產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征
1、外在感官特性特征:新賓遼細辛(xin)株高10-30cm,根莖橫(heng)生(sheng)(sheng)呈(cheng)(cheng)不規則圓(yuan)(yuan)柱狀,節明顯;下生(sheng)(sheng)多數(shu)細長黃白色根,具有特異辛(xin)香。成品齡細辛(xin)根長可達(da)30-36cm,比其它地(di)區遼細辛(xin)長5-6cm,具有產量(liang)優勢(shi)特征。葉(xie)(xie)1-2片,長柄生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)基部,葉(xie)(xie)片呈(cheng)(cheng)全緣心形,先端鈍尖(jian)或急尖(jian),基部兩側圓(yuan)(yuan)耳狀,葉(xie)(xie)表面、葉(xie)(xie)背面和(he)葉(xie)(xie)柄無毛,明顯區別于(yu)其它地(di)區所產的遼細辛(xin)
2、內在(zai)品質(zhi)指標:內在(zai)品質(zhi)符合《中國藥(yao)典》質(zhi)量(liang)指標要求(qiu):水分(fen)(fen)不(bu)得(de)超過(guo)10.0%;總灰分(fen)(fen)不(bu)得(de)超過(guo)12.0%;酸(suan)不(bu)溶(rong)性灰分(fen)(fen)不(bu)得(de)超過(guo)5.0%;馬兜鈴(ling)酸(suan)含(han)量(liang)不(bu)得(de)超過(guo)0.001%;浸出物不(bu)得(de)少(shao)于(yu)9.0%;揮發油不(bu)得(de)少(shao)于(yu)2.0%;細辛脂(zhi)素不(bu)得(de)少(shao)于(yu)0.050%。
3、質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)要(yao)求(qiu):3.1、新賓遼細(xi)辛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產加工(gong)銷(xiao)售主體(ti),建立健(jian)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi),按照規(gui)定(ding)范圍(wei)種植生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產。3.2、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產過程嚴格(ge)按照國(guo)家(jia)《中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)理(li)(li)規(gui)范》(GAP)和《撫順市無(wu)公害細(xi)辛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產技術規(gui)范》(DB2104/T-22-2005)執行。3.3、產地環境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)必須(xu)符合(he)《環境空氣質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)標(biao)準》(GB3095-2012)、《保(bao)護(hu)農作物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大氣污(wu)染最(zui)高允(yun)許濃度(du)(du)》(GB9137-88)《地表(biao)水環境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)標(biao)準》(GB3838-2002)、《土壤環境質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)標(biao)準》(GB15618-1995)、《農田(tian)灌溉(gai)水質(zhi)標(biao)準》(GB5084-2005)等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu);3.4、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產基(ji)地設(she)有(you)專業(ye)負(fu)責,健(jian)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產檔(dang)案(an),投入(ru)品(pin)(pin)使(shi)用應符合(he)《農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)安(an)全(quan)(quan)使(shi)用準則》(GB4285-2006)、《農藥(yao)(yao)(yao)合(he)理(li)(li)使(shi)用準則》(GB8321-2000)規(gui)定(ding),嚴禁在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產和加工(gong)過程使(shi)用禁用限用農藥(yao)(yao)(yao);合(he)理(li)(li)使(shi)用化(hua)肥,多施農家(jia)肥和有(you)機(ji)肥。3.5、產品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)指標(biao)符合(he)《中國(guo)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)典》細(xi)辛質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)指標(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關規(gui)定(ding)。3.6、加工(gong)產品(pin)(pin)全(quan)(quan)部實(shi)行包裝銷(xiao)售,包裝制(zhi)作按照國(guo)家(jia)《食品(pin)(pin)標(biao)識管(guan)理(li)(li)規(gui)定(ding)》和《關于(yu)加強中藥(yao)(yao)(yao)材飲片監督管(guan)理(li)(li)辦法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通知》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)進行包裝。3.7、建立質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)追(zhui)溯(su)體(ti)系(xi),將大型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產主體(ti)納入(ru)縣級的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)追(zhui)溯(su)平(ping)臺管(guan)理(li)(li),實(shi)行產品(pin)(pin)召回制(zhi)度(du)(du)。全(quan)(quan)面實(shi)現從生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產到銷(xiao)售的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)部質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)追(zhui)溯(su)監管(guan)過程。
地域范圍
