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一.產品介紹

杜(du)阮(ruan)涼瓜，又名杜(du)阮(ruan)苦(ku)瓜。是江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)門市乃至(zhi)省、港、澳地區無(wu)人(ren)不(bu)曉的(de)特(te)(te)(te)色知名農(nong)業品牌。其(qi)(qi)(qi)瓜型肥大(da)，形似木瓜，平頂粒粗，別(bie)于其(qi)(qi)(qi)它涼瓜的(de)標志(zhi)性感(gan)官特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)，本地人(ren)稱(cheng)之為(wei)(wei)大(da)頂瓜，將其(qi)(qi)(qi)形容為(wei)(wei)“柿餅蒂，老鼠(shu)尾”。據《新會縣志(zhi)》記載，早在(zai)明朝(chao)，當地就已經開始種植涼瓜，在(zai)民國時期，杜(du)阮(ruan)柿餅蒂（杜(du)阮(ruan)涼瓜）就已經比較著名。解放前，就有一(yi)首(shou)民謠唱(chang)出了江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)門當時的(de)名蔬名果：“杜(du)阮(ruan)苦(ku)瓜柿餅蒂，蓮塘菱角(jiao)兩頭利，滘頭大(da)蔗(zhe)真(zhen)脆皮，江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)門白菜匙羹髀，荷塘芥蘭(lan)幾分地”。杜(du)阮(ruan)涼瓜獲得了“江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)門市十佳農(nong)土(tu)特(te)(te)(te)（初級類）產品”、“廣東嶺南(nan)特(te)(te)(te)色食品”和 “無(wu)公(gong)害農(nong)產品”稱(cheng)號。

二.自然生態環境和(he)人文歷史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang)(kuang)：杜(du)阮(ruan)(ruan)鎮的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)的(de)(de)(de)結合情況(kuang)(kuang)較(jiao)其它地(di)(di)區特殊，杜(du)阮(ruan)(ruan)鎮大部(bu)分為(wei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)、丘(qiu)(qiu)陵，西高東(dong)低，三(san)面(mian)環山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，中(zhong)部(bu)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵起(qi)(qi)伏(fu)，低面(mian)平(ping)緩，丘(qiu)(qiu)陵之間有(you)大小不一的(de)(de)(de)沖積(ji)垌田(tian)和山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)坑田(tian)、梯田(tian)。杜(du)阮(ruan)(ruan)鎮南面(mian)有(you)叱石山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、圭峰山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、雞尖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈綿亙(gen)起(qi)(qi)伏(fu)，西面(mian)有(you)龍(long)溪眾山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈包圍(wei)，北面(mian)有(you)筆架山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈，東(dong)北面(mian)有(you)石貓山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、席(xi)帽(mao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、大山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)頂(ding)等環抱，形成(cheng)了(le)袋形地(di)(di)勢。三(san)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)成(cheng)了(le)與鄰近鎮（市、區）的(de)(de)(de)天然分界線(xian)。境內自然地(di)(di)質土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)較(jiao)為(wei)復雜，成(cheng)土(tu)(tu)母(mu)質多樣，三(san)面(mian)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)嶺大致以花崗巖、沙(sha)頁巖和赤紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為(wei)主；中(zhong)部(bu)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)多以紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)粘 土(tu)(tu)為(wei)主，耕作(zuo)土(tu)(tu)層多為(wei)谷(gu)底沖積(ji)或山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)土(tu)(tu)沙(sha)聚(ju)積(ji)而(er)成(cheng)為(wei)平(ping)洼地(di)(di)和山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)坑田(tian)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)PH平(ping)均值6.0—7.0，加上種植土(tu)(tu)層深厚、疏松肥(fei)沃、保水保肥(fei)力(li)強(qiang)，非常適(shi)應杜(du)阮(ruan)(ruan)涼瓜對土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)的(de)(de)(de)生長(chang)要(yao)求(qiu)。

（2）水(shui)(shui)(shui)文(wen)情況：境內年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量約為(wei)1710mm，平水(shui)(shui)(shui)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1700mm，豐水(shui)(shui)(shui)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)2300 mm，枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)1200 mm。累(lei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量保證率在(zai)(zai)1331.4 mm。累(lei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)月(yue)平均數降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量最(zui)多(duo)是8月(yue)份，296.3 mm；最(zui)少月(yue)份媯12月(yue)，32.0 mm。累(lei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)天(tian)達(da)124天(tian)，占全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)天(tian)數34%，地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)以花崗巖的(de)地(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)最(zui)豐富，沙頁(ye)巖次之，紅(hong)巖最(zui)少，在(zai)(zai)深井100米以內的(de)賦存上層孔(kong)隙(xi)潛(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，微壓水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)下(xia)層基巖裂(lie)隙(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質均十分優良，配合該地(di)區在(zai)(zai)近年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)興建的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)程，包括各類中型及小一型水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫4座(zuo)，總庫容達(da)2489萬立方米，水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)主要來自山泉水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)自然(ran)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質皆達(da)到無公害蔬菜種(zhong)植(zhi)標準(zhun)，可為(wei)下(xia)游境內2000多(duo)畝杜(du)阮涼瓜提供潔凈、可靠(kao)、優質的(de)灌(guan)溉保障(zhang)。?

