【繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路】繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)路解析(xi) 繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)正確使(shi)用方法

一、繼電器控制電路

能帶動繼電器工作的CMOS集成塊

在人們的習慣中，總認為CMOS集成塊不能直接帶動繼電器工作，但實驗證明，部分CMOS集成塊不僅能直接帶動繼電器工作，而且工作穩定可靠。實驗中所用繼電器的型號為JRC5M－DC12V微型密封繼電器（其線圈電阻為750Ω）。現將CD4066 CMOS集成塊帶動繼電器的工(gong)作原理(li)分析如(ru)下：

CD4066是四雙向(xiang)模(mo)擬開關，集成塊(kuai)(kuai)SCR1～SCR4為控制端，用于控制四雙向(xiang)模(mo)擬開關的通(tong)斷(duan)。當SCR1接(jie)高電(dian)(dian)平(ping)時(shi)，集成塊(kuai)(kuai)①、②腳(jiao)導通(tong)，＋12V→K1→集成塊(kuai)(kuai)①、②腳(jiao)→電(dian)(dian)源負極使K1吸合；反(fan)之(zhi)當SCR1輸(shu)入低(di)電(dian)(dian)平(ping)時(shi)，集成塊(kuai)(kuai)①、②腳(jiao)開路，K1失電(dian)(dian)釋放，SCR2～SCR4輸(shu)入高電(dian)(dian)平(ping)或低(di)電(dian)(dian)平(ping)時(shi)狀態與SCR1相同。

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電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中，繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器線(xian)(xian)圈兩端均反(fan)相并(bing)聯了(le)一只二(er)(er)極(ji)管(guan)，它是(shi)用于保(bao)護(hu)集成塊的(de)(de)(de)，切不可省去，否則在繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器由吸合狀態(tai)轉為釋放時，由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)感的(de)(de)(de)作用線(xian)(xian)圈上將(jiang)產生較高的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢，極(ji)容易導致集成塊擊穿(chuan)。并(bing)聯了(le)二(er)(er)極(ji)管(guan)后，在繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器由吸合變為釋放的(de)(de)(de)瞬(shun)間，線(xian)(xian)圈將(jiang)通過二(er)(er)極(ji)管(guan)形成短時間的(de)(de)(de)續(xu)流回路(lu)，使線(xian)(xian)圈中的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不致突(tu)變，從而避免了(le)線(xian)(xian)圈中反(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢的(de)(de)(de)產生，確保(bao)了(le)集成塊的(de)(de)(de)安全。

低電壓下繼電器的吸合措施

常(chang)常(chang)因為電(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)于繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的吸(xi)(xi)合(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)而(er)使其不能(neng)正常(chang)工(gong)作，事(shi)實上，繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)一旦吸(xi)(xi)合(he)，便可(ke)在(zai)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的一半左右可(ke)靠(kao)地工(gong)作。因此，可(ke)以在(zai)開始時給繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)一個(ge)啟動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)使其吸(xi)(xi)合(he)，然后再讓其在(zai)較低(di)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)下工(gong)作，如(ru)圖所示的電(dian)(dian)(dian)路便可(ke)實現此目(mu)的。

工(gong)作原理：如圖所(suo)(suo)示。V1為(wei)(wei)(wei)單結(jie)晶體管BT33C，它(ta)與R1、R2、R3和(he)C1組成(cheng)一個(ge)張弛式振蕩器，SCR為(wei)(wei)(wei)單向(xiang)可控硅，按下啟動按鈕(niu)AN1后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)(wei)SCR無觸(chu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，所(suo)(suo)以不(bu)(bu)導(dao)通(tong)，繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器J不(bu)(bu)動作，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)通(tong)過(guo)R4和(he)VD1給(gei)(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)C2迅速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)至接近電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)（Vcc-VD1壓(ya)(ya)降）。同時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)經R1給(gei)(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)C1充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。數秒后，C1上(shang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)充到(dao)V1的(de)觸(chu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，C1立即通(tong)過(guo)V1放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在(zai)R3上(shang)形(xing)成(cheng)一個(ge)正(zheng)脈沖，該脈沖一路加到(dao)V2基(ji)極(ji)，使V2迅速飽和(he)導(dao)通(tong)，V2集電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)也即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)C2正(zheng)極(ji)近于(yu)接地。由于(yu)此時(shi)C2上(shang)充有上(shang)正(zheng)下負(fu)的(de)正(zheng)極(ji)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，所(suo)(suo)以C2負(fu)極(ji)也即J線圈(quan)(quan)一端呈負(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位。R3上(shang)的(de)正(zheng)脈沖另(ling)一路經VD2、C3去(qu)觸(chu)發(fa)可控硅導(dao)通(tong)，SCR陰極(ji)也即J線圈(quan)(quan)另(ling)一端接近電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。這時(shi)，J線圈(quan)(quan)實(shi)際(ji)上(shang)承受(shou)約兩(liang)倍(bei)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，所(suo)(suo)以J1－1閉(bi)合，松開(kai)AN1后，J1－1自保(bao)。J1－2將V1、V2供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)切斷，繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器在(zai)接近電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)下工(gong)作。圖中，AN2為(wei)(wei)(wei)停止按鈕(niu)，按下AN2，J失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)釋放(fang)，J1－1斷開(kai)，整個(ge)控制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。

