位(wei)于離平度市城(cheng)(cheng)區(qu)約30公(gong)里的古(gu)峴鎮大(da)朱毛村一帶,因(yin)古(gu)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)水河得名即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)。戰國時(shi)屬齊(qi)邑,秦時(shi)置縣,西(xi)漢時(shi)為膠東國之(zhi)都城(cheng)(cheng),又因(yin)膠東國康王都此(ci),人稱(cheng)“康王城(cheng)(cheng)”。東漢時(shi)期,膠東與即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)分治。北(bei)齊(qi)天(tian)保七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)556年(nian)(nian))裁撤即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)縣,該城(cheng)(cheng)逐漸傾(qing)圮。
即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)春秋戰(zhan)國(guo)時期齊(qi)邑。因(yin)(yin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)臨墨(mo)(mo)(mo)水,故(gu)(gu)曰即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo);后(hou)(hou)世因(yin)(yin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)朱毛村,《左(zuo)(zuo)傳(chuan)》襄公六(liu)年(nian)(公元(yuan)前(qian)(qian)567年(nian)):“十一月,齊(qi)侯滅萊”,乃(nai)建(jian)此城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)(yu)原萊國(guo)之中,北依(yi)群山,南控(kong)芥莒。田(tian)齊(qi)置邑,封重臣為(wei)(wei)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)大夫。春秋時期,齊(qi)大夫朱毛曾(ceng)居于(yu)(yu)此,故(gu)(gu)有(you)俗(su)稱“朱毛城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”; 后(hou)(hou)因(yin)(yin)西(xi)漢(han)(han)(han)康王(wang)劉(liu)寄(ji)封于(yu)(yu)此,又稱“康王(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”。 即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)始建(jian)于(yu)(yu)春秋后(hou)(hou)期,戰(zhan)國(guo)時代發展成為(wei)(wei)齊(qi)國(guo)東部(bu)(今(jin)膠(jiao)(jiao)東半島地(di)區)的政治(zhi)(zhi)經濟(ji)文化中心。據《史(shi)(shi)記·田(tian)敬仲完世家》,齊(qi)威王(wang)因(yin)(yin)左(zuo)(zuo)右對即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)大夫毀(hui)言日至(zhi),乃(nai)“使人視即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)”,見“田(tian)野辟,民人給,官無留事(shi),東方以(yi)寧”,知即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)大夫不(bu)事(shi)其(qi)左(zuo)(zuo)右以(yi)求譽,因(yin)(yin)“封之萬家”。齊(qi)滑王(wang)時,樂(le)毅破齊(qi)70余(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),唯莒和即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)未下,田(tian)單(dan)走安(an)平,守即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo),大擺(bai)火牛(niu)陣以(yi)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)破燕軍,盡復齊(qi)之失地(di)。這就(jiu)是(shi)歷史(shi)(shi)上著名的“田(tian)單(dan)破燕”事(shi)件。秦滅六(liu)國(guo),以(yi)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)郡(jun)治(zhi)(zhi)設(she)膠(jiao)(jiao)東郡(jun)。項羽(yu)分齊(qi)地(di)為(wei)(wei)三(san)(san),以(yi)古即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)都,設(she)膠(jiao)(jiao)東國(guo)。西(xi)漢(han)(han)(han)前(qian)(qian)期三(san)(san)封膠(jiao)(jiao)東王(wang),康王(wang)劉(liu)寄(ji)及其(qi)子孫,傳(chuan)國(guo)直(zhi)至(zhi)西(xi)漢(han)(han)(han)之末。后(hou)(hou)歷東漢(han)(han)(han)、魏晉、十六(liu)國(guo),直(zhi)到北齊(qi)天(tian)保七年(nian)(556年(nian)) 即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)廢縣。