品質特征

正(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)生以優(you)(you)質珍珠豆型特色著稱，花(hua)生米粒外(wai)觀整齊，含(han)(han)油量高(gao)(gao)達55%以上，比(bi)其(qi)它品(pin)種(zhong)高(gao)(gao)8-10個百分(fen)點，含(han)(han)蛋(dan)白質28%左右(you)，且富含(han)(han)有(you)17種(zhong)人體必需(xu)的氨基酸。正(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)生用于榨油出油率高(gao)(gao)，加(jia)工效益(yi)好，加(jia)工的食品(pin)或炒(chao)貨具有(you)香、酥、脆的突出特點，細膩好吃，是內(nei)銷加(jia)工，外(wai)銷出口的優(you)(you)質原料。正(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)生產品(pin)已遠銷到(dao)湖南(nan)、廣(guang)東、廣(guang)西、山東、江蘇、福建、河北(bei)等省市，并轉港出口到(dao)日本、韓國、東南(nan)亞等國家和地區，深受(shou)外(wai)商(shang)青睞。

簡介

正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)(hua)生，河(he)南省(sheng)正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)縣特(te)產，中國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)產品(pin)(pin)，正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)(hua)生以優質珍珠豆型(xing)特(te)色著稱，花(hua)(hua)生米粒(li)外觀整齊，含油量高(gao)，營(ying)養豐富，加工后口味好。2004年注冊的"正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)花(hua)(hua)"牌(pai)花(hua)(hua)生被河(he)南省(sheng)人民政府(fu)批(pi)準為(wei)"河(he)南省(sheng)名牌(pai)農產品(pin)(pin)"。2010年在北京舉行的"首屆(jie)中國(guo)(guo)農產品(pin)(pin)區域公用品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)建設論壇(tan)"會上，河(he)南省(sheng)的"正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)(hua)生"以16.82億元(yuan)的品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)價(jia)(jia)值，位(wei)居(ju)農產品(pin)(pin)區域公用品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)價(jia)(jia)值評(ping)估百(bai)強(qiang)(qiang)榜(bang)第36位(wei)，正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)縣被國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)統計局認定為(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)花(hua)(hua)生種植(zhi)第一大(da)縣，全(quan)國(guo)(guo)油料百(bai)強(qiang)(qiang)縣之一。2008年3月，"正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)(hua)生"通過國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)質檢(jian)總局地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)專家(jia)(jia)評(ping)審(shen)委員會評(ping)審(shen)，正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)式納入原產地(di)保護(hu)，成為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)地(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)保護(hu)產品(pin)(pin)。

地理標志保護

保護范圍

正(zheng)陽花生(sheng)地(di)理標志(zhi)產品(pin)保(bao)護范(fan)圍以(yi)河南(nan)省正(zheng)陽縣人民政(zheng)(zheng)府《關于確(que)定正(zheng)陽花生(sheng)地(di)理標志(zhi)產品(pin)保(bao)護范(fan)圍的(de)通知》(正(zheng)政(zheng)(zheng)文〔2007〕76號)提出的(de)范(fan)圍為準，為河南(nan)省正(zheng)陽縣真陽鎮、慎水鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新阮店鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、油(you)坊店鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、汝(ru)南(nan)埠鎮、永興鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、傅寨(zhai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、寒(han)凍鎮、袁寨(zhai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、王勿橋(qiao)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、彭橋(qiao)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、雷寨(zhai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、蘭青鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、呂河鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、熊寨(zhai)鎮、銅(tong)鐘(zhong)鎮等16個鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮所轄行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)區域。

專用標志使用

正陽花生(sheng)地(di)理標(biao)志產品保護范圍內的(de)生(sheng)產者(zhe)，可向河(he)南省(sheng)正陽縣質(zhi)量技術監督(du)局(ju)提出(chu)使用"地(di)理標(biao)志產品專用標(biao)志"的(de)申(shen)請，由國家質(zhi)檢(jian)總(zong)局(ju)公告(gao)批準。

