一、英譯中時倍數減少如何翻譯
1、“減少了N–1/N"
2、“減(jian)少到1/N”或“是(原來(lai))的1/N”
英語中表示倍數減(jian)小的(de)句(ju)型可(ke)歸(gui)納為以下(xia)幾種。
(一)decrease+by+N times
decrease+N times
decrease+by+a factor of+N
(decrease為表(biao)承減(jian)少意義的動詞,下同)
這三個句型表示的意(yi)義(yi)一(yi)樣,均應譯為(wei)“減少了N–1/N”或“減少到1/N”。例如:
1)Since the introduction of the new technique the switching time of the transistor has been shortened three times.
采用這項新工藝后,晶體管的開(kai)關時間縮短了三(san)分之二。
2)When the voltage is stepped up by 10 times,the strength of the current is stepped-down by 10 times,so that the power remains the same.
當(dang)電(dian)壓升(sheng)高到10倍時,電(dian)流(liu)強度(du)降低到1/10,因此功率保持不變。
3)The water level in winter falls by a factor of three as against the average level.
冬季,水位比平均水位下降三分(fen)之二。
4)When the signal has increased by 10 times the gain may have been reduced by 8 times.
如果(guo)信號增(zeng)大9倍,增(zeng)益就可能(neng)降低(di)7/8。
5)The automatic assembly line can shorten ten times the assembling period.
自動裝配線可(ke)把裝配工期縮(suo)短到原來的1/10。
(二)N times+弱(ruo)比較級+(than)
N times+as+表示差、少意義的形容詞原級+as
這兩(liang)個句型的(de)意義(yi)一(yi)樣,可譯為(wei)“比……N-1/N”或“是…1/N”。例如:
6)The plastic casing is three times lighter than the steel one.
這(zhe)種塑料殼(ke)比(bi)鋼(gang)殼(ke)輕三(san)分之二(或:這(zhe)種塑料殼(ke)的重量是鋼(gang)殼(ke)的三(san)分之一)。
二、英語倍數翻譯常見錯誤
1、A是B的N倍大/長…(或者A比B大/長…N-1倍)
一般有以下兩種英語表達方法:
(1)A is N times as large/long(形容詞/副詞原形)as B.Eg:Asia is four times as large as Europe.
(2)A is N times larger/longer(形容詞/副詞比(bi)較級)than B.Eg:Asia is four times larger than Europe.
(3)A is N times the size/length(形容詞/副詞的名詞形式(shi))of B.Eg:Asia is four times the size of Europe.
以上三(san)句例(li)句的中文(wen)翻(fan)譯均為:亞洲(zhou)是歐洲(zhou)的四倍(bei)大,或者亞洲(zhou)比(bi)歐洲(zhou)大三(san)倍(bei)。
2、by和to
(1)動詞+by+倍數(shu)/百分(fen)數(shu)/數(shu)詞
Eg:The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
今(jin)年(nian)糧食產量增(zeng)加(jia)了四倍。
(2)動(dong)詞+to+數(shu)詞
Eg:Last year profits rose to$201 million.
去年利潤增長到2億零100萬美元(yuan)。
3、by a factor of
詞組by a factor of在《朗文雙解(jie)(jie)》中的(de)解(jie)(jie)釋(shi)為(wei)"if something increases or decreases by a factor of N,it increases or decreases by N times."以N倍(bei)的(de)系數增加(jia)或減少(shao)。