旅游信息
俞(yu)(yu)樾(yue)(yue)故居(ju)位于蘇(su)州市人民路馬醫(yi)科(ke)43號,占地共(gong)2800平方米,正宅(zhai)居(ju)中,自南而(er)北(bei)分(fen)五(wu)進(jin),其(qi)東(dong)(dong)又(you)建(jian)(jian)配(pei)房(fang)若干,與正宅(zhai)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)備(bei)弄分(fen)隔有(you)(you)相互(hu)溝通。其(qi)西、北(bei)為(wei)(wei)亭(ting)(ting)園部分(fen),形成一(yi)(yi)曲尺形,對正宅(zhai)形成半包圍格局。正宅(zhai)門廳(ting)和(he)(he)轎廳(ting)皆為(wei)(wei)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)。第(di)三(san)進(jin)為(wei)(wei)全宅(zhai)的(de)主(zhu)廳(ting),名(ming)(ming)"樂知(zhi)堂(tang)",面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深五(wu)界(jie),為(wei)(wei)全宅(zhai)唯(wei)一(yi)(yi)大(da)木結(jie)構采用(yong)扁作抬梁式的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑,用(yong)料較為(wei)(wei)粗壯(zhuang),裝飾樸素簡潔。這里為(wei)(wei)俞(yu)(yu)樾(yue)(yue)當年接(jie)待(dai)貴賓和(he)(he)舉行生日祝壽等喜慶活動的(de)場所。第(di)四(si)、五(wu)進(jin)為(wei)(wei)內宅(zhai),即居(ju)住用(yong)房(fang),與主(zhu)廳(ting)間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)封火(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)墻(qiang)相隔,中間(jian)(jian)(jian)以(yi)石(shi)庫門相通;均面(mian)闊(kuo)五(wu)間(jian)(jian)(jian),以(yi)東(dong)(dong)西兩(liang)廂貫通前后,組(zu)成一(yi)(yi)四(si)合院(yuan)。樂知(zhi)堂(tang)西為(wei)(wei)春(chun)在(zai)堂(tang),面(mian)闊(kuo)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)深四(si)界(jie)。堂(tang)前綴(zhui)湖(hu)石(shi),植梧桐,為(wei)(wei)俞(yu)(yu)樾(yue)(yue)當年以(yi)文(wen)會友和(he)(he)講學之處(chu)。春(chun)在(zai)堂(tang)北(bei)突出一(yi)(yi)歇山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)軒(xuan)(xuan)(xuan),名(ming)(ming)“認春(chun)軒(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)”。軒(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)北(bei)雜(za)植花木,疊湖(hu)石(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)(wei)屏(ping),中有(you)(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)洞(dong)蜿蜒。穿山(shan)(shan)(shan)洞(dong)右折(zhe),東(dong)(dong)北(bei)隅為(wei)(wei)面(mian)闊(kuo)兩(liang)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)“艮(gen)宧”,乃昔日琴室。循廊(lang)(lang)(lang)西行,有(you)(you)書(shu)房(fang)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian),名(ming)(ming)“達齋”。出“達齋”沿廊(lang)(lang)(lang)南行,有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)亭(ting)(ting),三(san)面(mian)環水,池(chi)(chi)名(ming)(ming)“曲池(chi)(chi)”,亭(ting)(ting)名(ming)(ming)“曲水”。池(chi)(chi)東(dong)(dong)假山(shan)(shan)(shan)上有(you)(you)“回(hui)峰閣”與亭(ting)(ting)相對,假山(shan)(shan)(shan)中原(yuan)有(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)門與內宅(zhai)相通。亭(ting)(ting)南曲廊(lang)(lang)(lang)通春(chun)在(zai)堂(tang)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)園面(mian)積(ji)僅200平方米,但掇山(shan)(shan)(shan)開池(chi)(chi),建(jian)(jian)廊(lang)(lang)(lang)置亭(ting)(ting),結(jie)構布局曲折(zhe)多變,頗有(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)中見(jian)大(da)之奇。
南(nan)面(mian)(mian)為(wei)"小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)竹(zhu)里(li)館",為(wei)當年俞樾讀書之處,館南(nan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)院(yuan)載(zai)竹(zhu)。春(chun)在(zai)堂北(bei)突出一歇山(shan)(shan)(shan)頂小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)軒,名(ming)"認春(chun)軒"。軒北(bei)雜植花木(mu),疊湖石小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)為(wei)屏(ping),中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)山(shan)(shan)(shan)洞蜿蜒。