（3）氣候情況：杜阮(ruan)鎮位于北回歸線以南(nan)，地處亞熱帶(dai)(dai)，屬南(nan)亞熱帶(dai)(dai)季風(feng)氣候，一年(nian)四季明顯，氣候溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)和，熱量(liang)充足，雨量(liang)充沛，光照(zhao)(zhao)充足。無霜(shuang)期在360天以上，全年(nian)無雪。境(jing)內(nei)全年(nian)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在0℃以上，2004—2010年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)21.8。C，累年(nian)最(zui)(zui)高氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)38.3℃，最(zui)(zui)低(di)氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)24℃，境(jing)內(nei)平(ping)均(jun)總(zong)積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)7687.5℃。平(ping)均(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)時(shi)數為(wei)(wei)(wei)1798.2小時(shi)，占可照(zhao)(zhao)時(shi)數41%，統計期內(nei)月平(ping)均(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)最(zui)(zui)高值(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)215.3小時(shi)，最(zui)(zui)少值(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)73.5小時(shi)，分別出現于3月、7月。平(ping)均(jun)氣壓為(wei)(wei)(wei)1009.7百帕，平(ping)均(jun)絕對濕(shi)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)22.6毫帕，平(ping)均(jun)相對濕(shi)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)81%。境(jing)內(nei)得天獨厚(hou)的氣溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、日(ri)照(zhao)(zhao)、溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度等自(zi)然因(yin)素(su)的完美結合(he)，使杜阮(ruan)涼瓜外形討好、風(feng)味獨特(te)、品質優良，從而深(shen)受廣(guang)大消費者(zhe)的歡迎(ying)，成為(wei)(wei)(wei)我我市甚至全省特(te)色農產品中的佼(jiao)佼(jiao)者(zhe)。

三.地域范圍

杜(du)阮(ruan)涼瓜產于江門市蓬江區(qu)杜(du)阮(ruan)鎮(zhen)中(zhong)和(he)、龍(long)(long)溪(xi)、亭園(yuan)、雙樓(lou)、井(jing)根(gen)、子(zi)綿(mian)、松(song)嶺、龍(long)(long)眠(mian)、龍(long)(long)安、龍(long)(long)榜、杜(du)阮(ruan)、杜(du)臂、上(shang)巷、松(song)園(yuan)、瑤村、北蘆(lu)、南蘆(lu)、長喬、木(mu)朗、貫(guan)溪(xi)20個(ge)村委會和(he)中(zhong)心、新(xin)河、金朗3個(ge)社區(qu)居委會。杜(du)阮(ruan)鎮(zhen)地(di)處江門市蓬江區(qu)西部，地(di)理(li)坐標為東經112 o54′55 ″~ 113o4′1″，北緯22 o33′7 ″~ 22o39′6″，杜(du)阮(ruan)鎮(zhen)東面(mian)的貫(guan)溪(xi)村與江門市環市街道辦(ban)接壤(rang)，西面(mian)的子(zi)綿(mian)、井(jing)根(gen)、中(zhong)和(he)、龍(long)(long)溪(xi)、亭園(yuan)村與鶴山(shan)市的共(gong)和(he)鎮(zhen)毗鄰，南面(mian)是新(xin)會區(qu)的圭峰山(shan)脈，北面(mian)與棠下鎮(zhen)相連(lian)。全鎮(zhen)涼瓜生產面(mian)積8000畝，年產量9500噸(dun)。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征

杜(du)阮(ruan)(ruan)涼瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)，是(shi)葫蘆科植物，為(wei)(wei)一年(nian)生攀緣草本。果型短，蒂部寬園、果尖似(si)鑿子，，瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)形(xing)較肥壯平(ping)頂粒粗，尾(wei)尖，本地人稱之為(wei)(wei)大(da)頂瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)，將其(qi)形(xing)容(rong)為(wei)(wei)“柿(shi)餅(bing)蒂，老鼠尾(wei)”。 色綠如翡翠，肉(rou)厚脆(cui)口、甘而不苦(ku)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點爽(shuang)脆(cui)無(wu)渣，苦(ku)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)的(de)(de)(de)果實(shi)中還含(han)有(you)(you)苦(ku)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)甙，種子和(he)葉中含(han)有(you)(you)大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)苦(ku)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)素，是(shi)美容(rong)、護(hu)膚、提高(gao)自身(shen)免疫力的(de)(de)(de)好選(xuan)擇，因此杜(du)阮(ruan)(ruan)涼瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)成為(wei)(wei)了(le)當(dang)今社會一種綠色生態(tai)時尚的(de)(de)(de)健康食品。杜(du)阮(ruan)(ruan)涼瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)的(de)(de)(de)營養(yang)豐富，食用效果極佳(jia)，含(han)有(you)(you)大(da)量(liang)人體必須的(de)(de)(de)礦物質和(he)氨基(ji)酸，據營養(yang)分(fen)(fen)析資料顯示(shi)，每l00克(ke)杜(du)阮(ruan)(ruan)涼瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)可食部分(fen)(fen)，含(han)水分(fen)(fen)9.5-95.克(ke)，總糖.60-.68克(ke)，粗纖維0.-0.8克(ke)，鈣-4毫克(ke)，磷4-5毫克(ke)，鐵0.57-0.7毫克(ke)，其(qi)中以氨基(ji)酸的(de)(de)(de)含(han)量(liang)最為(wei)(wei)突(tu)出，總含(han)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)0.75-.克(ke)。另外，肉(rou)厚色綠，有(you)(you)著口感爽(shuang)脆(cui)。杜(du)阮(ruan)(ruan)涼瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)地環境、要(yao)(yao)符合(he)《NY500無(wu)公(gong)害食品蔬菜產(chan)地環境條(tiao)件》的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。生產(chan)過程必須嚴格按(an)照《無(wu)公(gong)害食品苦(ku)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)生產(chan)技術規程》NYT 5077-00執行，質量(liang)要(yao)(yao)達到《NY 5074-005無(wu)公(gong)害食品 瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)類(lei)蔬菜》的(de)(de)(de)標準要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，產(chan)品實(shi)行檢測后上(shang)市。