種植歷史

正(zheng)陽花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)歷(li)史(shi)悠久(jiu)。最(zui)早可追溯到(dao)清光緒年(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)，20世(shi)紀60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)開始種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)，20世(shi)紀90年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積發展到(dao)100萬(wan)畝(mu)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)來穩定(ding)在120萬(wan)畝(mu)左右，占全(quan)(quan)縣秋作物種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積的60%以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，最(zui)高年(nian)(nian)(nian)份可達150萬(wan)畝(mu)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)。進入21世(shi)紀，花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積和產(chan)量連續多年(nian)(nian)(nian)位(wei)居全(quan)(quan)國(guo)第一，是全(quan)(quan)國(guo)珍(zhen)珠(zhu)豆型花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)規(gui)模最(zui)大、最(zui)集中的產(chan)區，相繼被國(guo)家統計局(ju)認定(ding)為"全(quan)(quan)國(guo)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)第一大縣"、"全(quan)(quan)國(guo)油(you)料(liao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)冠軍縣"、"全(quan)(quan)國(guo)油(you)料(liao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)百強(qiang)縣"等稱(cheng)號。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)"全(quan)(quan)國(guo)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)交易會(hui)"在正(zheng)陽縣召開。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積為120萬(wan)畝(mu)。

種植技術

2009以(yi)前，該縣花生品種主要是農(nong)家品種"白莎1016"、"紅花一(yi)號"。2009

年以(yi)來，逐(zhu)步推廣新篩選的早熟高產、優質專用(yong)型花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)品(pin)種"魯花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)9號"、"魯花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)13號"、"遠(yuan)雜9102號"、"中(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)5號"、"中(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)8號"進行換代，珍珠豆型花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)品(pin)種占(zhan)該縣花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)種植(zhi)面積的95%以(yi)上(shang)。2004年遠(yuan)雜9102種植(zhi)10萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，總(zong)產2400萬(wan)(wan)公斤;白沙1016種植(zhi)80萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，總(zong)產17600萬(wan)(wan)公斤;魯花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)13種植(zhi)面積14萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，總(zong)產3020萬(wan)(wan)公斤;中(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)8號種植(zhi)8萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，總(zong)產1840萬(wan)(wan)公斤。

2009年左右開(kai)始，正陽(yang)(yang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)生(sheng)產(chan)已(yi)由傳統落后的(de)(de)平作粗放種植方(fang)式向壟作、地(di)(di)膜覆蓋(gai)栽(zai)培模式發(fa)展(zhan)。推(tui)廣了花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)地(di)(di)膜覆蓋(gai)、化(hua)(hua)學(xue)除草及一穴雙粒技(ji)術(shu)(shu)。其中(zhong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)地(di)(di)膜覆蓋(gai)面積(ji)已(yi)累計推(tui)廣1萬畝以上;化(hua)(hua)學(xue)除草技(ji)術(shu)(shu)應用(yong)面積(ji)已(yi)達(da)種植面積(ji)的(de)(de)90%以上。95%以上的(de)(de)面積(ji)已(yi)達(da)到了機械化(hua)(hua)播(bo)種及半機械化(hua)(hua)收(shou)獲、脫粒加(jia)工(gong)。推(tui)了廣高(gao)效低毒(du)低殘留(liu)無公害(hai)栽(zai)培技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，尤(you)其是花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)根瘤菌肥的(de)(de)應用(yong)，正陽(yang)(yang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)生(sheng)產(chan)將從高(gao)殘留(liu)、污染型(xing)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)向綠色環保型(xing)生(sheng)態(tai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)。2003年正陽(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)被批準為河(he)南(nan)省首家"農(nong)(nong)業(ye)標準化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)示范縣(xian)(xian)"。2004年經河(he)南(nan)省無公害(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品(pin)認定(ding)委員(yuan)會認定(ding)已(yi)建立1萬畝無公害(hai)優質花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)生(sheng)產(chan)基地(di)(di)，開(kai)發(fa)利(li)用(yong)前(qian)景極為廣闊。

正陽縣從2000開(kai)(kai)始先后從中(zhong)國農科院油料所、山(shan)東省花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)研究所、山(shan)東農業大學等大專(zhuan)院校及科研單位引進(jin)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)新品種(系)50多個進(jin)行試(shi)驗(yan)展示;建立了(le)100畝(mu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)高(gao)產開(kai)(kai)發(fa)規范化生(sheng)產示范田、100畝(mu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)新技術試(shi)驗(yan)基(ji)地和50畝(mu)花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)新品種試(shi)驗(yan)基(ji)地，為該縣花(hua)(hua)生(sheng)的(de)優質高(gao)產開(kai)(kai)發(fa)積累了(le)豐富的(de)生(sheng)產經(jing)驗(yan)。

