金田淮山簡介
金田淮山呈條狀,色潔白,粉幼細,味甘香,性溫補,既可入藥,也可作副食品。淮山(shan)(shan)(shan)在(zai)中(zhong)醫(yi)學(xue)上(shang)稱懷山(shan)(shan)(shan),山(shan)(shan)(shan)藥(yao),有(you)補(bu)(bu)脾養(yang)胃,生津益肺,補(bu)(bu)腎(shen)澀精(jing)的功能。用于脾虛(xu)食(shi)少,久瀉(xie)不(bu)止,肺虛(xu)喘咳,腎(shen)虛(xu)遺精(jing),帶下,尿頻,虛(xu)熱(re),焦渴(ke)等癥。金(jin)田淮山(shan)(shan)(shan)先前主要加(jia)工(gong)作主料的清補(bu)(bu)涼(liang)暢銷(xiao)港澳(ao)市場。將淮山(shan)(shan)(shan)配以蓮子加(jia)工(gong)成粉,是(shi)老人及嬰幼兒的營養(yang)佳品。
現今政府響應大力發展綠源無硫淮山加工技術。通過重點扶持桂平市金田淮山及其他五谷磨坊原材料工廠無硫加工企業,促進淮山無硫加工,五谷磨坊養生產品加工,提高中藥材質量安全水平。利用先進(jin)的(de)科研能力和現代化的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)工藝,發展農(nong)副(fu)產(chan)品(pin)脫水烘干(gan)無(wu)硫淮山片、生(sheng)曬淮山、無(wu)硫葛(ge)(ge)根(gen)、五谷(gu)磨坊葛(ge)(ge)根(gen)片、葛(ge)(ge)根(gen)粉、羅(luo)漢(han)果、茯苓、沙姜(干(gan)萘(nai))、八(ba)角茴香(xiang)、羅(luo)漢(han)果、龍眼干(gan)等,純天然、無(wu)酸(suan)無(wu)臭(chou)、色澤光(guang)亮、味道鮮美等。
自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)(di)貌情(qing)況(kuang):種(zhong)植金(jin)田(tian)淮山(shan)的(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)共(gong)有(you)八大(da)成土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)母質(zhi)160個(ge)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)種(zhong)構成。其中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)地(di)(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)種(zhong)是紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)、赤紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)、酸性(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、黃紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)、紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、棕色(se)(se)石灰土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、沖(chong)積(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、洪積(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)等9類(lei),其中(zhong)(zhong)酸性(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)占(zhan)39.86%,赤紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)占(zhan)37.28%,紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)占(zhan)18.77%,洪積(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)2.32%,中(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)紫(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)(se)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)占(zhan)1.13%,其它占(zhan)0.64%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)質(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)有(you)沙(sha)(sha)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、沙(sha)(sha)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、粘壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)和粘土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),其中(zhong)(zhong)沙(sha)(sha)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、沙(sha)(sha)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)占(zhan)34.33%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)PH值(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)5.5~6.5之間,土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)大(da)多在(zai)2-3%之間,完全符合金(jin)田(tian)淮山(shan)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)PH值(zhi)(zhi)微酸性(xing)的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)疏松,排水良好,有(you)機(ji)質(zhi) 含(han)量豐富。這種(zhong)特殊的(de)高含(han)沙(sha)(sha)量土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)(di),造就了金(jin)田(tian)淮山(shan)外觀(guan)圓(yuan)直、皮薄(bo)、須根少而短等特點。
