地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情況:興(xing)義黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位于(yu)云貴高(gao)(gao)原中(zhong)段,地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)西北高(gao)(gao)、東南低(di),山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起伏(fu)、河(he)流(liu)縱(zong)橫,喀斯特(te)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌發育十分良好(hao)(hao)。喀斯特(te)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌占(zhan)71.5%,丘(qiu)陵占(zhan)20.5%,平壩占(zhan)7.2%,村(cun)莊、河(he)流(liu)占(zhan)0.8%。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形以高(gao)(gao)原、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為主,地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌形態多樣,丘(qiu)、谷、壩、原(小型(xing)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原及高(gao)(gao)原)次(ci)級地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌分布在山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)。產(chan)區境內(nei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒重迭(die),其勢(shi)綿亙,起伏(fu)蜿蜒;叢山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)聳岳之間,沖谷縱(zong)橫,溝(gou)槽交(jiao)錯。黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)本具(ju)好(hao)(hao)動性,喜登高(gao)(gao),善游(you)走,攀爬能力強(qiang)。產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區域內(nei)多山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、坡陡,復雜的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌使(shi)得(de)興(xing)義黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)長期在山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高(gao)(gao)坡陡的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形中(zhong)活動。在這樣的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形中(zhong),興(xing)義黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)為了更好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)適應(ying)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理環境,長期的(de)(de)登高(gao)(gao)與跳躍能力得(de)到(dao)不斷加強(qiang),從而(er)增(zeng)強(qiang)了興(xing)義黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)體質,肌(ji)肉(rou)得(de)到(dao)很(hen)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)鍛煉,進而(er)賦予(yu)了興(xing)義黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)體質結實(shi),肉(rou)質鮮美,肌(ji)纖維細,肉(rou)質細嫩(nen),脂(zhi)肪含量低(di)、膻味輕的(de)(de)品質特(te)征。
氣(qi)候情況:興義(yi)(yi)黑山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)產區(qu)亞熱帶山(shan)地季風濕潤氣(qi)候,夏無(wu)(wu)酷暑,冬無(wu)(wu)嚴(yan)寒(han),雨(yu)(yu)量充(chong)沛,日(ri)照長(chang)。大部分地區(qu)年(nian)均氣(qi)溫(wen)在(zai)15℃~18℃之間(jian),一月平均氣(qi)溫(wen)7.1℃,七月平均氣(qi)溫(wen)22.2℃。雨(yu)(yu)熱同季,年(nian)降水量在(zai)1300~1600毫(hao)米之間(jian),無(wu)(wu)霜期在(zai)275~334天(tian)之間(jian)。產地區(qu)域內適宜的(de)氣(qi)候條件,一方面有(you)利(li)于(yu)境內豐富的(de)牧草資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)生長(chang);另一方面為興義(yi)(yi)黑山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)的(de)生長(chang)發育與營養積累提(ti)供了(le)溫(wen)暖而(er)舒適的(de)生活(huo)環(huan)境,在(zai)這樣優越的(de)環(huan)境下,興義(yi)(yi)黑山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉質(zhi)鮮嫩,皮(pi)板較厚,糯性較強,增加了(le)興義(yi)(yi)黑山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉獨特的(de)口感(gan)與品質(zhi)。
土壤(rang)(rang)水文(wen)情(qing)況:興(xing)義(yi)市(shi)東(dong)、南、西(xi)三面(mian)(mian)分別被馬(ma)嶺河、南盤江及黃泥河切(qie)割,市(shi)內(nei)(nei)有(you)大(da)小河流(liu)77條(tiao),屬雨源(yuan)型(xing)河流(liu),均屬珠江流(liu)域(yu)西(xi)江水系,水域(yu)面(mian)(mian)積85.78km2,占全(quan)市(shi)總(zong)面(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)2.95%。全(quan)市(shi)水資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)總(zong)量為(wei)(wei)16.93億m3,其(qi)中(zhong)地(di)下水資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)蘊藏量4.23億m3,市(shi)境(jing)內(nei)(nei)泉水有(you)483處,流(liu)量達4.65m3/s。產區土壤(rang)(rang)以(yi)黃壤(rang)(rang)、黃棕壤(rang)(rang)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),土壤(rang)(rang)pH范圍(wei)在5.5~7.0之間(jian),土壤(rang)(rang)發育程度(du)較深,結構良好(hao)(hao),富含有(you)機(ji)質,土層(ceng)厚度(du)≥50cm,土壤(rang)(rang)有(you)機(ji)質含量≥2.0%,其(qi)土質疏松,土壤(rang)(rang)富含鋅(xin)、硒(xi)等微量元素。豐富的(de)(de)(de)水資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)以(yi)及良好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)土壤(rang)(rang)條(tiao)件為(wei)(wei)興(xing)義(yi)黑山羊(yang)提供(gong)了(le)優越(yue)的(de)(de)(de)飼養環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)同時,也(ye)極(ji)其(qi)有(you)利于(yu)多種牧草(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)(de)生長(chang),牧草(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)(de)多樣(yang)性為(wei)(wei)興(xing)義(yi)黑山羊(yang)提供(gong)了(le)豐富的(de)(de)(de)飼草(cao)(cao)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan),山羊(yang)所采食的(de)(de)(de)飼草(cao)(cao)類多,尤其(qi)采食灌木(mu)(mu)嫩枝條(tiao),山羊(yang)的(de)(de)(de)體型(xing)和被毛(mao)更(geng)有(you)利于(yu)在灌木(mu)(mu)林中(zhong)放牧。灌木(mu)(mu)中(zhong)多富含氨基酸,長(chang)時間(jian)食用灌木(mu)(mu)也(ye)間(jian)接為(wei)(wei)山羊(yang)肉帶來了(le)更(geng)優異的(de)(de)(de)品質。
興義黑山羊主產(chan)于(yu)黔西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)州(zhou)興義市所轄敬南(nan)(nan)(nan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、泥凼鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)盤(pan)江鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、倉(cang)更鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、頂效(xiao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、魯屯鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、鄭(zheng)屯鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、萬(wan)(wan)屯鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、馬嶺鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、清水(shui)河鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、烏沙鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、威舍鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、白碗窯鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、捧乍鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、魯布格鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、三江口鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、七舍鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、則戎(rong)、滄江鄉(xiang)、洛萬(wan)(wan)鄉(xiang)、豬場坪(ping)鄉(xiang)、雄武鄉(xiang)共計22個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen),165個行政村(cun)(社區)。保(bao)護范圍魯屯鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)平壩村(cun)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)至(zhi)洛萬(wan)(wan)鄉(xiang)一心(xin)村(cun)、西(xi)(xi)至(zhi)三江口鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)梅坪(ping)村(cun)、北至(zhi)威舍鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)阿(a)依村(cun)。地理坐(zuo)標介于(yu):104°32′—105°11′,北緯(wei)24°38′—25°23′。養殖規(gui)模10萬(wan)(wan)只,年產(chan)量0.15萬(wan)(wan)噸。產(chan)值1.335億元。
外(wai)在感官(guan)特征(zheng):體格(ge)中等,體質(zhi)結實(shi),結構勻稱;被毛黑色(se)(se)為主,少有(you)褐、麻花色(se)(se);多數(shu)有(you)角(jiao),蹄(ti)質(zhi)堅實(shi)、蹄(ti)部(bu)蠟黃;肉(rou)鮮(xian)(xian)紅有(you)光(guang)澤,肉(rou)質(zhi)緊實(shi)有(you)彈性,膻味輕;湯汁鮮(xian)(xian)淳清亮。