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基本介紹

在(zai)放(fang)(fang)生(sheng)池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)湖(hu)(hu)心(xin)(xin)亭(ting)(ting)一座，顧名思義(yi)，亭(ting)(ting)建在(zai)湖(hu)(hu)心(xin)(xin)，環水縈回，猶如島嶼，仿佛(fo)蓬萊。亭(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)六角(jiao)，磚木結構，樓(lou)閣(ge)(ge)形式(shi)，雙重飛檐，輕盈多姿(zi)，造(zao)型(xing)優美。亭(ting)(ting)以(yi)粉墻分(fen)間內外(wai)，東西(xi)(xi)兩面(mian)各(ge)設大(da)門，通過九(jiu)曲石橋與兩岸連接。亭(ting)(ting)外(wai)有(you)檐廊，設置靠欄，觀(guan)魚翔戲樂，看(kan)神(shen)黿出水，令人陶醉，依戀(lian)忘返(fan)。更(geng)為(wei)(wei)獨特之(zhi)處是(shi)亭(ting)(ting)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)亭(ting)(ting)相套(tao)，同(tong)(tong)是(shi)六角(jiao)，似(si)是(shi)外(wai)亭(ting)(ting)的微型(xing)，不同(tong)(tong)者(zhe)內亭(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)單檐。內亭(ting)(ting)東面(mian)供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)阿彌陀佛(fo)，以(yi)示憑藉佛(fo)力，擺脫畜生(sheng)惡道(dao)的輪回之(zhi)苦，得往生(sheng)西(xi)(xi)方極樂世界。西(xi)(xi)面(mian)供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)蓮(lian)池(chi)大(da)師(shi)，大(da)師(shi)是(shi)明代四大(da)高僧之(zhi)一，俗姓沈(shen)，字佛(fo)慧，號(hao)蓮(lian)池(chi)。大(da)師(shi)主(zhu)張凈土，提倡放(fang)(fang)生(sheng)，于(yu)城內外(wai)開放(fang)(fang)生(sheng)池(chi)，撰《戒殺(sha)放(fang)(fang)生(sheng)文(wen)》，以(yi)誡(jie)害(hai)物，故在(zai)放(fang)(fang)生(sheng)池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)立像(xiang)供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)，作(zuo)僧人像(xiang)。而(er)且蓮(lian)池(chi)大(da)師(shi)還是(shi)戒幢(chuang)律(lv)寺大(da)弘律(lv)法的第一代住持茂(mao)林律(lv)師(shi)的恩師(shi)，供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)其(qi)像(xiang)亦(yi)寓懷祖念本(ben)之(zhi)意。內亭(ting)(ting)下(xia)部(bu)是(shi)近(jin)年修葺寺宇時，用豐子愷的護生(sheng)畫(hua)補繪。若說西(xi)(xi)花(hua)園以(yi)放(fang)(fang)生(sheng)池(chi)為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)，那么湖(hu)(hu)心(xin)(xin)亭(ting)(ting)則是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)的核心(xin)(xin)，而(er)亭(ting)(ting)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)又是(shi)核心(xin)(xin)的“核心(xin)(xin)”。亭(ting)(ting)閣(ge)(ge)倒影，映入池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，可(ke)謂(wei)亭(ting)(ting)池(chi)互輝；藍天白云，飄浮湖(hu)(hu)面(mian)，悠(you)悠(you)緲緲；池(chi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設蓮(lian)花(hua)噴泉，條條水線從(cong)花(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)迸射，蓮(lian)蕾荷(he)葉(xie)一旁襯(chen)托，這(zhe)種虛實倒影的藝術效果，構成(cheng)(cheng)亭(ting)(ting)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)亭(ting)(ting)畫(hua)面(mian)，幻化成(cheng)(cheng)天與水、人與佛(fo)、世間與天國的微妙結合，真可(ke)謂(wei)出神(shen)入化、淋(lin)漓盡致。

湖心亭原有(you)亭額“月照潭(tan)心”，如在此觀(guan)賞夜(ye)景，月影、亭影、樹影，使油(you)然產生一種超越空間(jian)的感(gan)覺，是天上(shang)(shang)之(zhi)人(ren)(ren)間(jian)乎？抑或人(ren)(ren)間(jian)之(zhi)天上(shang)(shang)？亭中原有(you)聯語：

圣教名(ming)言：獨樂何如同樂；

佛家宗旨：殺生不如放生。

湖(hu)心亭(ting)(ting)(ting)東南角有(you)一處黃石(shi)壘砌的假(jia)山(shan)，山(shan)有(you)空洞可穿行，又有(you)石(shi)級可攀登(deng)，曲(qu)徑迂回，逶迤起伏。登(deng)上(shang)山(shan)巔，赫然(ran)又是一座六角亭(ting)(ting)(ting)。前亭(ting)(ting)(ting)在(zai)(zai)水(shui)中，此(ci)(ci)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)在(zai)(zai)山(shan)上(shang)，山(shan)雖不(bu)高，略(lve)可小憩憑眺，極目望去(qu)，西花園可收眼底；涼風襲(xi)來(lai)，樹影娑婆，使人(ren)心曠神怡。此(ci)(ci)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)名曰“云棲(qi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)”，其(qi)緣起亦因蓮(lian)池(chi)大(da)師而(er)來(lai)，大(da)師幼習儒業，中年(nian)皈依佛教(jiao)，在(zai)(zai)39歲(sui)那年(nian)，即隆慶五年(nian)（1571）入杭(hang)州(zhou)云棲(qi)山(shan)，教(jiao)化遠(yuan)近(jin)，衲子云集(ji)，遂成(cheng)叢林。大(da)師示寂后，集(ji)其(qi)著作為(wei)《云棲(qi)法匯》。為(wei)了紀念大(da)師的功德，故(gu)于放(fang)(fang)生池(chi)畔、假(jia)山(shan)之上(shang)立(li)云棲(qi)亭(ting)(ting)(ting)，從內涵上(shang)把兩亭(ting)(ting)(ting)相連，在(zai)(zai)放(fang)(fang)生的主題下融為(wei)一體。