五(wu).特定生產方式(shi)

附近要(yao)求(qiu)無工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)污染(ran)(ran)，區(qu)內及周圍(wei)無污染(ran)(ran)水源(yuan)，無固體(ti)廢棄物(wu)等污染(ran)(ran)，環(huan)境條件(jian)符(fu)合“NY5110—2002無公害(hai)食品產(chan)地環(huan)境條件(jian)”要(yao)求(qiu)。 根據杜阮涼瓜(gua)的(de)(de)(de)風味特點(dian)，品質(zhi)(zhi)特征主要(yao)決定于當地獨特的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境和人工(gong)(gong)選育，總體(ti)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)選擇(ze)粒大飽滿(man)、無蟲(chong)(chong)口、色(se)(se)澤(ze)金黃的(de)(de)(de)種子。 杜阮涼瓜(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程必須嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)照《杜阮苦瓜(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)技術規程》（DNB440700/T15-2003）操作(zuo)。 病蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)按(an)照“預防(fang)(fang)為主，綜合防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)植保方(fang)針，堅持以(yi)“農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、物(wu)理(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為主，化學(xue)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)為輔”的(de)(de)(de)原則(ze)。加(jia)強(qiang)栽培管(guan)理(li)(li)，采(cai)取土壤翻曬，增施有(you)(you)機質(zhi)(zhi)肥(fei)，合理(li)(li)施肥(fei)，合理(li)(li)排(pai)灌，搭架、引蔓、整蔓等農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)措施，改善田(tian)(tian)間(jian)(jian)小氣候，減少病蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)發生(sheng)(sheng)，增強(qiang)植株自(zi)身抗病蟲(chong)(chong)能力，提高(gao)產(chan)量(liang)(liang)和果品質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。嚴(yan)格(ge)執行國家有(you)(you)關(guan)規定，禁止(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)劇毒、高(gao)度、高(gao)殘留農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)。農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)應符(fu)合GB 4285和GB/T 8321的(de)(de)(de)規定。農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)交替使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)照農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)安全間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)藥(yao)。 采(cai)收的(de)(de)(de)苦瓜(gua)應是商品成熟的(de)(de)(de)，從開花到商品成熟一般需(xu)要(yao)13天(tian)～15天(tian)。當苦瓜(gua)皮色(se)(se)由(you)青綠色(se)(se)轉為臘(la)綠色(se)(se)、有(you)(you)光澤(ze)、果實(shi)飽滿(man)，即可采(cai)收。收獲(huo)后(hou)將苦瓜(gua)田(tian)(tian)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)殘枝敗葉(xie)和雜草清理(li)(li)干凈，集中進(jin)行無害(hai)化處(chu)理(li)(li)，保持田(tian)(tian)間(jian)(jian)清潔(jie)。 杜阮涼瓜(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)全過(guo)程，如實(shi)記(ji)錄(lu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)投入(ru)品的(de)(de)(de)名稱、來源(yuan)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)法、用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)和使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)、停用(yong)(yong)(yong)日(ri)期(qi)、收獲(huo)日(ri)期(qi)、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢測情況、銷售情況、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)記(ji)錄(lu)等，以(yi)備查閱。

六(liu).包裝標識相(xiang)關規定

地(di)域保護范(fan)(fan)圍內的“杜(du)阮(ruan)特產(chan)(chan)(chan)-涼瓜(gua)”生產(chan)(chan)(chan)經營(ying)者，在產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)或(huo)包裝上使(shi)用(yong)“杜(du)阮(ruan)特產(chan)(chan)(chan)-涼瓜(gua)”農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)及圖案，必須向杜(du)阮(ruan)鎮農業服(fu)務中心提出(chu)申請，申請通過后方可采(cai)用(yong)杜(du)阮(ruan)涼瓜(gua)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)公共(gong)標(biao)(biao)識(shi)字樣和(he)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)圖案，并按照要求規范(fan)(fan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)和(he)使(shi)用(yong)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)。