產地環境

度(du)尾鎮位(wei)于(yu)仙游縣(xian)西部的(de)半山區丘(qiu)陵地(di)帶，區域面(mian)積113平方公里。全鎮耕地(di)面(mian)積3.6萬(wan)畝，山地(di)面(mian)積10萬(wan)畝。境(jing)內(nei)屬亞熱(re)帶海洋季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)，年均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)21℃，年降雨量1600—2000mm，日照充足、雨量充沛、水(shui)源豐富(fu)，形(xing)成(cheng)了優質(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)果特(te)別(bie)是(shi)文旦(dan)柚生(sheng)產的(de)獨(du)特(te)自然(ran)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)條件(jian)，是(shi)發(fa)展亞熱(re)帶植物的(de)天(tian)然(ran)寶地(di)。地(di)理(li)上，靠近戴云山脈，四面(mian)環山中成(cheng)盆地(di)。境(jing)內(nei)山地(di)土(tu)壤為磚(zhuan)紅性紅壤、沙質(zhi)(zhi)黃壤土(tu)，有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含量豐富(fu)，是(shi)發(fa)展綠(lv)色食物的(de)最適宜的(de)地(di)方，被譽為“水(shui)果之(zhi)鄉”。

品質特征

度(du)(du)尾文旦(dan)柚(you)是莆田(tian)四大(da)名果之一，是仙游(you)縣度(du)(du)尾鎮(zhen)特有的(de)名貴佳(jia)果，果實品質(zhi)(zhi)優良、氣味(wei)芬香、肉嫩(nen)汁(zhi)醇、甜酸適度(du)(du)、無籽少籽、清香爽(shuang)口、風味(wei)獨特。外(wai)觀形似(si)大(da)稱砣，色(se)澤(ze)青黃，果重800克左右。內含物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)豐富，具有較(jiao)高營養價值和藥(yao)用(yong)(yong)功效，經福(fu)建農(nong)林大(da)學測試(shi)中心(xin)檢(jian)測和天津(jin)輕工學院成份分析(xi)度(du)(du)尾文旦(dan)柚(you)的(de)有益氨基酸達18種，礦物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)達11種，并經福(fu)建中醫研究院檢(jian)測表明，度(du)(du)尾文旦(dan)柚(you)含有柚(you)甙、新(xin)橙甙、胡(hu)蘿(luo)卜素、維生素B、菸酸、鈣、磷、鐵(tie)、揮發油、糖和胰島(dao)素等成份，具有抗炎止咳、降(jiang)血壓(ya)、降(jiang)血糖等作用(yong)(yong)是藥(yao)膳兩宜(yi)的(de)美味(wei)佳(jia)果。

品種由來

度尾文(wen)(wen)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)植(zhi)歷史(shi)悠久(jiu)(jiu)，據傳說(shuo)，1833年(nian)(nian)（清道光十(shi)二(er)年(nian)(nian)）仙游縣度尾鎮潭邊村(cun)后庭組吳(wu)(wu)登青(qing)考中舉(ju)人(ren)，翌年(nian)(nian)他游覽(lan)浙江金(jin)華府(fu)與(yu)(yu)仕友(you)品(pin)(pin)嘗當(dang)(dang)地柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)子(zi)時(shi)，覺得(de)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)尚佳(jia)(jia)，更(geng)向(xiang)當(dang)(dang)地友(you)人(ren)討取柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)苗(miao)，并(bing)(bing)帶(dai)回幾棵(ke)(ke)種(zhong)植(zhi)在(zai)(zai)自(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)老家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)庭院內(nei)，經過(guo)幾年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)心培育，柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)枝旺葉盛不(bu)(bu)久(jiu)(jiu)更(geng)開花結果，到(dao)十(shi)月底柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)子(zi)成(cheng)熟(shu)時(shi)，色澤(ze)青(qing)黃果實重(zhong)2斤左右，采下品(pin)(pin)嘗時(shi)覺得(de)口(kou)感較好(hao)(hao)，但汁少(shao)有渣(zha)(zha)，果肉(rou)中含有許(xu)多(duo)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)籽(zi)(zi)，果形不(bu)(bu)規則，皮(pi)粗影響品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)，吳(wu)(wu)登青(qing)感覺到(dao)自(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)種(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)金(jin)華吃(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)上(shang)(shang)有明顯(xian)退化。吳(wu)(wu)舉(ju)人(ren)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)次朋(peng)友(you)聚會上(shang)(shang)，他了解到(dao)潭邊村(cun)有位青(qing)年(nian)(nian)女子(zi)叫吳(wu)(wu)接(jie)母(mu)，人(ren)長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清秀美(mei)麗，而且(qie)還是(shi)莆田仙戲班(ban)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個名(ming)(ming)(ming)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)，前幾年(nian)(nian)她在(zai)(zai)外出(chu)演出(chu)時(shi)，帶(dai)回一(yi)棵(ke)(ke)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)苗(miao)栽在(zai)(zai)自(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厝邊，已開花結果，其品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)優(you)良(liang)，不(bu)(bu)但口(kou)感好(hao)(hao)，柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)果肉(rou)無籽(zi)(zi)，汁多(duo)無渣(zha)(zha)，但果實不(bu)(bu)大，只有半市斤左右，吳(wu)(wu)登青(qing)獲悉后，帶(dai)著(zhu)(zhu)自(zi)己(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)子(zi)，到(dao)吳(wu)(wu)接(jie)母(mu)家拜訪，當(dang)(dang)二(er)人(ren)相互品(pin)(pin)嘗著(zhu)(zhu)對方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)子(zi)覺得(de)只有融合雙方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)點，才能達到(dao)良(liang)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)此，請果匠把吳(wu)(wu)接(jie)母(mu)栽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)穗剪下來，嫁(jia)接(jie)到(dao)吳(wu)(wu)登青(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)上(shang)(shang)。經過(guo)精(jing)心管理，新(xin)嫁(jia)接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樹(shu)(shu)終于結出(chu)果實了，到(dao)十(shi)月底采收時(shi)，果實重(zhong)達1.5-2市斤，形似(si)大稱砣，色澤(ze)青(qing)黃，產量(liang)也(ye)高，品(pin)(pin)嘗內(nei)質(zhi)時(shi)，具(ju)備了雙方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)點，清香(xiang)爽口(kou)、汁多(duo)肉(rou)嫩、無籽(zi)(zi)無渣(zha)(zha)、芬香(xiang)撲(pu)鼻，是(shi)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中佳(jia)(jia)品(pin)(pin)，吳(wu)(wu)舉(ju)人(ren)與(yu)(yu)吳(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)二(er)人(ren)非常高興(xing)視(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)奇珍異果，并(bing)(bing)取名(ming)(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“文(wen)(wen)旦(dan)(dan)(dan)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)”，其喻意為(wei)(wei)(wei)“文(wen)(wen)”舉(ju)人(ren)與(yu)(yu)名(ming)(ming)(ming)“旦(dan)(dan)(dan)”共同培育出(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)佳(jia)(jia)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)，而且(qie)名(ming)(ming)(ming)字也(ye)雅(ya)致含蓄。之后他們精(jing)心培植(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)繁育這一(yi)優(you)良(liang)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)，并(bing)(bing)贈送給(gei)親朋(peng)好(hao)(hao)友(you)種(zhong)植(zhi)，幾年(nian)(nian)后，在(zai)(zai)度尾鎮寶(bao)興(xing)、新(xin)厝子(zi)、陳(chen)庫幾個自(zi)然村(cun)等地都出(chu)現零星栽培這種(zhong)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)子(zi)。當(dang)(dang)時(shi)，由于這種(zhong)柚(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)子(zi)產量(liang)極少(shao)，多(duo)作珍品(pin)(pin)饋贈親朋(peng)好(hao)(hao)友(you)、上(shang)(shang)司、貴賓乃至被地方(fang)(fang)官府(fu)當(dang)(dang)作朝(chao)庭貢品(pin)(pin)向(xiang)上(shang)(shang)朝(chao)貢。

