唐崖紅(hong)(hong)是產自湖北恩(en)施土家族(zu)苗(miao)族(zu)自治州的一種紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha),唐崖紅(hong)(hong)的特點是外形細秀緊(jin)實,色(se)澤(ze)烏潤(run),金毫顯露(lu),湯色(se)橙紅(hong)(hong)明亮,香氣鮮嫩甜(tian)香,花果香顯,濃(nong)郁持久,細嫩多芽勻(yun)齊,曾(ceng)榮獲第二屆中(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)際(ji)茶(cha)葉博覽會(hui)金獎。
土壤地貌情況
咸(xian)豐縣境內山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起(qi)伏(fu),溪河(he)遍布,地形地貌復雜。低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)占(zhan)(zhan)總面(mian)積的22.98%,二(er)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)占(zhan)(zhan)62.83%,高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)14.19%。海(hai)拔最高(gao)1911.5米(mi),最低(di)435米(mi)。境內山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起(qi)伏(fu),溝壑縱橫,具(ju)有(you)典型山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地地貌特征。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)類型主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)砂質(zhi)頁巖(yan)、石(shi)英砂巖(yan),其(qi)次是紫(zi)紅色砂質(zhi)頁巖(yan)、第(di)四紀粘土(tu)(tu)、河(he)流沖積物等。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)分(fen)布在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地垂直帶(dai)普表現為(wei):海(hai)拔800米(mi)以下低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵、河(he)谷地區主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是黃壤(rang),占(zhan)(zhan)17.4%,海(hai)拔800-1500米(mi)二(er)高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)及高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地區,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是黃棕壤(rang),占(zhan)(zhan)72.8%,海(hai)拔1500米(mi)以上(shang)高(gao)寒地區,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)是棕壤(rang),占(zhan)(zhan)1.3%,水(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)占(zhan)(zhan)6.5%,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)分(fen)布在(zai)低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)含微量元素(su)硒(xi)、鍶等。
水文情況
咸豐(feng)縣地(di)域溝壑(he)縱橫(heng),由唐崖河、藍河、忠澗河、曲江河、野(ye)貓河等(deng)五大流域構成,咸豐(feng)縣是山區水能發電大縣。工(gong)業(ye)欠發達,境(jing)(jing)內(nei)無(wu)(wu)大型工(gong)廠,無(wu)(wu)“三廢”排放(fang)和(he)空氣污(wu)染,也沒(mei)有重(zhong)金(jin)屬污(wu)染歷(li)史,根據環境(jing)(jing)監測部門監測,咸豐(feng)縣境(jing)(jing)內(nei)地(di)表水達到(dao)國家(jia)《地(di)面(mian)水環境(jing)(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)準》的Ⅱ類水質(zhi)標(biao)準;水質(zhi)感觀良好,無(wu)(wu)色(se)、無(wu)(wu)臭、無(wu)(wu)味、透明,pH值4.5-7.5之間,砷≤0.05,鎘≤0.005,鉛≤0.05等(deng)有關指(zhi)標(biao)符合我國和(he)世界衛生組織制定的飲用水質(zhi)準則。
氣候情況
咸(xian)豐(feng)縣屬亞熱帶季風氣(qi)候區,四季分明,日(ri)均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)10-15℃,晝夜溫(wen)(wen)差明顯;年(nian)均(jun)空(kong)氣(qi)相對溫(wen)(wen)度76%,全縣多(duo)年(nian)平均(jun)降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)1460mm,實(shi)測最大年(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)2353.9mm(咸(xian)豐(feng)站)。雨熱同期,降水(shui)主(zhu)要集中(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)4-9月(yue)(yue),占年(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)(liang)的62-88%,7-8月(yue)(yue)出現伏旱,光(guang)照(zhao)、氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)、降水(shui)三同步。多(duo)年(nian)平均(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)1062小時,以(yi)8月(yue)(yue)最多(duo),有(you)201小時,二(er)月(yue)(yue)份最少,只有(you)46小時。咸(xian)豐(feng)縣氣(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)和(he),雨量(liang)(liang)充(chong)沛,無霜期長(chang)但日(ri)照(zhao)較(jiao)少。唐(tang)崖茶生長(chang)地以(yi)砂(sha)質頁巖、石(shi)(shi)英砂(sha)巖為主(zhu),不宜種植在(zai)石(shi)(shi)灰巖地塊,有(you)助于茶葉品(pin)質提高。咸(xian)豐(feng)縣全年(nian)空(kong)氣(qi)質量(liang)(liang)優良天數均(jun)在(zai)330天以(yi)上,生長(chang)季節降雨充(chong)足,生長(chang)環(huan)境好,有(you)利于茶葉的綠色、有(you)機生產。同時,土壤中(zhong)(zhong)富含硒元素,且易被茶葉吸收。