制作本電(dian)(dian)路時，一般可(ke)(ke)取繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)額定電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)為電(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)1.5倍左右，一般情況下，任何型號的(de)單向可(ke)(ke)控硅（或雙向可(ke)(ke)控硅）皆可(ke)(ke)滿足本電(dian)(dian)路需要。V2、C1、C3的(de)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)視電(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)高低選取。C2耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)最好不低于電(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)兩倍。

繼電器的三種附加電路

繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)常用的(de)一種(zhong)元件，一般由晶體管、繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器等元器件組成(cheng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)開關驅動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)，往往還(huan)要加上(shang)一些(xie)附(fu)加電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路以(yi)改變(bian)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)工(gong)作特性或起(qi)保護作用。繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)附(fu)加電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路主要有如下三種(zhong)形式：

1.繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)串聯RC電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)形式(shi)(shi)如圖1，這(zhe)種形式(shi)(shi)主要應用于繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)額(e)定工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)低(di)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)閉(bi)合時，繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)由于自感現(xian)象會產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)阻礙線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)增大，從(cong)而延長(chang)了吸(xi)合時間(jian)，串聯上(shang)RC電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)后則(ze)可(ke)(ke)以縮短吸(xi)合時間(jian)。原理是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)閉(bi)合的(de)瞬間(jian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容C兩端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)能突變可(ke)(ke)視為短路(lu)(lu)，這(zhe)樣就將(jiang)比繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)額(e)定工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)高的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)加(jia)到(dao)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)上(shang)，從(cong)而加(jia)快了線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)(quan)中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流增大的(de)速度，使繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)迅速吸(xi)合。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)穩定之后電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容C不(bu)起作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R起限流作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用。

2.繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器并聯RC電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)形式見圖(tu)2，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)閉合后，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流穩定時(shi)RC電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)不(bu)起作用，斷開電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)時(shi)，繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器線(xian)圈(quan)由于自(zi)感而產生(sheng)感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)，經RC電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使線(xian)圈(quan)中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流衰減(jian)放慢，從而延長了繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器銜(xian)鐵(tie)釋(shi)放時(shi)間，起到延時(shi)作用。

3.繼電(dian)器(qi)并聯(lian)二(er)極(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)路：電(dian)路形式(shi)見圖3，主(zhu)要(yao)是為了保護晶(jing)體(ti)(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng)驅動元器(qi)件。當圖中晶(jing)體(ti)(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)VT由導(dao)通(tong)變為截止時，流(liu)經繼電(dian)器(qi)線圈的(de)電(dian)流(liu)將(jiang)迅速減小，這時線圈會產生很高的(de)自(zi)感(gan)電(dian)動勢與電(dian)源電(dian)壓疊加后(hou)加在VT的(de)c、e兩極(ji)間，會使晶(jing)體(ti)(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)擊(ji)穿，并聯(lian)上二(er)極(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)后(hou)，即(ji)可將(jiang)線圈的(de)自(zi)感(gan)電(dian)動勢鉗位于二(er)極(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)正向導(dao)通(tong)電(dian)壓，此(ci)值硅管(guan)(guan)(guan)約0.7V，鍺管(guan)(guan)(guan)約0.2V，從而(er)避免擊(ji)穿晶(jing)體(ti)(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng)驅動元器(qi)件。并聯(lian)二(er)極(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)時一(yi)定要(yao)注意二(er)極(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)極(ji)性不(bu)可接(jie)反，否則容易損壞晶(jing)體(ti)(ti)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng)驅動元器(qi)件。