隋開皇十六(liu)年(nian)(596年(nian))重設(she)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)縣,移縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)于(yu)(yu)舊不(bu)其(qi)縣境(jing),即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)今(jin)之即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)市(shi)區。 現存即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)系西(xi)漢(han)(han)(han)膠(jiao)(jiao)東王(wang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),地(di)面有(you)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻遺(yi)存,分內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南北長5公里(li), 東西(xi)寬2.5公里(li); 東城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻殘(can)存1000余(yu)(yu)米(mi), 城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)基(ji)寬約40米(mi)、高約5米(mi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內“金鑾殿”、“梳妝樓”、“點將臺”、“養魚池”等至(zhi)今(jin)尚存遺(yi)跡。 即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)(mo)(mo)故(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地(di)下不(bu)斷有(you)珍貴文物出土。
民(min)國年間曾出土一(yi)窟(ku)古錢幣,多達(da)20車。
1986年冬(dong),出土“燕明字刀幣”達28公斤,另(ling)出土有弩(nu)機(ji)、銅舫、劍、戈、刀、幣等。
故(gu)城(cheng)分內(nei)城(cheng)及外(wai)城(cheng)。外(wai)城(cheng)南(nan)北長約5公(gong)里,東西寬約2.5公(gong)里。尚遺存(cun)城(cheng)墻千余(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi),城(cheng)基寬約40余(yu)(yu)米(mi)(mi)(mi),高約5米(mi)(mi)(mi),全(quan)為(wei)夯(hang)土板(ban)筑。內(nei)城(cheng)有金鑾殿、點將臺、東西倉、貯(zhu)貨灣(wan)、養魚池、梳(shu)妝樓等(deng)遺跡。古(gu)城(cheng)一帶(dai)常有銅器(qi)(qi)、鐵器(qi)(qi)等(deng)文(wen)物出土。故(gu)城(cheng)北的群(qun)山峰上,古(gu)墓(mu)群(qun)蜿蜒30多華里,有400余(yu)(yu)座。墓(mu)葬之多,墓(mu)之高大均(jun)屬罕見(jian)。當時的運糧(liang)河(即今小沽河),通過東南(nan)城(cheng)門洞 ,可直接駛入貯(zhu)貨灣(wan)內(nei),至今城(cheng)墻缺口尚存(cun)。
即墨故城(cheng)(cheng)素有“朱毛城(cheng)(cheng),臨淄土(tu)”之稱。傳說(shuo)當年(nian)建(jian)城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)所有的(de)磚(zhuan)瓦,都(dou)是人工從臨淄遞過來的(de)。當地(di)“二貞廟”、“洗心(xin)河”等(deng)類似(si)孟(meng)姜女的(de)傳說(shuo),反(fan)映了當時百姓不堪于苦(ku)役(yi)的(de)心(xin)理。故城(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)一帶常有文物出土(tu),如銅(tong)鈁、弩(nu)機、戈、劍、刀幣、鐵錢范等(deng)。
1984年,即墨故城遺址被(bei)青島市政府列為市級文物保護單(dan)位。
1992年(nian),山東(dong)省人(ren)民(min)政府公(gong)布其為省級文物保護(hu)單(dan)位。
2001年(nian),國務(wu)院公(gong)布(bu)為第五批全國文物(wu)保護(hu)單位。
即墨(mo)故(gu)城(cheng)是歷史上(shang)不少朝代(dai)(dai)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、候的(de)陪都和封地(di)(di)(di),是膠東名(ming)城(cheng),在一(yi)(yi)千多(duo)年的(de)時間(jian)里(li)。前后(hou)共有(you)八(ba)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、六(liu)侯、一(yi)(yi)相(xiang)治此。這(zhe)些(xie)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)公(gong)(gong)貴族的(de)墓(mu)群大(da)(da)(da)(da)多(duo)都建在距即墨(mo)故(gu)城(cheng)十(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)里(li)左右遠的(de)六(liu)曲(qu)山(shan)(shan)脈上(shang),形成了一(yi)(yi)個(ge)規模宏大(da)(da)(da)(da)、蔚偉 壯觀(guan)的(de)古(gu)墓(mu)群--六(liu)曲(qu)山(shan)(shan)古(gu)墓(mu)群。 