地(di)理位置:新賓(bin)滿(man)族(zu)自治縣(以下簡(jian)稱新賓(bin)縣),地(di)處(chu)遼寧省東(dong)部長(chang)白山支脈(mo)龍(long)崗山余(yu)脈(mo)。新賓(bin)遼細辛人工栽培的核心區域(yu)(yu)位于新賓(bin)縣中(zhong)東(dong)部。所轄村鎮:北(bei)(bei)四(si)平鄉(xiang)(xiang)、紅廟子(zi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、旺清門(men)鎮、響水(shui)河子(zi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、紅升鄉(xiang)(xiang)、新賓(bin)鎮、永陵鎮、木(mu)奇(qi)鎮、榆樹鄉(xiang)(xiang)9個(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮,120個(ge)行政村。地(di)理經緯度(du):東(dong)經124°15′56〞至(zhi)124°25′3〞,北(bei)(bei)緯41°14′10〞至(zhi)41°28′50〞之間。海拔(ba)高度(du):平均海拔(ba)498m,最低(di)海拔(ba)123.8m,最高海拔(ba)1346.7m。區域(yu)(yu)邊界:東(dong)至(zhi)響水(shui)河子(zi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)大(da)禿(tu)頂子(zi)崗,與(yu)吉林省通化(hua)縣搭界;西至(zhi)木(mu)奇(qi)鎮大(da)房子(zi)村,與(yu)撫順(shun)縣相接;南至(zhi)榆樹鄉(xiang)(xiang)嘎叭(ba)寨雙頂子(zi)山,與(yu)桓仁縣接壤;北(bei)(bei)至(zhi)北(bei)(bei)四(si)平鄉(xiang)(xiang)老(lao)龍(long)崗山,與(yu)清原縣毗鄰。
自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)情況:1.1、暗棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、白漿土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、草甸(dian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)、沼澤土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的81.5%,其(qi)中,耕型土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)地(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的14.8%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang) PH值為(wei)4.5-7.9,平(ping)(ping)均(jun)為(wei)5.6,說明土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)PH值呈(cheng)現(xian)弱酸性。棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)分(fen)布(bu)在(zai)海拔600m以下的高山(shan)(shan)(shan)崗地(di)(di)、緩(huan)坡丘(qiu)陵。1.2、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥力:新賓縣(xian)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有機質含量平(ping)(ping)均(jun)為(wei)25.8 g/kg,有機質含量在(zai)20-40g/kg的土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang),占(zhan)全縣(xian)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的80%,有機質總(zong)(zong)體含量處于中等偏上水平(ping)(ping)。 1.3、地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌(mao):新賓縣(xian)地(di)(di)貌(mao)類型屬(shu)于構造侵(qin)蝕的中低(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu),境內峰巒疊(die)嶂(zhang),山(shan)(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)起(qi)伏(fu),群山(shan)(shan)(shan)綿延。山(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)占(zhan)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)(ji)的73.0%,丘(qiu)陵占(zhan)15.9%,平(ping)(ping)地(di)(di)占(zhan)8.9%,河流沼澤占(zhan)2.3%。總(zong)(zong)的地(di)(di)勢傾斜為(wei)東高西低(di),由東、北、南向中間傾斜,而又向西和緩(huan)漸次降低(di)。(呈(cheng)現(xian)為(wei)八山(shan)(shan)(shan)半(ban)水一分(fen)田,半(ban)分(fen)道路和莊(zhuang)園(yuan)的格局).
2、水(shui)文情況:新(xin)(xin)賓(bin)縣境內溪(xi)水(shui)縈繞,水(shui)源豐富(fu)(fu)、水(shui)量(liang)充(chong)沛、水(shui)質(zhi)良(liang)好(hao)。有蘇子河(he)、太子河(he)、富(fu)(fu)爾江三大(da)水(shui)系,有大(da)小(xiao)河(he)流1753條,河(he)道總長6,310公里(li)。新(xin)(xin)賓(bin)縣屬濕潤(run)地(di)區,氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)冷涼,無霜期(qi)短,有效積溫(wen)低,雨量(liang)充(chong)沛,太陽(yang)總輻射量(liang)少,日(ri)照時數較少,為(wei)“新(xin)(xin)賓(bin)遼(liao)細(xi)辛”喜陰涼、忌(ji)強(qiang)光(guang)、喜濕潤(run)、忌(ji)干(gan)旱、耐(nai)嚴寒(han)、忌(ji)高溫(wen)的(de)特(te)(te)性,提供了(le)得天獨(du)厚的(de)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)條件,有力于促進“新(xin)(xin)賓(bin)遼(liao)細(xi)辛”的(de)生長發育(yu)、提高產量(liang)。晝夜(ye)溫(wen)差大(da),在秋季“新(xin)(xin)賓(bin)遼(liao)細(xi)辛”成(cheng)熟期(qi),最(zui)大(da)溫(wen)差為(wei)13℃,白(bai)天氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)高有利于有機(ji)物(wu)合成(cheng),夜(ye)間氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)低代謝降低、減少消(xiao)耗,極有利于有機(ji)物(wu)形成(cheng)和(he)積累,因(yin)而蘊育(yu)了(le)“新(xin)(xin)賓(bin)遼(liao)細(xi)辛”獨(du)特(te)(te)的(de)上乘道地(di)品質(zhi),具有獨(du)特(te)(te)的(de)品質(zhi)優勢特(te)(te)征。