(2)水(shui)文情況:金田(tian)淮(huai)山種植區(qu)域(yu)內河流(liu)均(jun)屬珠江(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)西江(jiang)水(shui)系(xi),分郁江(jiang)、潯江(jiang)及黔江(jiang)三大流(liu)域(yu),水(shui)力資源蘊藏豐富。市(shi)境(jing)內主要河流(liu)45條,河道總(zong)(zong)(zong)長992.95公里,集水(shui)面積4056平方公里。全(quan)市(shi)地表水(shui)總(zong)(zong)(zong)量38.533億立方米,地下(xia)水(shui)總(zong)(zong)(zong)量0.7331億立方米,地表水(shui)可利用量8.278億立方米(不包括過(guo)境(jing)水(shui))。金田(tian)淮(huai)山種植范(fan)圍內水(shui)質優良,無(wu)人工(gong)污染(ran)和工(gong)業(ye)污染(ran),十分適(shi)宜生(sheng)產優質的金田(tian)淮(huai)山農產品。
(3)氣候情(qing)況:金(jin)(jin)田淮山種(zhong)植區域屬南亞熱帶季風氣候,光(guang)溫(wen)雨資源非常豐(feng)富。年(nian)(nian)平均日照時數(shu)為1639小時,年(nian)(nian)太陽總輻射量(liang)為10.7萬(wan)卡/厘米2,年(nian)(nian)平均氣溫(wen)在(zai)21℃以上,大于或等于10℃的(de)年(nian)(nian)積溫(wen)為7379.7℃,年(nian)(nian)平均無霜期長(chang)達354天以上,年(nian)(nian)平均相對濕度(du)79.5%,年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨量(liang)在(zai)1300―2400mm之間,平均降(jiang)雨量(liang)1715mm。這是種(zhong)植金(jin)(jin)田淮山的(de)獨特氣候條件(jian)。
(4)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文歷史情況:金田淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)是(shi)廣(guang)西桂(gui)平市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)傳統特色經濟作(zuo)(zuo)物和(he)重(zhong)要土特產品(pin)(pin),其栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)始于(yu)(yu)19世紀50年(nian)代,其以(yi)色白、粗(cu)纖維(wei)少、質(zhi)(zhi)地細膩、粉質(zhi)(zhi)足、口感(gan)好而(er)(er)聞名(ming),其產品(pin)(pin)或半成(cheng)品(pin)(pin)暢銷全(quan)國各地、港(gang)(gang)澳地區(qu),并(bing)出口東南亞韓國等國家(jia)或地區(qu),在(zai)(zai)區(qu)內外享有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定知名(ming)度,深受廣(guang)大顧客的(de)(de)歡迎。由于(yu)(yu)金田淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)最初以(yi)在(zai)(zai)金田鎮(zhen)種(zhong)(zhong)植為(wei)主(zhu),因此廣(guang)大消費(fei)者習慣(guan)稱其為(wei)金田淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。 相傳19世紀50年(nian)代,適逢(feng)建(jian)(jian)國初期,物質(zhi)(zhi)匱(kui)乏,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民(min)生活困苦。為(wei)填飽肚(du)子,金田鎮(zhen)的(de)(de)村(cun)(cun)民(min)常常入深山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)打獵、采挖(wa)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri),一(yi)(yi)(yi)劉(liu)姓村(cun)(cun)民(min)行(xing)至(zhi)紫荊山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)深處(chu),見(jian)到幾棵植物都長著(zhu)尖卵型(xing)的(de)(de)葉子,藤蔓纏在(zai)(zai)樹上,好奇之(zhi)(zhi)下,拿隨身(shen)所(suo)帶的(de)(de)小(xiao)鐵鍬向(xiang)下挖(wa),挖(wa)出一(yi)(yi)(yi)條(tiao)條(tiao)拇指般粗(cu)的(de)(de)小(xiao)薯(shu),遂帶回村(cun)(cun)中(zhong)。初時,無人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)見(jian)過(guo)都不敢吃(chi),但(dan)其時正值困苦之(zhi)(zhi)時,人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)餓著(zhu)肚(du)子,有(you)大膽(dan)的(de)(de)村(cun)(cun)民(min)拿回家(jia)烹煮,試吃(chi)。試吃(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)下,驚呼乃人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)間美(mei)(mei)味。自此,越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多的(de)(de)村(cun)(cun)民(min)到山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)采挖(wa)這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)薯(shu)。