六(liu)曲(qu)山(shan)(shan)古(gu)墓(mu)群,東起龍虎山(shan)(shan),西至(zhi)窟(ku)窿山(shan)(shan),蜿蜒近十(shi)(shi)(shi)五公(gong)(gong)里(li),分別在古(gu)峴(xian)、云山(shan)(shan)、麻蘭鎮的(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)個(ge)村的(de)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)個(ge)山(shan)(shan)頭上(shang),共有(you)三百六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)座(zuo),絕大(da)(da)(da)(da)部(bu)分為(wei)漢(han)代(dai)(dai)墓(mu),其中(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)型(xing)(xing)墓(mu)二十(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)座(zuo),中(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)(xing)墓(mu)六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)座(zuo),其余(yu)(yu)(yu)為(wei)小型(xing)(xing)墓(mu)。其中(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)的(de)是西漢(han)景帝之(zhi)子康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)的(de)康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen),墳(fen)(fen)(fen)頭之(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da),大(da)(da)(da)(da)于山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu),坐落(luo)山(shan)(shan)頂,下部(bu)有(you)排水洞,均用石頭砌成,其遺墟尚存,整(zheng)個(ge)康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen)占地(di)(di)(di)約二、三十(shi)(shi)(shi)畝,整(zheng)體呈上(shang)窄(zhai)下寬的(de)“凸”字形,墳(fen)(fen)(fen)高四十(shi)(shi)(shi)余(yu)(yu)(yu)米(mi)。通過(guo)實地(di)(di)(di)考(kao)據,當(dang)年修筑康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen)時將山(shan)(shan)頂夷為(wei)平(ping)地(di)(di)(di)并深挖殯埋后(hou)再依山(shan)(shan)勢堆(dui)積而(er)成的(de)巨大(da)(da)(da)(da)山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu),其上(shang)部(bu)有(you)一(yi)(yi)平(ping)整(zheng)地(di)(di)(di)塊,長約百米(mi),寬約八(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)米(mi)。四周(zhou)整(zheng)齊,呈方形,有(you)的(de)已(yi)被農民種植(zhi)時令農作(zuo)物(wu)。墳(fen)(fen)(fen)頭坐落(luo)山(shan)(shan)頂,土(tu)質堅硬結實,與自然山(shan)(shan)頭有(you)很大(da)(da)(da)(da)不同,一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen)竟大(da)(da)(da)(da)于山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu),足見墳(fen)(fen)(fen)墓(mu)之(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da),地(di)(di)(di)下寶物(wu)之(zhi)豐厚。民間(jian)一(yi)(yi)直有(you)“打開康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)墳(fen)(fen)(fen),山(shan)(shan)東不受貧”之(zhi)說(shuo)。
在康王(wang)墳山坡前,修(xiu)有(you)康陵(ling)寺,據當代村民講,康陵(ling)寺建于漢(han)朝,距今(jin)兩千(qian)多年(nian)。乾隆四十年(nian)(公元一七七五年(nian))重修(xiu),佛殿門(men)前有(you)壯觀的(de)(de)大(da)匾(bian),宏(hong)偉的(de)(de)大(da)山門(men),有(you)和(he)尚撞鐘的(de)(de)鐘樓(lou),有(you)燒(shao)香火的(de)(de)香檀(tan)。分東西二廂,東廂住(zhu)和(he)尚,西廂住(zhu)尼姑,分前后(hou)二殿,前殿三間,塑有(you)四大(da)天王(wang),八(ba)(ba)大(da)金剛像(xiang),惟妙惟肖.后(hou)殿五間,塑有(you)西天活佛,十八(ba)(ba)羅漢(han),形象逼真。此廟(miao)興盛于世,聞名(ming)百里,前來降香祁福者眾。可惜在一九(jiu)四一年(nian)被(bei)土頑李德元部拆毀(hui)。
六曲山古墓群在1978年被公布為(wei)省(sheng)級重點文物保(bao)護單位(wei)。2001年又被國務院公布為(wei)國家(jia)級重點文物 保(bao)護單位(wei)。