無電感式模擬繼電器

圖中，220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源經(jing)負載RL、R1、D1～D4、ZD1，為Q4、Q3在(zai)(zai)正負半周輪流(liu)提供偏置；同時(shi)經(jing)R3、D5～D8為光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)耦合器Q1提供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。當前級TTL電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)輸出(chu)高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)平信號(hao)時(shi)，光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)耦合器在(zai)(zai)市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)正半周內導通，于是(shi)在(zai)(zai)R5兩(liang)端產生(sheng)壓(ya)降，觸(chu)發(fa)SCR導通，負載RL得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工作(zuo)。整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)的功能(neng)如同一只繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，但不會產生(sheng)反(fan)向感應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，也就避免(mian)了負載被高(gao)反(fan)壓(ya)擊穿(chuan)損壞的可能(neng)。C1、R6為脈沖吸收(shou)元件，R3起限流(liu)作(zuo)用。

為避免RL為感性負載時(shi)，可控硅的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)耦合(he)器(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源產生的(de)90°相位，該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)耦合(he)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源取自SCR的(de)陽(yang)極而不(bu)直接取自市(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。

繼電器電路小改進

繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器常安(an)裝在電(dian)器設備(bei)的(de)內部，其工(gong)作狀態不直(zhi)觀(guan)，筆者將其作如(ru)下圖改進。在線圈兩端接(jie)發(fa)光二極(ji)管(guan)VD1，當(dang)控制電(dian)壓為正(zheng)時，三極(ji)管(guan)導通(tong)，繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器J吸合(he)，同時發(fa)光二極(ji)管(guan)被點(dian)亮，表明繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器線圈已(yi)加(jia)上(shang)電(dian)源(yuan)。發(fa)光二極(ji)管(guan)可裝在外殼顯眼之(zhi)處。

二、繼電器的正確使用方法

1、繼電器額定工作電壓的選擇

繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)額(e)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)最主要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)一項技術參數。在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)時，應(ying)該首(shou)先(xian)考慮(lv)所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(即繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu))的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應(ying)等(deng)于所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。一般所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)是繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)額(e)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)0.86。注意所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)千(qian)萬(wan)不能超過繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)額(e)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，否則繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)容易燒毀。另外，有(you)些集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，例(li)如(ru)NE555電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)是可以直接驅動(dong)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)，而有(you)些集成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，例(li)如(ru)COMS電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)，需要(yao)加一級晶體管放大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)方可驅動(dong)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，這就(jiu)應(ying)考慮(lv)晶體管輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)應(ying)大(da)于繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。

2、觸點負載的選擇

觸點負載是指觸點的承受能力。繼電器的觸(chu)點(dian)在(zai)轉(zhuan)換時可承受一(yi)定的電(dian)壓和電(dian)流(liu)(liu)。所(suo)以在(zai)使用繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)時，應考慮(lv)加在(zai)觸(chu)點(dian)上的電(dian)壓和通(tong)過觸(chu)點(dian)的電(dian)流(liu)(liu)不能超(chao)過該繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)的觸(chu)點(dian)負載(zai)能力。例如，有一(yi)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)的觸(chu)點(dian)負載(zai)為28V(DC)×10A，表明該繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)觸(chu)點(dian)只(zhi)能工(gong)作在(zai)直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)壓為28V的電(dian)路上，觸(chu)點(dian)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)為10A，超(chao)過28V或10A，會影響(xiang)繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)正(zheng)常使用，甚至燒(shao)毀觸(chu)點(dian)。

3、繼電器線圈電源的選擇

這是(shi)(shi)(shi)指繼電(dian)(dian)器線(xian)圈使用(yong)的是(shi)(shi)(shi)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(DC)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(AC)。通常，初學者在進行(xing)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)制(zhi)作活動(dong)中，都是(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)路，而電(dian)(dian)子(zi)線(xian)路往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)采(cai)用(yong)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)源供(gong)電(dian)(dian)，所以必(bi)須是(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)用(yong)線(xian)圈是(shi)(shi)(shi)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)壓的繼電(dian)(dian)器。樂(le)灌胃和腹腔注(zhu)射實驗，結(jie)果發現(xian)可樂(le)對小(xiao)鼠精(jing)子(zi)活性和形態有(you)一定影響。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)截至目前，仍(reng)無法證明飲用(yong)碳(tan)酸飲料(liao)對人體(ti)有(you)“殺精(jing)”效果。