后(hou)來(lai),村(cun)(cun)民(min)才知道這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)薯(shu)叫“淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)”,又名(ming)“山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥”,于(yu)(yu)是(shi)把這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)小(xiao)薯(shu)在(zai)(zai)自家(jia)田里進行(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)。經過(guo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)代代金 田人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)努力,目(mu)前淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)技(ji)(ji)術已日(ri)趨成(cheng)熟,形成(cheng)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)整套淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)技(ji)(ji)術體系(xi),種(zhong)(zhong)植出來(lai)的(de)(de)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)個大、圓直,粉質(zhi)(zhi)足,口感(gan)細膩。近年(nian)來(lai),桂(gui)平市(shi)(shi)市(shi)(shi)通過(guo)建(jian)(jian)立(li)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)示范推廣(guang)基(ji)地、開展(zhan)推廣(guang)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)無公(gong)害標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)技(ji)(ji)術等一(yi)(yi)(yi)系(xi)列淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高(gao)(gao)產增(zeng)效(xiao)技(ji)(ji)術,使淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)單產和(he)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)得到較大的(de)(de)提高(gao)(gao),淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)生產得到進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步發展(zhan)。目(mu)前我(wo)市(shi)(shi)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)桂(gui)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)2號、桂(gui)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)5號、桂(gui)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)6號、金田淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)(gao)產品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)主(zhu),優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)率(lv)達(da)到80%;淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)技(ji)(ji)術率(lv)達(da)到85.5%;淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)1級、2級和(he)合(he)格(ge)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)等級占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)數的(de)(de)90%左右(you)。以(yi)金田鎮(zhen)為(wei)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)種(zhong)(zhong)植帶常年(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積在(zai)(zai)3—5萬(wan)畝之(zhi)(zhi)間,總(zong)(zong)產鮮淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)4.5—9萬(wan)噸(dun),分春、秋兩季種(zhong)(zhong)植,收獲期12月(yue)至(zhi)次(ci)年(nian)3月(yue)。2008年(nian)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積3.4萬(wan)畝,總(zong)(zong)產7.36萬(wan)噸(dun)。淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)干(gan)可(ke)以(yi)燉湯、煲糖水、做(zuo)藥引(yin),是(shi)非常好的(de)(de)綠(lv)色食品(pin)(pin)。淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)醫(yi)學(xue)上稱山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藥,有(you)補脾養胃,生津益肺,補腎(shen)澀精的(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)脾虛(xu)食少,久(jiu)瀉不止,肺虛(xu)喘咳,腎(shen)虛(xu)遺精,帶下,尿頻,虛(xu)熱,焦渴等癥。