包(bao)裝標識相關(guan)規定
(1)包裝:采用(yong)紙箱(xiang)包裝,每箱(xiang)凈重5公斤,瓜與瓜之間用(yong)網套(tao)隔離,用(yong)于包裝的容(rong)器整潔、干(gan)燥、牢固(gu)、透氣、無(wu)污(wu)染、無(wu)異味,內壁無(wu)尖(jian)突(tu)物、紙箱(xiang)無(wu)受潮(chao)、了層(ceng)現象(xiang)。
(2)標(biao)識:標(biao)志使(shi)(shi)用(yong)人應(ying)在其產品或包裝上統一使(shi)(shi)用(yong)農(nong)產品地理(li)標(biao)志(蘭(lan)西香瓜(gua)名稱和(he)公共標(biao)識圖案組合標(biao)注形式(shi))。
(3)運(yun)輸(shu):裝卸運(yun)輸(shu)中(zhong)應(ying)快(kuai)運(yun)、輕裝輕放、運(yun)輸(shu)途中(zhong)應(ying)防暴雨(yu)(yu)淋。運(yun)輸(shu)散裝瓜時,運(yun)輸(shu)工(gong)具的(de)底(di)部及(ji)四(si)周(zhou)與(yu)果實(shi)接觸(chu)的(de)地方應(ying)加鋪墊物(wu),以(yi)防機械(xie)損傷。運(yun)輸(shu)用的(de)車輛、工(gong)具、鋪墊物(wu)、防雨(yu)(yu)設施等,應(ying)清潔、衛生(sheng)、干燥、無污染(ran)、不得與(yu)其(qi)他有(you)毒有(you)害物(wu)品混裝混運(yun)。
(4)貯藏(zang):貯存時(shi)宜在(zai)通(tong)風、陰涼、清潔衛(wei)生的場所進行(xing),堆碼整齊(qi),防止擠壓損(sun)傷(shang),防日曬、雨淋、有(you)毒有(you)害物質(zhi)的污染。