一、儲能變流器是什么
儲能變流器(Power Conversion System)英文簡稱PCS,又稱儲(chu)能逆變(bian)器(qi),可(ke)控制(zhi)蓄電(dian)(dian)池的(de)充電(dian)(dian)和放電(dian)(dian)過程(cheng),進行交直(zhi)流的(de)變換(huan),在無電(dian)(dian)網情況下可(ke)以直(zhi)接為交流負荷(he)供電(dian)(dian)。
儲能變流(liu)(liu)器(qi)PCS由DC/AC雙向變流(liu)(liu)器(qi)、控(kong)制單元等構成(cheng)。PCS控(kong)制器(qi)通(tong)過(guo)通(tong)訊接(jie)收后臺控(kong)制指令,根據功(gong)(gong)率指令的(de)(de)符號及大小控(kong)制變流(liu)(liu)器(qi)對電池進行(xing)充電或(huo)放(fang)電,實現對電網有(you)功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率及無(wu)功(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)率的(de)(de)調節。PCS控(kong)制器(qi)通(tong)過(guo)CAN接(jie)口與BMS通(tong)訊,獲取電池組狀態信息(xi),可實現對電池的(de)(de)保護性充放(fang)電,確保電池運行(xing)安全。
二、光伏逆變器是什么
光伏逆變器英文名為PV inverter,是(shi)指可將光(guang)伏太陽能板產(chan)生的(de)可變直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)壓轉換為市電(dian)(dian)頻率交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)的(de)逆變器,通常被輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)系統(tong)、電(dian)(dian)網、電(dian)(dian)站應用,是(shi)光(guang)伏陣列系統(tong)中重要(yao)的(de)系統(tong)平衡(BOS)之(zhi)一。
光(guang)伏逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)缺點是(shi)只(zhi)能(neng)(neng)在白天發電(dian)(dian)(dian),發電(dian)(dian)(dian)功率易受到天氣影響(xiang)等,針對這些問題(ti),儲能(neng)(neng)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)(qi)成功問世。當(dang)(dang)負荷低谷時(shi),儲能(neng)(neng)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)(qi)將輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)用蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池存儲。當(dang)(dang)負荷高峰(feng)時(shi),儲能(neng)(neng)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)(qi)將釋放存儲的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng),以減少對電(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)壓力。當(dang)(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網陷入故障時(shi),儲能(neng)(neng)逆(ni)變(bian)器(qi)(qi)可(ke)切換(huan)成離網模式(shi)繼續供電(dian)(dian)(dian)。
三、儲能變流器和光伏逆變器的區別
1、自用率
儲能逆變器的自用率最高可到80%。光伏逆變器的自用(yong)率(lv)通常(chang)在20%左右。
2、市電故障
當市電(dian)故(gu)障時,光(guang)伏逆變器將陷(xian)入癱瘓狀態,儲能逆變器可轉換(huan)離網模式高效供(gong)電(dian)。
3、收益
在并網發電補貼下(xia)調的背景下(xia),儲(chu)能(neng)逆(ni)變器收益(yi)將(jiang)比光伏(fu)逆(ni)變器更高(gao)。
4、天氣因素
光伏逆變器有多種限制,如只能白天發電、發電功率受天氣影響、具有不可預見性等。儲能逆變器沒有以上問題。