生產情況

清末栽培成功后，群眾(zhong)用高壓法育苗傳鄰(lin)村。1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，度尾(wei)(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)文(wen)旦(dan)柚(you)(you)(you)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)已達(da)到2500公(gong)斤。由于文(wen)旦(dan)柚(you)(you)(you)具有(you)(you)單性結(jie)實(shi)的(de)(de)特性，果(guo)實(shi)無籽脆(cui)甜。1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)11月，時(shi)(shi)任國(guo)(guo)家主(zhu)席(xi)的(de)(de)李(li)先念(nian)在(zai)福(fu)建視察(cha)時(shi)(shi)，品(pin)嘗之后為它命名(ming)“度尾(wei)(wei)(wei)無籽蜜柚(you)(you)(you)”。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)時(shi)(shi)該縣(xian)種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)總共只(zhi)有(you)(you)198畝(mu)(mu)，產(chan)量(liang)(liang)也只(zhi)有(you)(you)8噸。1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，經(jing)福(fu)建省科委(wei)鑒(jian)評，認(ren)定為優良柚(you)(you)(you)類品(pin)種(zhong)，同時(shi)(shi)被國(guo)(guo)家農業部，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)科學(xue)院、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)物研(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)確認(ren)為是柚(you)(you)(you)類中(zhong)的(de)(de)佳品(pin)。1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，該縣(xian)文(wen)旦(dan)柚(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)達(da)2481畝(mu)(mu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)1050噸，龍華(hua)、大濟(ji)、賴(lai)店、榜頭等也相繼引種(zhong)。1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)發(fa)展到1萬(wan)多畝(mu)(mu)規模，產(chan)量(liang)(liang)達(da)6000噸，產(chan)值1500多萬(wan)元，為了更好(hao)指導度尾(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)旦(dan)柚(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)發(fa)展，度尾(wei)(wei)(wei)鎮(zhen)1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)成立了度尾(wei)(wei)(wei)鎮(zhen)文(wen)旦(dan)柚(you)(you)(you)協會，1999年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)又成立度尾(wei)(wei)(wei)農工(gong)貿果(guo)品(pin)開發(fa)有(you)(you)限公(gong)司，向國(guo)(guo)家工(gong)商(shang)總局(ju)商(shang)標(biao)(biao)局(ju)申(shen)請注冊(ce)“度尾(wei)(wei)(wei)”牌(pai)文(wen)旦(dan)柚(you)(you)(you)這一地理標(biao)(biao)志商(shang)標(biao)(biao)，并(bing)在(zai)2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)4月得(de)到批準使用，注冊(ce)號為1388985號。2010年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，度尾(wei)(wei)(wei)鎮(zhen)種(zhong)植(zhi)文(wen)旦(dan)柚(you)(you)(you)3.5萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)達(da)2萬(wan)噸，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)可創產(chan)值7000萬(wan)元。