【輸(shu)卵(luan)管(guan)通(tong)而(er)(er)不暢(chang)】輸(shu)卵(luan)管(guan)通(tong)而(er)(er)不暢(chang)怎么辦 輸(shu)卵(luan)管(guan)通(tong)而(er)(er)不暢(chang)的原因
輸卵管通而不暢的原因
造成輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)通(tong)(tong)而(er)不暢或功能(neng)障礙(ai)的原因主(zhu)要是(shi)急、慢性輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)癥。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)，可(ke)分為(wei)(wei)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)粘(zhan)膜(mo)(mo)炎(yan)和(he)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)周(zhou)(zhou)圍炎(yan)，兩者均為(wei)(wei)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)通(tong)(tong)而(er)不暢的常見(jian)病(bing)因。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)粘(zhan)膜(mo)(mo)炎(yan)嚴重者可(ke)引起管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)腔(qiang)完全堵(du)塞(sai)而(er)致不孕，輕者盡(jin)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)腔(qiang)未全堵(du)塞(sai)，但粘(zhan)膜(mo)(mo)皺褶發生粘(zhan)連使管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)腔(qiang)變(bian)(bian)窄(zhai)，或纖(xian)毛(mao)缺損(sun)影響(xiang)(xiang)受精卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)在(zai)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內正常運行，中途受阻而(er)在(zai)該處著床(chuang)從而(er)引起宮外孕的發生。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)周(zhou)(zhou)圍炎(yan)病(bing)變(bian)(bian)主(zhu)要在(zai)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的漿膜(mo)(mo)層，常造成輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)周(zhou)(zhou)圍粘(zhan)連，輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)扭曲，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)腔(qiang)狹窄(zhai)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)壁肌(ji)蠕動減弱，影響(xiang)(xiang)受精卵(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)的運行。
淋菌(jun)及沙眼衣(yi)原(yuan)體所致的(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)常累及粘(zhan)膜，而(er)(er)流產(chan)(chan)或(huo)分娩后感(gan)染(ran)往(wang)往(wang)引起輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)近端堵塞(sai)或(huo)通(tong)(tong)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)暢或(huo)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)周圍炎(yan)(yan)。結(jie)(jie)核性(xing)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)病變(bian)(bian)重，治(zhi)愈后多造成(cheng)不(bu)(bu)孕，偶爾妊娠，約1/3為輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)妊娠。結(jie)(jie)節(jie)(jie)性(xing)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)峽部(bu)炎(yan)(yan)是一種特(te)殊(shu)類型(xing)的(de)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)。該(gai)病變(bian)(bian)系由于輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)粘(zhan)膜上皮呈憩室樣向峽部(bu)肌(ji)壁內伸(shen)展，肌(ji)壁發(fa)生結(jie)(jie)節(jie)(jie)性(xing)增生，使輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)近端肌(ji)層肥厚，影響(xiang)其蠕動功(gong)能，造成(cheng)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)通(tong)(tong)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)暢。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)炎(yan)(yan)還可由于輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)周圍器官或(huo)組織炎(yan)(yan)癥而(er)(er)繼發(fa)，尤其是在輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)傘部(bu)或(huo)卵(luan)(luan)巢周圍形(xing)成(cheng)炎(yan)(yan)癥粘(zhan)連，使輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)傘部(bu)部(bu)分梗阻，甚至(zhi)不(bu)(bu)能將(jiang)排出的(de)卵(luan)(luan)細胞吸(xi)入(ru)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)內與精子相遇導致不(bu)(bu)孕。因此，曾患(huan)有(you)(you)附件(jian)炎(yan)(yan)、化膿性(xing)闌尾炎(yan)(yan)、結(jie)(jie)核性(xing)腹膜炎(yan)(yan)、肺結(jie)(jie)核、子宮內膜異位癥的(de)患(huan)者(zhe)，有(you)(you)過(guo)不(bu)(bu)全流產(chan)(chan)、藥物流產(chan)(chan)、人(ren)工流產(chan)(chan)術后發(fa)燒(shao)、腹痛和產(chan)(chan)褥感(gan)染(ran)的(de)患(huan)者(zhe)，淋病等性(xing)病患(huan)者(zhe)以及有(you)(you)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)畸形(xing)的(de)患(huan)者(zhe)，均有(you)(you)可能導致輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)通(tong)(tong)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)暢。
輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)液術(shu)又稱輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，是(shi)(shi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)暢性(xing)(xing)粗(cu)略檢查(cha)方(fang)法之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。可(ke)(ke)以大體估計，但不(bu)可(ke)(ke)以此為準。有(you)的(de)(de)人(ren)利(li)用(yong)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)疏(shu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管，這(zhe)僅僅只(zhi)對輕(qing)度的(de)(de)粘(zhan)(zhan)連有(you)用(yong)，但是(shi)(shi)效果不(bu)能(neng)(neng)肯定(ding)。如果粘(zhan)(zhan)連是(shi)(shi)輕(qing)度的(de)(de)話，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般在(zai)做輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管造(zao)(zao)影時就能(neng)(neng)將它沖開的(de)(de)，造(zao)(zao)影都(dou)沒有(you)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)開的(de)(de)話，用(yong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)來疏(shu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)性(xing)(xing)就不(bu)大了(le)。尤其是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)而另一(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)不(bu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)者(zhe)，通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)時，水(shui)(shui)(shui)向(xiang)壓力低的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)流動(dong)，都(dou)到通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)那一(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)了(le)，對不(bu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)，影響不(bu)大的(de)(de)。臨床上見過(guo)很多(duo)病人(ren)對輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)不(bu)了(le)解，盲目的(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，反復(fu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)對輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管有(you)害無益，一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)反復(fu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)有(you)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)影響到輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管自身的(de)(de)蠕動(dong)能(neng)(neng)力和纖毛的(de)(de)擺動(dong)能(neng)(neng)力；二(er)是(shi)(shi)，每做一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)就增加(jia)了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)感染的(de)(de)機(ji)會(hui)，尤其是(shi)(shi)消毒(du)不(bu)嚴(yan)的(de)(de)情況下，很多(duo)原本輸(shu)(shu)(shu)卵(luan)(luan)(luan)管不(bu)是(shi)(shi)很嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)，做通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)后可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步加(jia)重。
輸卵管通而不暢怎么辦
如(ru)果想(xiang)自然(ran)受孕的話，必須(xu)先得疏通輸卵管(guan)；如(ru)果做試管(guan)，直接做就行(xing)。
宮腔粘連、輸卵管不通(tong)，雖然(ran)有吃藥、打(da)針、輸液、通(tong)水、針灸(jiu)、理療(liao)等多種方法(fa)治療(liao)，但是見效緩慢(man)或(huo)起效時(shi)間(jian)不定甚(shen)至很(hen)長(chang)時(shi)間(jian)不見效果，難(nan)以讓患者滿意，難(nan)令人(ren)心服口服。
就其病源，從病理學角度分(fen)析，宮(gong)腔(qiang)粘連(lian)、輸卵管不通(tong)大致分(fen)為以下三種情(qing)況：
1、粘膜組(zu)織粘連(lian)；這(zhe)種情況用藥物(wu)如中藥的活(huo)血化淤(yu)藥物(wu)等有可能疏通成功，但(dan)不是絕(jue)對的，吃了幾(ji)個(ge)月甚至一年多(duo)藥物(wu)仍未疏通的大(da)有人在。
2、結締組織粘連(lian)；
3、3、肌(ji)層(ceng)粘(zhan)連(lian)。后兩種情況(kuang)，用藥物是不(bu)可能解決(jue)的(de)(de)，即使多次通(tong)水也不(bu)可能疏(shu)(shu)通(tong)輸(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管。光(guang)下(xia)導絲(si)(si)介(jie)入術疏(shu)(shu)通(tong)輸(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管，看(kan)似容易，其實(shi)效果并不(bu)理想(xiang)：有兩大“先天”“致命(ming)”缺(que)陷，一(yi)為(wei)X光(guang)的(de)(de)放射(she)線潛在影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)；二為(wei)導絲(si)(si)介(jie)入影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)輸(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管內的(de)(de)纖(xian)毛組織(zhi)，影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)的(de)(de)深(shen)淺幅度(du)及范(fan)圍大小不(bu)易控制，有繼發宮外孕(yun)之虞，況(kuang)且大量的(de)(de)臨床實(shi)踐證明，X光(guang)下(xia)導絲(si)(si)介(jie)入術疏(shu)(shu)通(tong)輸(shu)卵(luan)(luan)管術后患者的(de)(de)受孕(yun)率(lv)并不(bu)理想(xiang)，遠(yuan)遠(yuan)低于(yu)正常(chang)水平腹腔鏡。
