旅游信息
俞(yu)樾故居(ju)位于蘇州市人(ren)民路馬醫(yi)科43號,占地(di)共2800平(ping)方(fang)米(mi),正(zheng)(zheng)宅居(ju)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),自南(nan)而北分(fen)(fen)五進(jin),其東(dong)又建(jian)配(pei)房若干(gan),與(yu)正(zheng)(zheng)宅之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)備弄分(fen)(fen)隔(ge)有(you)(you)(you)相互溝通。其西(xi)、北為(wei)(wei)(wei)亭(ting)園部分(fen)(fen),形(xing)(xing)成一(yi)曲尺形(xing)(xing),對正(zheng)(zheng)宅形(xing)(xing)成半包圍格局。正(zheng)(zheng)宅門廳(ting)和(he)轎廳(ting)皆為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。第三(san)進(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)宅的(de)主(zhu)廳(ting),名"樂知堂(tang)(tang)",面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深(shen)五界,為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)(quan)宅唯一(yi)大木(mu)結(jie)構采用扁作抬梁式的(de)建(jian)筑(zhu),用料(liao)較為(wei)(wei)(wei)粗壯,裝飾樸素簡潔。這里(li)為(wei)(wei)(wei)俞(yu)樾當(dang)年(nian)(nian)接待貴(gui)賓和(he)舉行生日(ri)祝(zhu)壽等喜慶活動的(de)場所。第四(si)、五進(jin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)內宅,即居(ju)住用房,與(yu)主(zhu)廳(ting)間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)封(feng)火(huo)山(shan)(shan)墻相隔(ge),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)石庫門相通;均面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)五間(jian)(jian)(jian),以(yi)(yi)東(dong)西(xi)兩廂貫通前(qian)(qian)后,組成一(yi)四(si)合(he)院。樂知堂(tang)(tang)西(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)春在(zai)堂(tang)(tang),面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深(shen)四(si)界。堂(tang)(tang)前(qian)(qian)綴(zhui)湖(hu)石,植(zhi)梧桐(tong),為(wei)(wei)(wei)俞(yu)樾當(dang)年(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)文(wen)會友和(he)講學(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)處。春在(zai)堂(tang)(tang)北突出一(yi)歇山(shan)(shan)頂(ding)小(xiao)軒(xuan),名“認春軒(xuan)”。軒(xuan)北雜植(zhi)花(hua)木(mu),疊(die)湖(hu)石小(xiao)山(shan)(shan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)屏,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)洞蜿蜒。穿(chuan)山(shan)(shan)洞右折,東(dong)北隅為(wei)(wei)(wei)面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)兩間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)“艮(gen)宧(yi)”,乃昔日(ri)琴室。循(xun)廊(lang)西(xi)行,有(you)(you)(you)書房三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),名“達(da)齋(zhai)”。出“達(da)齋(zhai)”沿廊(lang)南(nan)行,有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)小(xiao)亭(ting),三(san)面(mian)(mian)環水,池(chi)名“曲池(chi)”,亭(ting)名“曲水”。池(chi)東(dong)假山(shan)(shan)上有(you)(you)(you)“回峰(feng)閣”與(yu)亭(ting)相對,假山(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)門與(yu)內宅相通。亭(ting)南(nan)曲廊(lang)通春在(zai)堂(tang)(tang)。小(xiao)園面(mian)(mian)積僅200平(ping)方(fang)米(mi),但掇山(shan)(shan)開池(chi),建(jian)廊(lang)置(zhi)亭(ting),結(jie)構布局曲折多變,頗有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)見大之(zhi)(zhi)奇。
