建設歷史
1937年7月7日(ri),抗(kang)日(ri)戰(zhan)爭(zheng)爆發。由于中國(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)產黨(dang)(dang)的努力和全國(guo)(guo)(guo)人民的強烈要(yao)求,蔣介石被(bei)迫抗(kang)戰(zhan),國(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)(gong)兩(liang)黨(dang)(dang)實(shi)現了(le)第二次合(he)作。我北方(fang)紅軍(jun)(jun)(jun)主力改編(bian)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民革(ge)(ge)命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)第八路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(即第十八集團軍(jun)(jun)(jun)),南(nan)方(fang)紅軍(jun)(jun)(jun)游擊隊改編(bian)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)民革(ge)(ge)命軍(jun)(jun)(jun)陸(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)新編(bian)第四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(簡稱新四軍(jun)(jun)(jun))。為(wei)(wei)了(le)領導和推動偉大的抗(kang)日(ri)戰(zhan)爭(zheng),我黨(dang)(dang)在國(guo)(guo)(guo)民黨(dang)(dang)管轄區建立了(le)公開的辦(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)機構(gou)——八路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)辦(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處和新四軍(jun)(jun)(jun)辦(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處。
1937年(nian)9月,中(zhong)共中(zhong)央派(pai)董必武(wu)(wu)到武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han)籌備八(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。1937年(nian)10月,八(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)在漢(han)(han)口(kou)安仁里一號成立,李濤(tao)同(tong)志任處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)長(chang)。12月,南(nan)京失(shi)陷后,國民(min)黨(dang)政府(fu)的一些重要部門遷到武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han),各民(min)主黨(dang)派(pai)領袖、社會名(ming)流、文(wen)化(hua)界(jie)人士,全國著名(ming)抗日(ri)救亡(wang)團體也(ye)都云集武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han),武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han)成為(wei)當(dang)時全國政治(zhi)、軍(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)、文(wen)化(hua)的中(zhong)心。 這時,原八(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)南(nan)京辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)工(gong)(gong)作人員也(ye)隨著轉移到武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han),參加武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)的工(gong)(gong)作,并正式成立第十八(ba)集團軍(jun)(jun)駐武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(通稱(cheng)“八(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)”)。辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)遷到舊日(ri)本租界(jie)中(zhong)街89號(現址),中(zhong)共中(zhong)央長(chang)江局(ju)成立后,其機關也(ye)設在辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)內(nei)。1938年(nian)元(yuan)月,新四軍(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)部遷往南(nan)昌后,由八(ba)路(lu)軍(jun)(jun)武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)代辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)新四軍(jun)(jun)駐漢(han)(han)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)的一切(qie)工(gong)(gong)作。這時的武(wu)(wu)漢(han)(han)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)事(shi)(shi)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu),對(dui)外作為(wei)我軍(jun)(jun)駐在國民(min)黨(dang)臨時首都的公開機構,但實(shi)際上是我黨(dang)在國民(min)黨(dang)統治(zhi)區領導和聯(lian)絡的中(zhong)樞。
八路軍(jun)(jun)武漢(han)辦事處積(ji)極為八路軍(jun)(jun)、新(xin)四(si)軍(jun)(jun)籌備(bei)軍(jun)(jun)餉(xiang)和(he)各種軍(jun)(jun)需物資,開展宣傳工作(zuo),動(dong)員人民群眾,參(can)加了(le)(le)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)戰(zhan)爭,輸(shu)送了(le)(le)大批愛國青年赴延安和(he)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)前線(xian),并熱情接(jie)待了(le)(le)國內外各界人士,闡明我黨(dang)抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)主(zhu)張,廣泛開展抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)民族統(tong)一戰(zhan)線(xian)活(huo)動(dong),為爭取抗(kang)(kang)日(ri)戰(zhan)爭的勝利,做(zuo)出(chu)了(le)(le)重要貢(gong)獻。