李時珍(zhen)在(zai)(zai)《本(ben)(ben)草(cao)綱(gang)目(mu)》中(zhong)對(dui)其大加贊美(mei)(mei)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)作(zuo)(zuo)主(zhu)料(liao)的(de)(de)清補涼暢銷港(gang)(gang)澳市(shi)(shi)場。將(jiang)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)配以(yi)蓮子加工成(cheng)粉,是(shi)老人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)及嬰(ying)幼兒的(de)(de)營(ying)養佳品(pin)(pin)。淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)女性而(er)(er)言(yan),具有(you)較好的(de)(de)延緩衰老的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong),可(ke)以(yi)改善皮膚干(gan)燥、缺乏彈性等現象,并(bing)有(you)活化(hua)(hua)肌膚、祛斑美(mei)(mei)容、養顏美(mei)(mei)白的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。更是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)天然(ran)的(de)(de)纖體美(mei)(mei)食。它含有(you)足夠的(de)(de)纖維(wei),食用(yong)(yong)(yong)后(hou)就會(hui)產生飽脹感(gan),從而(er)(er)控制進食欲望。其次(ci),淮(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)(huai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)本(ben)(ben)身(shen)就是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)(gao)營(ying)養、低熱量(liang)的(de)(de)食品(pin)(pin),可(ke)以(yi)放心(xin)(xin)地多加食用(yong)(yong)(yong)而(er)(er)不會(hui)有(you)發胖(pang)的(de)(de)后(hou)顧之(zhi)(zhi)憂。
地域范圍
金田淮山農產品地理(li)標志產品的生產地域范圍為(wei)(wei)桂平(ping)市(shi)(shi)轄(xia)區(qu)內所(suo)有行(xing)政(zheng)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen),即西(xi)山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、蒙圩鎮(zhen)(zhen)、石龍鎮(zhen)(zhen)、厚祿鄉(xiang)、白沙鎮(zhen)(zhen)、南木(mu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、金田鎮(zhen)(zhen)、垌心(xin)鄉(xiang)、紫(zi)荊鎮(zhen)(zhen)、江口鎮(zhen)(zhen)、木(mu)樂(le)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、木(mu)圭鎮(zhen)(zhen)、石咀鎮(zhen)(zhen)、馬(ma)皮鄉(xiang)、油麻鎮(zhen)(zhen)、社坡鎮(zhen)(zhen)、尋(xun)旺鄉(xiang)、羅秀鎮(zhen)(zhen)、中沙鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大洋鎮(zhen)(zhen)、羅播鄉(xiang)、木(mu)根鎮(zhen)(zhen)、麻垌鎮(zhen)(zhen)、社步鎮(zhen)(zhen)、下灣鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大灣鎮(zhen)(zhen)等26個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen),414個(ge)行(xing)政(zheng)村、7763個(ge)村民小組、1個(ge)國有林場。 地理(li)坐標為(wei)(wei)東(dong)經109°41′55″至110°22′48″,北緯22°52′02″至23°48′04″。海拔33.3-1313.6米。東(dong)鄰(lin)平(ping)南縣(xian),南與(yu)玉(yu)林市(shi)(shi)的容縣(xian)、北流市(shi)(shi)、玉(yu)州(zhou)區(qu)、興業(ye)縣(xian)接壤,西(xi)連(lian)貴港市(shi)(shi)港北區(qu),北交(jiao)來賓(bin)市(shi)(shi)的武(wu)宣縣(xian)、金秀縣(xian)。邊界線總長(chang)375公里(li),東(dong)西(xi)寬69公里(li),南北長(chang)104公里(li)。
通過推(tui)廣(guang)無公(gong)害(hai)標準化(hua)種植(zhi),大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提高了淮山(shan)(shan)(shan)的產(chan)量和(he)(he)品(pin)質,鮮(xian)淮山(shan)(shan)(shan)平(ping)均畝(mu)產(chan)達到2000公(gong)斤以上,加上間(jian)套(tao)種其它作物,每畝(mu)收入(ru)超(chao)萬元。2007年(nian)通過國家標準化(hua)示(shi)范區驗收,2009年(nian)通過無公(gong)害(hai)基地和(he)(he)無公(gong)害(hai)產(chan)品(pin)認證,2010年(nian)獲(huo)得國家農產(chan)品(pin)地理(li)標志稱(cheng)(cheng)號,2011年(nian)金(jin)田(tian)鎮又(you)獲(huo)全國“一村(cun)一品(pin)示(shi)范村(cun)鎮”和(he)(he)“廣(guang)西淮山(shan)(shan)(shan)之鄉”稱(cheng)(cheng)號、金(jin)田(tian)鎮金(jin)田(tian)村(cun)被命名為“廣(guang)西淮山(shan)(shan)(shan)村(cun)”稱(cheng)(cheng)號。桂平(ping)市(shi)已把淮山(shan)(shan)(shan)產(chan)業列(lie)入(ru)“萬元增收工程(cheng)”,全力(li)把金(jin)田(tian)鎮打造成(cheng)“萬元片區”和(he)(he)“萬元村(cun)屯”樣板工程(cheng)。