一、無氧銅桿是什么

無氧銅桿是光(guang)亮銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)的一種，光(guang)亮銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)還包括低氧(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)、普(pu)(pu)通(tong)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)和其(qi)它銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)，無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)的含氧(yang)量通(tong)常小于20ppm，導電率是普(pu)(pu)通(tong)銅(tong)桿(gan)(gan)的102.3%。

由于生產銅桿的工藝不同，所生產的銅桿中的含氧量及外觀就不同，上引生產的銅桿，工藝得當氧含量在20ppm以下，叫無氧銅桿。連鑄連軋生產的銅桿是在保護條件下的熱軋，氧含量在200-500ppm范圍內，但有時也高達700ppm以上，一般情況下，此種方法生產的銅外表光亮，俗稱光亮桿。

無氧銅桿是(shi)不(bu)含(han)氧也不(bu)含(han)任(ren)何脫氧劑殘留物的純(chun)銅，但(dan)實際上還是(shi)含(han)有非常微量氧和一(yi)些雜(za)質。按(an)標準規定(ding)，氧的含(han)量不(bu)大(da)于(yu)0.02%，雜(za)質總含(han)量不(bu)大(da)于(yu)0.05%，銅的純(chun)度大(da)于(yu)99.95%。

根據含氧(yang)(yang)量和雜質(zhi)含量，無(wu)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)又分為TU1和TU2銅(tong)桿(gan)，TU1無(wu)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)桿(gan)純度達到99.99%，氧(yang)(yang)含量不(bu)大于0.001%；TU2無(wu)氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)純度達到99.95%，氧(yang)(yang)含量不(bu)大于0.002%。

該圖片由注冊用戶"天空之城"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、無氧銅桿和低氧銅桿的區別

1、生產工藝不同

低氧銅桿是(shi)以銅為原料，經過(guo)連鑄連軋法生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)出來含(han)氧量200（175）—400（450）ppm之間銅桿材(cai)。其生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工藝是(shi)金屬在豎(shu)爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)融(rong)化后，銅液通(tong)過(guo)保(bao)溫爐(lu)(lu)、溜槽、中(zhong)間包，從(cong)澆(jiao)管進入封閉的(de)模腔內(nei)，采用較大的(de)冷卻強(qiang)度進行冷卻，形成鑄坯，然后進行多道次軋制。

無氧銅桿一般(ban)采用上引連(lian)鑄(zhu)法生產，含(han)氧量(liang)一般(ban)在20ppm以(yi)下。無氧銅桿的生產工(gong)(gong)藝是(shi)金屬在感應(ying)電(dian)爐中融化后(hou)(hou)通過(guo)石(shi)墨(mo)模進行上引連(lian)續鑄(zhu)造(zao)，之后(hou)(hou)進行冷軋或冷加工(gong)(gong)。

2、組織結構不同

低氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)桿為(wei)熱(re)加工(gong)組織，在8mm桿時已有再結晶(jing)形式出現。從組織上看，低氧(yang)(yang)銅(tong)(tong)桿中的氧(yang)(yang)以氧(yang)(yang)化銅(tong)(tong)的狀態，存(cun)在于(yu)晶(jing)粒邊界附近(jin)。

無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿為(wei)鑄造組織，晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)粗大，這就是無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿再結晶(jing)(jing)溫(wen)(wen)度較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)、需(xu)要較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)退(tui)火溫(wen)(wen)度的(de)(de)原因(yin)。由于再結晶(jing)(jing)發(fa)生在晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)邊(bian)界附(fu)近，無氧(yang)銅(tong)桿組織晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)粗大，晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)尺(chi)寸甚(shen)至能(neng)達幾個毫(hao)米，因(yin)而(er)晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)邊(bian)界少，即使通(tong)過(guo)拉制變形(xing)，但晶(jing)(jing)粒(li)邊(bian)界相對低氧(yang)銅(tong)桿還是較(jiao)少，所以需(xu)要較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)退(tui)火功率。

3、含氧量不同

低氧(yang)銅桿的(de)含氧(yang)量一(yi)般(ban)在200（175）—400（450）ppm，因此氧(yang)是在銅液態狀態下吸入的(de)，好的(de)銅桿一(yi)般(ban)含氧(yang)量控制在250ppm左(zuo)右(you)。

無氧銅(tong)桿(gan)含氧量(liang)在(zai)(zai)10-20ppm以(yi)下，但(dan)目前有的(de)銅(tong)排(pai)廠家(jia)只(zhi)能做到50ppm以(yi)下。氧在(zai)(zai)液態(tai)銅(tong)下保持相當(dang)時間后，被還原(yuan)而脫去(qu)，通常這種(zhong)桿(gan)的(de)含氧量(liang)都在(zai)(zai)10-50ppm以(yi)下，甚至可低(di)至1-2ppm。

4、拉制性能不同

低(di)氧銅(tong)(tong)桿對(dui)漆包線(xian)(xian)性能更適應(ying)些(xie)，如(ru)柔軟性、回彈角(jiao)、繞線(xian)(xian)性能，但低(di)氧銅(tong)(tong)桿對(dui)拉絲(si)條(tiao)(tiao)件相對(dui)要苛刻(ke)些(xie)。同(tong)(tong)樣拉伸0.2的細絲(si)，如(ru)果伸線(xian)(xian)條(tiao)(tiao)件不好，普(pu)(pu)通的無(wu)氧銅(tong)(tong)桿可拉，而(er)(er)好的低(di)氧桿就斷線(xian)(xian)；但如(ru)果放在好的伸線(xian)(xian)條(tiao)(tiao)件，同(tong)(tong)樣的桿子(zi)，低(di)氧桿說不定(ding)就能拉到雙零(ling)五，而(er)(er)普(pu)(pu)通無(wu)氧銅(tong)(tong)桿只(zhi)(zhi)能拉伸到0.1而(er)(er)已。低(di)溫(wen)(wen)超(chao)導線(xian)(xian)中的低(di)溫(wen)(wen)級(ji)無(wu)氧銅(tong)(tong)桿，其細絲(si)間的間距(ju)只(zhi)(zhi)有0.001mm。

5、具體用途不同

無氧銅桿一般(ban)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)解銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)生產，電(dian)阻率和加工性(xing)能優(you)于低(di)氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿，因此生產高要(yao)求的(de)電(dian)工材料一般(ban)采用(yong)(yong)無氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿，比如做(zuo)漆包線，無氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿電(dian)阻更小(xiao)，應用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)機時發熱情況時要(yao)優(you)于低(di)氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿。現在基本上是大規(gui)格、電(dian)阻要(yao)求低(di)的(de)電(dian)工產品用(yong)(yong)低(di)氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿；小(xiao)規(gui)格、電(dian)阻要(yao)求高的(de)用(yong)(yong)無氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿。而音響線一般(ban)反而喜歡(huan)用(yong)(yong)無氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿，這和無氧(yang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)桿是單晶銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、低(di)氧(yang)桿是多晶銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)有關。