一、直流屏蓄電池為什么要進行活化
直流屏蓄電池需要定時的進行充放電才能保持活性,直流屏廠家都知道這個道理,但是很多用戶購買了直流屏以(yi)后,由于項(xiang)目(mu)原因直(zhi)流(liu)屏長期(qi)擱置不用或者直(zhi)流(liu)屏蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電池(chi)管理(li)不當(dang),造成直(zhi)流(liu)屏蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電池(chi)失(shi)去活(huo)性,這時就需(xu)要進行蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電池(chi)活(huo)化處理(li),那么什么是蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電池(chi)活(huo)化呢?
通常,鉛(qian)酸蓄電(dian)池(chi)由于長期(qi)擱置不用,或者由于長期(qi)欠(qian)充(chong)電(dian),會導致(zhi)活性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)主要是(shi)負極活性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質(zhi)的(de)(de)硫(liu)化(hua)(hua)失效,容(rong)量衰減,這時,可以(yi)進行幾次大電(dian)流的(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)和放電(dian)以(yi)激(ji)活這些硫(liu)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)活性(xing)(xing)物(wu)質(zhi),這個過程就叫活化(hua)(hua)。直流屏蓄電(dian)池(chi)活化(hua)(hua)實際上就是(shi)電(dian)池(chi)核對性(xing)(xing)容(rong)量試驗(yan),通過試驗(yan)來得知電(dian)池(chi)目前的(de)(de)實際保有容(rong)量。
二、直流屏蓄電池放電試驗操作方法
直(zhi)流屏蓄電池(chi)放電試驗(yan)每半(ban)年進行一次(ci),放電負荷為變電站實際直(zhi)流負荷,必要時(shi)可以加入事故(gu)(gu)照明及逆變負荷。考慮到變電站事故(gu)(gu)處(chu)理的(de)緊迫性,尤其是煤礦地(di)面變電站,每次(ci)放電時(shi)間(jian)不得(de)低(di)于2小時(shi)。蓄電池(chi)放電試驗(yan)應盡量選擇設備檢修的(de)時(shi)間(jian),以避(bi)免因操作不當(dang)引(yin)起系(xi)統失電導(dao)致機電事故(gu)(gu)。
1、將(jiang)直(zhi)流屏微機監(jian)控單元切換到主界面,選擇參數顯示(shi)。檢查各(ge)運行(xing)參數均(jun)在正常范(fan)圍。
2、將直流屏交流進線開(kai)關(guan)斷開(kai)(兩路(lu),先斷備(bei)用再斷主用,避(bi)免不必要的交流電源(yuan)自動(dong)切換),高頻開(kai)關(guan)電源(yuan)整流器停止(zhi)工作,蓄電池組即刻不間斷地(di)向直流母線供電。同時觀察微機(ji)監控單元參數顯示界面的變化(電池總電壓(ya)、單只蓄電池電壓(ya)、放電電流)。
3、放電試驗期間應每隔20分(fen)鐘對(dui)(dui)直流(liu)屏(ping)巡(xun)視(shi)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄一(yi)(yi)次(ci),記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄電池(chi)總電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)、單(dan)(dan)只蓄電池(chi)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)、放電電流(liu)等的參數(shu)。放電開始第一(yi)(yi)次(ci)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄時用(yong)萬用(yong)表或標(biao)準電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)表核對(dui)(dui)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)單(dan)(dan)體電池(chi)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)與(yu)觸摸屏(ping)顯(xian)示的蓄電池(chi)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)否相符(fu),以避(bi)免傳感器故障造成的微機監控單(dan)(dan)元與(yu)實際(ji)蓄電池(chi)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)不相符(fu)。
4、放(fang)電試(shi)驗期間應同時檢查各蓄(xu)電池(chi)本體有(you)(you)無(wu)異常(電池(chi)溫度有(you)(you)無(wu)異常、有(you)(you)無(wu)鼓包、有(you)(you)無(wu)放(fang)電聲響)。
5、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)試驗(yan)過(guo)程中如(ru)有單只蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓低于11V,應立即停止(zhi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)試驗(yan),將交流進(jin)線恢(hui)復送電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),記錄各(ge)項數據及放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)(開始放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)到終止(zhi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的時(shi)間(jian))。如(ru)果有單只蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池低于11V的應該(gai)考慮盡(jin)早更換(huan)整套全部電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池,以確保萬無(wu)一失。
6、直流屏蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)總電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)如果在2小(xiao)時(shi)之內(nei)減少到205V時(shi)(按照廠家的(de)技術(shu)資料要求到200V為止,考(kao)慮到實際(ji)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)試驗(yan)操作時(shi),為避免人員因素發現不及(ji)時(shi)造成過放(fang)電(dian)(dian)),應(ying)立即停止放(fang)電(dian)(dian)試驗(yan),將交流進(jin)線恢復送電(dian)(dian),即對(dui)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)進(jin)行充電(dian)(dian),以免蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)過放(fang)電(dian)(dian)而損壞,如果不能(neng)立即恢復交流進(jin)線供電(dian)(dian),必須蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)的(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)總開(kai)關(guan)爭(zheng)取在24小(xiao)時(shi)內(nei)對(dui)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)進(jin)行充電(dian)(dian)。
記錄(lu)放(fang)(fang)電時(shi)間(開(kai)始放(fang)(fang)電到結束(shu)放(fang)(fang)電的時(shi)間)、初始和終(zhong)止放(fang)(fang)電時(shi)的放(fang)(fang)電電流。如果出現上(shang)述情況應該(gai)考(kao)慮盡早更(geng)換整套(tao)全部(bu)電池,以確保(bao)萬無一失。
三、直流屏蓄電池日常維護使用注意事項
1、直流屏調試運行后,整(zheng)流器(qi)應長期(qi)運行工作(zuo)(zuo),對蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組進行充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)對母線供電(dian)(dian)(dian),使(shi)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組保持滿容量的最佳工作(zuo)(zuo)狀態(tai),蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組不能故意(yi)循(xun)(xun)環(huan)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)用(yong),以免蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組因使(shi)用(yong)不當而(er)損壞或大(da)幅降低使(shi)用(yong)壽命(蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)循(xun)(xun)環(huan)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)即:將(jiang)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)滿后停止整(zheng)流器(qi)工作(zuo)(zuo),用(yong)蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)供母線負(fu)載,蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)到(dao)終(zhong)止電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),又給蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),如此循(xun)(xun)環(huan)使(shi)用(yong)。此行為會大(da)幅降低蓄(xu)(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的使(shi)用(yong)壽命)。
2、直流屏所配蓄電(dian)池閑置6個(ge)月(yue)后(包括未(wei)安裝及安裝后未(wei)運行的情況(kuang)),必須對其進行補充電(dian),以免蓄電(dian)池組因欠(qian)充而損壞或大幅降低使(shi)用壽命(ming)。
特(te)別(bie)提(ti)醒(xing):現在很多變電站直流(liu)屏蓄電池從安裝投運開始已(yi)經(jing)三四(si)年(nian)了,由于當時技術力量欠缺或者沒(mei)有仔細閱讀直流(liu)屏使用說明書,從來沒(mei)有進(jin)行(xing)過(guo)蓄電池的放電試驗,此種情(qing)況下,蓄電池壽命基本上已(yi)經(jing)大打(da)折(zhe)扣了。