穿山(shan)(shan)(shan)洞有(you)折,東(dong)北(bei)隅為(wei)面(mian)(mian)闊兩間(jian)的"艮宦",乃昔日琴室(shi)。循廊西行,有(you)書房(fang)三間(jian),名(ming)"達(da)齋"。出達(da)齋沿廊南(nan)行,有(you)一小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)亭,三面(mian)(mian)環水(shui),池(chi)(chi)名(ming)"曲池(chi)(chi)",亭名(ming)"曲水(shui)"。池(chi)(chi)東(dong)假山(shan)(shan)(shan)上有(you)"回峰閣(ge)"與(yu)(yu)亭相(xiang)(xiang)對,假山(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)原(yuan)有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)門與(yu)(yu)內宅(zhai)相(xiang)(xiang)通。亭南(nan)曲廊通春(chun)在(zai)堂。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)園面(mian)(mian)積僅200平方(fang)米,建廊置亭,結構布局曲折多變,頗有(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)見大(da)之奇。
俞樾簡介
(1821-1906 )字(zi)蔭甫,自號曲園居士,浙江德清(qing)人。清(qing)道(dao)光三十年(1850年)進士,曾(ceng)(ceng)任翰(han)林院(yuan)編(bian)修。后受咸豐皇帝(di)賞識(shi),放任河南學(xue)(xue)(xue)政,被御史(shi)曹登(deng)庸劾奏"試題割裂(lie)經義",因而罷官(guan)。遂移居蘇州(zhou)(zhou),潛心(xin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)術達(da)40余載,曾(ceng)(ceng)先后主講蘇州(zhou)(zhou)紫(zi)陽書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)、杭(hang)州(zhou)(zhou)詁經精(jing)舍、德清(qing)清(qing)溪書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)、菱(ling)湖龍湖書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)、上海(hai)求(qiu)志書(shu)(shu)院(yuan)等(deng)。治(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)以經學(xue)(xue)(xue)為主,旁及(ji)諸子學(xue)(xue)(xue)、史(shi)學(xue)(xue)(xue)、訓詁學(xue)(xue)(xue),乃至戲曲、詩詞、小說、書(shu)(shu)法(fa)等(deng),可謂博大精(jing)深。海(hai)內及(ji)日本、朝鮮(xian)等(deng)國向(xiang)他求(qiu)學(xue)(xue)(xue)者(zhe)甚眾,尊之為樸學(xue)(xue)(xue)大師。俞樾平生勤奮治(zhi)學(xue)(xue)(xue),著作極豐,有《春在堂前書(shu)(shu)》,近(jin)五百卷(juan)。
歷史沿革
1954年(nian)(nian),俞(yu)樾曾(ceng)孫著名(ming)(ming)學者俞(yu)平伯(bo)先(xian)生將曾(ceng)祖故居(ju)(ju)捐獻歸公。1957年(nian)(nian)整(zheng)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)樂直(zhi)堂(tang)(tang)、春在堂(tang)(tang)、小(xiao)竹里館等廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)及(ji)小(xiao)園。故居(ju)(ju)先(xian)后(hou)由市(shi)文聯、戲曲研(yan)究所、評彈團、科學之家等單位(wei)使用。十年(nian)(nian)動(dong)亂中(zhong),廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)損(sun)壞(huai)嚴重,園中(zhong)假(jia)山、亭(ting)閣(ge)、曲廊、水(shui)池(chi)及(ji)花木被毀嚴重,并于其間建三(san)層居(ju)(ju)民住宅樓(lou)一棟。1980年(nian)(nian)俞(yu)平伯(bo)、顧頡剛、葉(xie)圣陶(tao)等知名(ming)(ming)人士聯名(ming)(ming)呼吁修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復。1982年(nian)(nian)由市(shi)園林局(ju)實施對故居(ju)(ju)廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)建筑的(de)(de)維修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),至1983年(nian)(nian)完(wan)成了樂知堂(tang)(tang)、春在堂(tang)(tang)等主要(yao)廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復工作。1986年(nian)(nian)由市(shi)區文物保(bao)護管理所按名(ming)(ming)人故居(ju)(ju)進行陳(chen)設布置,并于當(dang)年(nian)(nian)10月開(kai)放,供(gong)人參(can)觀(guan)。1989年(nian)(nian)又(you)動(dong)遷(qian)居(ju)(ju)民20余戶,拆除園內三(san)層住宅樓(lou),修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)復門廳(ting)、轎(jiao)廳(ting)和園中(zhong)亭(ting)、廊、齋、閣(ge)等建筑及(ji)曲池(chi)。1990年(nian)(nian)繼續(xu)恢復假(jia)山,補栽花木。目(mu)前俞(yu)樾故居(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)廳(ting)堂(tang)(tang)及(ji)小(xiao)園已(yi)全面開(kai)放,供(gong)人參(can)觀(guan)。所余兩進內宅上(shang)房(fang)及(ji)東(dong)側(ce)配房(fang),仍為居(ju)(ju)民使用,將列入下一步(bu)整(zheng)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)規劃。