銷售情況

正(zheng)陽(yang)縣是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)種(zhong)植第一(yi)大縣，以花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為主的(de)油料(liao)總(zong)產(chan)量(liang)達27萬多噸，居中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)第一(yi)位(wei)。 為了(le)搞好花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)品銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售，21世紀初(chu)，該縣以縣工(gong)(gong)商(shang)行政管理局、縣糧食局為依托，投資500萬元擴建豫南(nan)最大的(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)交易市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)---中(zhong)原花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)批發市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，常年(nian)吸引山(shan)東、河北、湖北等(deng)(deng)周邊花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)客商(shang)，年(nian)交易花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)5000萬公(gong)斤(jin)。各鄉鎮也(ye)建立花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)專業市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)20個，各種(zhong)營銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)組(zu)織200多個，營銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)大戶2000多戶，有上萬名花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)經紀人活(huo)躍在全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)城市(shi)(shi)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。他們(men)與(yu)省外花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)企業、糧油批發市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)建立了(le)穩定的(de)業務關系，該縣還(huan)(huan)多次邀請專家對(dui)他們(men)進行市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)經濟、法律(lv)知識培訓，增(zeng)強他們(men)的(de)購(gou)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)能(neng)力。他們(men)走南(nan)闖(chuang)北，開拓域外市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，使正(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)品占(zhan)領湖南(nan)、東莞等(deng)(deng)地三(san)分之二的(de)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)。在花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售季節，該縣用電腦與(yu)全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)聯網(wang)，在網(wang)上銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售正(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，并舉辦了(le)"全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)交易會"。同時，該縣花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)食品總(zong)廠還(huan)(huan)在全(quan)(quan)(quan)國(guo)(guo)各大中(zhong)城市(shi)(shi)設立銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)售窗口(kou)，在大商(shang)店設立正(zheng)陽(yang)縣花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)貨柜。正(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果、花(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)米還(huan)(huan)出(chu)口(kou)到日本、韓國(guo)(guo)、泰國(guo)(guo)、香(xiang)港等(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)家和(he)地區，年(nian)出(chu)口(kou)量(liang)15萬公(gong)斤(jin)，市(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)(chang)成交額1.5億元。

產品加工

2005年(nian)，該縣(xian)(xian)有(you)3萬多(duo)臺花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脫殼機進(jin)(jin)行初級(ji)加工(gong)和400多(duo)家加工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)。為(wei)(wei)發(fa)揮"龍頭(tou)"效應，該縣(xian)(xian)成(cheng)立了炒(chao)(chao)(chao)貨(huo)(huo)專業(ye)組，并以(yi)縣(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)廠(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)龍頭(tou)，聯(lian)合組建正(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)炒(chao)(chao)(chao)貨(huo)(huo)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)銷售公(gong)司(si)。該公(gong)司(si)炒(chao)(chao)(chao)貨(huo)(huo)產(chan)品(pin)統一(yi)配方、統一(yi)品(pin)牌(pai)(pai)、統一(yi)包裝(zhuang)、統一(yi)外(wai)銷，帶(dai)動(dong)了200多(duo)戶加工(gong)炒(chao)(chao)(chao)貨(huo)(huo)戶。同時，以(yi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脫殼廠(chang)(chang)為(wei)(wei)龍頭(tou)，帶(dai)動(dong)2萬多(duo)臺花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)脫殼機進(jin)(jin)行初級(ji)加工(gong)。該縣(xian)(xian)油(you)脂公(gong)司(si)、食(shi)(shi)品(pin)總廠(chang)(chang)等400多(duo)家加工(gong)企(qi)業(ye)都瞄準(zhun)了花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果這顆(ke)"金(jin)豆(dou)子"，紛紛上馬搞起五味(wei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)油(you)、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)餅干、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)奶、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)糖果等項目，年(nian)加工(gong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果2.5億公(gong)斤，使全縣(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)品(pin)轉化率達(da)80%。在(zai)2003年(nian)中國鄉鎮企(qi)業(ye)東西(xi)合作(zuo)經貿(mao)洽談會上，該縣(xian)(xian)與(yu)國家糧食(shi)(shi)儲備(bei)庫簽訂(ding)年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)5100萬噸的花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)油(you)脂項目。正(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)食(shi)(shi)品(pin)廠(chang)(chang)與(yu)北(bei)(bei)京正(zheng)(zheng)揚光達(da)有(you)限公(gong)司(si)聯(lian)合開發(fa)經營"香(xiang)酥花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)"系列產(chan)品(pin)，產(chan)品(pin)被國家商(shang)(shang)標局批準(zhun)注冊"正(zheng)(zheng)揚"牌(pai)(pai)商(shang)(shang)標，年(nian)產(chan)五大品(pin)味(wei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)炒(chao)(chao)(chao)貨(huo)(huo)280萬公(gong)斤，年(nian)創利潤300萬元(yuan)。"正(zheng)(zheng)揚"牌(pai)(pai)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)炒(chao)(chao)(chao)貨(huo)(huo)已打(da)入(ru)北(bei)(bei)京、上海、廣州等大中城市的超市、連(lian)鎖(suo)店(dian)，僅在(zai)北(bei)(bei)京經營正(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)炒(chao)(chao)(chao)貨(huo)(huo)的商(shang)(shang)家就有(you)16家、200多(duo)個連(lian)鎖(suo)店(dian)。