1937年12月中(zhong)旬,當(dang)時擔任(ren)中(zhong)共中(zhong)央(yang)政(zheng)治(zhi)局(ju)委員、中(zhong)央(yang)書記(ji)處書記(ji)、中(zhong)央(yang)軍委副主(zhu)席的周恩來從延(yan)安(an)來到這里,主(zhu)管(guan)軍事(shi)(shi)和統戰(zhan)工作(zuo),并以中(zhong)共代(dai)表(biao)的身份(fen)從事(shi)(shi)各(ge)項活動。周恩來還在(zai)國民政(zheng)府中(zhong)任(ren)軍事(shi)(shi)委員會政(zheng)治(zhi)部副部長。在(zai)這里工作(zuo)的還有董必武、秦邦憲(博(bo)古)、葉劍英(ying)、李克農(nong)、鄧(deng)穎超、羅(luo)炳輝等。
紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)舊址(zhi)(zhi)原(yuan)為日商大石(shi)洋行,是(shi)一(yi)(yi)幢日式建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑,磚混(hun)結構,占(zhan)地面(mian)積(ji)1776.96平(ping)方(fang)米,建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑面(mian)積(ji)2252.6平(ping)方(fang)米。1938年10月25日,武(wu)漢(han)失(shi)守,八路軍武(wu)漢(han)辦事處(chu)工(gong)作(zuo)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)全(quan)部撤離。原(yuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑于1944年日軍占(zhan)領(ling)期間被(bei)(bei)美國(guo)飛機炸毀,1978年在原(yuan)址(zhi)(zhi)按原(yuan)貌(mao)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),1979年3月5日正式對外開放。葉劍英(ying)為紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)題寫館(guan)(guan)(guan)名。舊址(zhi)(zhi)被(bei)(bei)列為第七批(pi)全(quan)國(guo)重(zhong)點文物保護單(dan)位。紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)自(zi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)以(yi)來(lai),充(chong)分利用(yong)革(ge)命(ming)遺址(zhi)(zhi)、紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑、革(ge)命(ming)文物、史料(liao),積(ji)極開展(zhan)愛國(guo)主義和革(ge)命(ming)傳統(tong)教(jiao)育活動,二(er)十多(duo)(duo)年來(lai),共接待國(guo)內外各界(jie)觀眾人(ren)(ren)數(shu)達190多(duo)(duo)萬人(ren)(ren)次,張愛萍、方(fang)毅(yi)、伍修權(quan)、王(wang)首道、郭述申、童小鵬、曾志等許多(duo)(duo)當(dang)年在這工(gong)作(zuo)過的(de)老同志及中央、省、市領(ling)導來(lai)館(guan)(guan)(guan)視察(cha)并欣(xin)然題字,為紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)館(guan)(guan)(guan)留下了一(yi)(yi)批(pi)十分珍貴(gui)的(de)墨寶。
主要展覽
復(fu)原(yuan)了周(zhou)恩來(lai)(lai)、董(dong)(dong)必(bi)武(wu)、葉劍(jian)英等(deng)領導人的(de)辦(ban)公(gong)室(shi)(shi)(shi)、臥(wo)(wo)室(shi)(shi)(shi)及其(qi)辦(ban)公(gong)用(yong)房,還(huan)(huan)在一(yi)樓(lou)大廳(ting)辟(pi)有(you)《武(wu)漢抗(kang)戰(zhan)陳(chen)列(lie)(lie)》展覽(lan)。舊址復(fu)原(yuan)陳(chen)列(lie)(lie)和(he)“武(wu)漢抗(kang)戰(zhan)陳(chen)列(lie)(lie)館” 紀念館內(nei)復(fu)原(yuan)了周(zhou)恩來(lai)(lai)和(he)鄧穎超、秦(qin)邦憲(xian)、董(dong)(dong)必(bi)武(wu)、葉劍(jian)英的(de)辦(ban)公(gong)室(shi)(shi)(shi)兼臥(wo)(wo)室(shi)(shi)(shi),以及副官室(shi)(shi)(shi)、接待室(shi)(shi)(shi)、辦(ban)公(gong)室(shi)(shi)(shi)、會客室(shi)(shi)(shi)、會議室(shi)(shi)(shi)、電臺室(shi)(shi)(shi)、機要(yao)科等(deng)。舊址內(nei)一(yi)樓(lou)大廳(ting)還(huan)(huan)舉辦(ban)了《武(wu)漢抗(kang)戰(zhan)陳(chen)列(lie)(lie)》,展覽(lan)共選用(yong)照片303張,文物89件,并運用(yong)了聲、光、電等(deng)現(xian)代科技(ji)手(shou)段,全方位展現(xian)了武(wu)漢抗(kang)戰(zhan)的(de)歷史。
周恩(en)來(lai)、鄧穎超(chao)1938年在武漢用過的(de)圍(wei)(wei)巾 1937年12月(yue)辦事處由安仁(ren)里遷至大(da)石(shi)洋(yang)行后(hou),“八辦”工作人(ren)員(yuan)將此圍(wei)(wei)巾送給周恩(en)來(lai)與鄧穎超(chao)。
董(dong)必武(wu)(wu)的公文包 是(shi)董(dong)必武(wu)(wu)于1938年在武(wu)(wu)漢(han)擔任中共中央長(chang)(chang)江局民運部長(chang)(chang)和中共中央代表團(tuan)成員時使用的,以后長(chang)(chang)期(qi)保(bao)留在身(shen)邊(bian)。
八路軍(jun)駐(zhu)武漢辦事處(chu)工作(zuo)人員佩帶(dai)的證章 為直徑(jing)3.2厘米的銅制徽章。
錢(qian)之光名(ming)章(zhang) 水晶石印章(zhang)。八(ba)路軍駐武漢辦事處處長印章(zhang)是錢(qian)之光于1937年12月至1938年10月在(zai)武漢擔任(ren)八(ba)路軍辦事處處長時為辦公所用。
地理位置
八路軍武漢(han)辦事(shi)處舊(jiu)址(zhi)紀念館位(wei)于武漢(han)市(shi)江岸區(qu)長春街(jie)57號。舊(jiu)址(zhi)是(shi)一棟日式建(jian)筑(zhu)的四層樓(lou)房,原為日商大石洋(yang)行(xing),坐西(xi)朝東,主樓(lou)四層,兩側(ce)三層,占地面積(ji)1776.96平方(fang)米,建(jian)筑(zhu)面積(ji)2252.6平方(fang)米。
獲得榮譽
1982年湖北省(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)民政府公布其為省(sheng)(sheng)級文物保護單(dan)位,2008年被評(ping)為國家三級博物館(guan)。免費開放以來(lai),觀(guan)眾(zhong)人(ren)(ren)數驟增(zeng),近三年來(lai)共接待觀(guan)眾(zhong)52萬余人(ren)(ren)。
旅游指南
地 址:湖北省武(wu)漢市漢口長春街57號
交通線(xian)路:乘520、402、721、707、727、30、626、548、601、606路公交車(che)(che)至蘆溝橋站;或(huo)乘712、電車(che)(che)3、549路公交車(che)(che)到永清街(jie)站
開放時間:9:00~17:00