南面(mian)(mian)為(wei)(wei)"小(xiao)竹里館",為(wei)(wei)當年(nian)俞樾讀書之處,館南小(xiao)院載(zai)竹。春在(zai)堂北突出(chu)一歇(xie)山(shan)頂小(xiao)軒(xuan)(xuan),名(ming)(ming)(ming)"認春軒(xuan)(xuan)"。軒(xuan)(xuan)北雜(za)植花木,疊湖石小(xiao)山(shan)為(wei)(wei)屏,中有(you)(you)(you)山(shan)洞(dong)蜿蜒。穿山(shan)洞(dong)有(you)(you)(you)折,東(dong)北隅為(wei)(wei)面(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)兩間的"艮宦",乃昔日(ri)琴室。循廊西(xi)行(xing),有(you)(you)(you)書房三間,名(ming)(ming)(ming)"達齋"。出(chu)達齋沿(yan)廊南行(xing),有(you)(you)(you)一小(xiao)亭(ting)(ting)(ting),三面(mian)(mian)環(huan)水(shui),池(chi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)"曲池(chi)",亭(ting)(ting)(ting)名(ming)(ming)(ming)"曲水(shui)"。池(chi)東(dong)假(jia)山(shan)上有(you)(you)(you)"回(hui)峰閣(ge)"與(yu)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)相對,假(jia)山(shan)中原有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)門與(yu)內(nei)宅相通。亭(ting)(ting)(ting)南曲廊通春在(zai)堂。小(xiao)園(yuan)面(mian)(mian)積僅200平方米,建廊置亭(ting)(ting)(ting),結構布局曲折多變,頗有(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)中見大之奇。
俞樾簡介
(1821-1906 )字蔭甫(fu),自號曲園(yuan)居士,浙江(jiang)德清人(ren)。清道光三十年(1850年)進士,曾(ceng)任翰林院(yuan)編修。后受咸豐(feng)皇帝賞識,放任河南學(xue)(xue)政,被御史(shi)曹登(deng)庸劾(he)奏(zou)"試題割裂經(jing)義(yi)",因(yin)而(er)罷官。遂移居蘇州(zhou),潛心(xin)學(xue)(xue)術(shu)達40余載,曾(ceng)先(xian)后主講蘇州(zhou)紫(zi)陽書院(yuan)、杭州(zhou)詁經(jing)精舍、德清清溪書院(yuan)、菱湖(hu)龍湖(hu)書院(yuan)、上(shang)海求志書院(yuan)等(deng)。治(zhi)學(xue)(xue)以經(jing)學(xue)(xue)為主,旁及諸子(zi)學(xue)(xue)、史(shi)學(xue)(xue)、訓詁學(xue)(xue),乃至(zhi)戲曲、詩詞、小說、書法等(deng),可(ke)謂博(bo)大精深。海內及日本、朝鮮等(deng)國向(xiang)他求學(xue)(xue)者甚眾,尊之為樸學(xue)(xue)大師(shi)。俞樾平(ping)生勤(qin)奮治(zhi)學(xue)(xue),著作(zuo)極豐(feng),有(you)《春在堂(tang)前書》,近五百卷。
歷史沿革
1954年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),俞(yu)(yu)樾曾孫著(zhu)名學者(zhe)俞(yu)(yu)平(ping)伯(bo)先生將(jiang)曾祖故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)居捐獻歸公。1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)整修樂(le)(le)直堂(tang)(tang)(tang)、春(chun)在堂(tang)(tang)(tang)、小竹里館等廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)及(ji)小園(yuan)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)居先后(hou)由市(shi)文(wen)聯、戲曲研究所、評彈團、科學之家等單(dan)位使(shi)用。十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)動(dong)亂中(zhong),廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)損壞嚴重(zhong),園(yuan)中(zhong)假山、亭閣(ge)、曲廊、水池及(ji)花木(mu)被毀嚴重(zhong),并(bing)于(yu)其間建(jian)三(san)層居民(min)住宅樓一棟。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)俞(yu)(yu)平(ping)伯(bo)、顧頡剛、葉圣陶(tao)等知名人(ren)(ren)士聯名呼(hu)吁(yu)修復。1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)由市(shi)園(yuan)林局實(shi)施對故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)居廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)建(jian)筑的維修,至1983年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)完成(cheng)了樂(le)(le)知堂(tang)(tang)(tang)、春(chun)在堂(tang)(tang)(tang)等主要廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)的修復工作。1986年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)由市(shi)區文(wen)物保(bao)護管(guan)理所按名人(ren)(ren)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)居進行陳(chen)設(she)布(bu)置(zhi),并(bing)于(yu)當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)開放,供人(ren)(ren)參觀。1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)又動(dong)遷居民(min)20余(yu)戶,拆除(chu)園(yuan)內(nei)(nei)三(san)層住宅樓,修復門廳、轎廳和(he)園(yuan)中(zhong)亭、廊、齋、閣(ge)等建(jian)筑及(ji)曲池。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)繼續恢(hui)復假山,補(bu)栽花木(mu)。目前俞(yu)(yu)樾故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)居的廳堂(tang)(tang)(tang)及(ji)小園(yuan)已全面開放,供人(ren)(ren)參觀。所余(yu)兩進內(nei)(nei)宅上房及(ji)東(dong)側配房,仍為(wei)居民(min)使(shi)用,將(jiang)列入下一步(bu)整修規劃。