技術要求

(一)品種。

遠雜(za)9102珍珠(zhu)豆型優良品種。

(二)立地條件。

土壤主要為(wei)黃褐土，土壤質地為(wei)粘壤，土層厚度≥15cm。土壤pH值為(wei)6.7至7.2，土壤有(you)機質含量≥1.0%。

(三)栽培管理。

1、茬口與輪作:

(1)茬口:冬(dong)季休閑或前(qian)作是油菜(cai)或冬(dong)小麥。

(2)輪作:黃褐土輪作期為3年;砂姜(jiang)黑(hei)土輪作期為2年。

2、種子選擇與處理:選擇飽滿的雙仁(ren)果作種，剝殼后分級進行粒選，去除秕(bi)粒、小(xiao)粒、破碎粒、霉變或(huo)感病蟲的籽粒。播種前用適樂時或(huo)多菌靈(ling)進行種子處理。

3、播種(zhong):土(tu)壤溫度(du)≥15℃時，為播種(zhong)適期。春(chun)播時間為4月上中旬，夏(xia)(xia)播時間為6月5日前。種(zhong)植密度(du)春(chun)播每(mei)(mei)公(gong)頃135000至(zhi)165000穴，夏(xia)(xia)播每(mei)(mei)公(gong)頃165000至(zhi)195000穴，每(mei)(mei)穴2粒(li)種(zhong)子(zi)。

4、施(shi)(shi)肥:氮、磷、鉀(jia)(jia)配(pei)比為1.5:1.5:2。畝施(shi)(shi)純(chun)氮6千(qian)克，磷6千(qian)克，鉀(jia)(jia)8千(qian)克。

5、環境、安全要(yao)求:農(nong)藥(yao)、化肥等(deng)的(de)使用必須符合國家的(de)相關規(gui)定(ding)。

(四)采收和貯藏。

1、采收:根據產(chan)品成(cheng)熟(shu)程度于9月中(zhong)(zhong)下旬適(shi)時采收。其(qi)標準是(shi)花生(sheng)上部(bu)植株生(sheng)長停滯，中(zhong)(zhong)下部(bu)葉片(pian)脫(tuo)落(luo)，果(guo)殼硬化，網紋清(qing)晰，內(nei)果(guo)皮由白色變為帶金屬光澤的黑褐色;籽仁充(chong)實飽滿，種(zhong)皮顯示(shi)粉(fen)紅等品種(zhong)固有(you)的本色。收獲后要及(ji)時曬干(gan)。

2、貯(zhu)藏(zang)(zang):貯(zhu)藏(zang)(zang)前將莢果(guo)含水(shui)量降至10%以(yi)下(xia)、籽仁7%以(yi)下(xia)，并去雜去劣，將爛(lan)(lan)果(guo)、爛(lan)(lan)種、秕果(guo)、秕種及其(qi)它雜質篩除。貯(zhu)藏(zang)(zang)處要(yao)干燥、向陽、通風。