一、屋頂光伏發電和地面光伏發電對比
地面(mian)電站(zhan)和(he)屋頂分布式(shi)電站(zhan)是目(mu)前光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電站(zhan)投資(zi)的(de)(de)兩大類型(xing)。地面(mian)電站(zhan)因(yin)擁有清晰(xi)的(de)(de)產(chan)權(quan)而(er)容易獲(huo)得(de)金融支持,安裝、接入方式(shi)簡單,只與電網有結(jie)算(suan)關系,這些都是其(qi)優點(dian)。但(dan)同時還(huan)要看到,地面(mian)電站(zhan)存在占(zhan)用大量土地、補貼到位(wei)時間(jian)長等(deng)不(bu)足(zu)。此外,地面(mian)電站(zhan)還(huan)會受到電改等(deng)因(yin)素的(de)(de)影響,由于發(fa)電側放開(kai)競價上網,光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)地面(mian)電站(zhan)競爭(zheng)力就會顯(xian)得(de)嚴(yan)重不(bu)足(zu)。
另(ling)外還需要考(kao)慮到(dao),屋(wu)頂(ding)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)站往往會因產權不(bu)夠(gou)清晰(xi),而不(bu)容易獲得金融支(zhi)持;同時,屋(wu)頂(ding)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)站的安裝(zhuang)、接入方(fang)(fang)式相對復雜(za);其結算關系(xi)(xi)上存在(zai)屋(wu)頂(ding)業主(zhu)、投資方(fang)(fang)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)網三方(fang)(fang)關系(xi)(xi),業主(zhu)有違約風險(xian)等。必須看到(dao),不(bu)占用土地、電(dian)(dian)(dian)量消(xiao)納不(bu)受(shou)限(xian)制、首(shou)(shou)次補貼到(dao)位時間為一個季度等,都是(shi)(shi)屋(wu)頂(ding)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)站的優勢。同時,由于是(shi)(shi)直供電(dian)(dian)(dian),屋(wu)頂(ding)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)站未來會成為售電(dian)(dian)(dian)公司(si)的首(shou)(shou)選(xuan)。
二、屋頂光伏發電有沒有輻射
屋頂光伏發電沒(mei)有輻射(she),不(bu)會(hui)(hui)對人(ren)體有害。光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)是(shi)將(jiang)光(guang)能通過半導體的(de)特性直(zhi)接轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)能的(de),再通過逆變器(qi)將(jiang)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)換成可(ke)以被(bei)我們使(shi)用的(de)交流電(dian)(dian)。其中沒(mei)有任何化(hua)(hua)學變化(hua)(hua)以及核反應(ying),所以光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)是(shi)不(bu)會(hui)(hui)有輻射(she)的(de)。光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)是(shi)無(wu)污染、無(wu)輻射(she),取之(zhi)不(bu)盡(jin)用之(zhi)不(bu)竭的(de)清潔能源。
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組件(jian)本身(shen)在(zai)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)并(bing)不產(chan)生(sheng)任何電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)輻(fu)射(she)(she),但是為了將(jiang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組件(jian)所(suo)發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直流電(dian)(dian)轉變為交流電(dian)(dian)并(bing)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)和(he)電(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接,通常需要很多的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)力設備和(he)電(dian)(dian)子器件(jian),這些設備在(zai)運(yun)行時(shi)(shi)(shi)會影響周圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)環境。 這里(li)用(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統和(he)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)環境指(zhi)代(dai)存在(zai)于(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)系統周邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)由于(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)系統運(yun)行產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)現(xian)(xian)象的(de)(de)(de)(de)總和(he)。 經(jing)科學測定,太(tai)陽能光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)環境低于(yu)各項指(zhi)標的(de)(de)(de)(de)限值。在(zai)工頻段,太(tai)陽能光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)站電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)環境甚至低于(yu)正常使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)常用(yong)(yong)家用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)器時(shi)(shi)(shi)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量值;因為光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組件(jian)是沒(mei)有輻(fu)射(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de),相反(fan)它可以(yi)反(fan)射(she)(she)一(yi)些太(tai)陽光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)里(li)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)有害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)外線(xian),所(suo)以(yi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組件(jian)不僅不會有危害(hai)還(huan)而會反(fan)射(she)(she)一(yi)部分有害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)外線(xian),對(dui)人體是沒(mei)有危害(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。