"房縣(xian)香菇(gu)"(產(chan)(chan)于湖北省房縣(xian),中(zhong)國地理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理(li)標(biao)志(zhi))。房縣(xian)在一千(qian)年前就有(you)香菇(gu)生產(chan)(chan),歷(li)有(you)"香菇(gu)山珍(zhen)"之稱。長久以來,房縣(xian)香菇(gu)以清香可口(kou)、味(wei)道鮮美(mei)而聞名于世(shi),是中(zhong)外(wai)名菜不可缺少的佐(zuo)味(wei)佳品(pin),被營養學家冠以"菌(jun)星"、"菇(gu)中(zhong)之王(wang)"、"素菜之葷"、"營養元素之寶庫"等美(mei)譽。遠(yuan)在美(mei)國加(jia)州,就有(you)中(zhong)餐館以"中(zhong)國房縣(xian)小花(hua)菇(gu)"的招(zhao)牌吸(xi)引(yin)食客。
產地環境
房縣(xian)(xian)位于(yu)鄂西北、大(da)巴山(shan)和武(wu)當山(shan)之(zhi)間。地(di)理坐(zuo)標為(wei)東(dong)經(jing)l1O°O2'~111°15',北緯31°34'~32°31'。地(di)勢(shi)西高東(dong)低、南陡北緩、四周高山(shan)環(huan)繞,由兩側(ce)分向中部傾斜,略成盆地(di)。全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)海拔180~2485.6米,地(di)形復雜(za),高差懸殊,日(ri)照時數(shu)在(zai)1700~2000小時之(zhi)間,平均每天日(ri)照5.1小時,平均日(ri)照率為(wei)42%;全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)平均氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)10~15℃,積端最高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)40.4℃,極端最低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)-17.6℃,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差在(zai)24℃左右(you),低山(shan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差較大(da),高山(shan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差較小,大(da)體與氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)一致,地(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)一般高于(yu)當地(di)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)約2℃左右(you)。房縣(xian)(xian)香菇屬于(yu)中溫(wen)(wen)(wen)型菌類,菌絲(si)在(zai)15~36℃之(zhi)間均能生長(chang)(chang),在(zai)22~32℃生長(chang)(chang),6~14℃能緩慢生長(chang)(chang)。房縣(xian)(xian)香菇對低溫(wen)(wen)(wen)有很強的(de)抵抗(kang)力,房縣(xian)(xian)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)范圍有利于(yu)菌絲(si)的(de)存活(huo)和生長(chang)(chang)發(fa)育。
品質特點
外在品質
房縣(xian)香菇(gu)菇(gu)形緊湊,形狀(zhuang)有半球型(xing)、扁(bian)半球型(xing)、傘型(xing)或扁(bian)平型(xing),銅鑼邊(bian),菌(jun)柄較(jiao)短,菌(jun)褶金黃,花菇(gu)菌(jun)蓋(gai)略(lve)呈褐(he)色、花紋明顯色白(bai),如龜裂,厚菇(gu)、薄菇(gu)菌(jun)蓋(gai)呈褐(he)色或淡褐(he)色。
內在品質
突(tu)出(chu)表現在"兩高"、"兩少(shao)(shao)":"兩高"即(ji)營養成(cheng)分高,藥用價值高,各種(zhong)營養成(cheng)分含量(liang)均高于國家標準,富含多(duo)種(zhong)核酸類物(wu)質和維生素,對小兒佝僂病、成(cheng)人心臟病、貧血、抗癌(ai)等病有(you)(you)食療作用;"兩少(shao)(shao)"即(ji)雜質含量(liang)少(shao)(shao),有(you)(you)害物(wu)質少(shao)(shao)。
品質特征
子(zi)實體發育厚(hou)、質優、香(xiang)氣(qi)馥郁、口感潤滑、風味獨(du)特。色澤好、外觀(guan)美、清香(xiang)滑膩(ni)、質地純正,營養豐富"。