一、潛水泵怎么使用
(一)使用環境要求
1、有(you)安全可靠的(de)電源(yuan)。
2、出水(shui)管口與(yu)水(shui)池水(shui)面落差要小于揚程。
3、要(yao)選擇相對(dui)潔凈的水源。
(二)啟動
1、11千瓦以下的潛水泵允許直接(jie)啟動,13千瓦以上的潛(qian)水泵(beng)應配(pei)備降壓(ya)啟動柜,來(lai)保護潛(qian)水泵(beng)的安全運行。
2.、為了避免潛水(shui)泵(beng)轉子瞬間上竄及(ji)減(jian)小啟(qi)動負(fu)荷,潛水(shui)泵(beng)啟(qi)動時應把出口閥門行程關(guan)至3/4處(chu)(留1/4氣(qi)隙,以便放(fang)氣(qi)),待啟(qi)動出水(shui)后緩緩打開,至水(shui)泵(beng)工(gong)況(kuang)點控制在適當位(wei)置。
3、啟動(dong)完畢開始(shi)運(yun)(yun)(yun)轉后,應加強監護及觀(guan)測(ce)水(shui)(shui)位變化(hua),保證(zheng)潛水(shui)(shui)泵在工況范圍內運(yun)(yun)(yun)行,待潛水(shui)(shui)泵運(yun)(yun)(yun)行平穩(wen)后方可投入正(zheng)式運(yun)(yun)(yun)轉。
4、潛水泵第一次投入運行5小時(shi)后,停機迅速測量熱絕緣電阻(zu),其(qi)值不低于0.5MΩ,才能繼續使用。
(三)運行
1、潛水泵應在設(she)計(ji)工(gong)況(kuang)點工(gong)作,此時軸(zhou)向力適中,泵效最(zui)高,最(zui)經濟可靠(kao)。
2、潛(qian)水泵每運行8小時要全(quan)面檢查(cha)一(yi)次(ci),各(ge)個儀表有無變(bian)化,電(dian)路節點是(shi)否發熱,聲音是(shi)否正常,正常工作(zuo)電(dian)流是(shi)否大于(yu)電(dian)機名牌的(de)額(e)定值。
注(zhu)意(yi),有下列情況之一的,應立(li)即(ji)停泵:
1)泵的工作(zuo)電(dian)流忽然(ran)高出電(dian)機(ji)額定電(dian)流的。
2)出(chu)水量不正(zheng)常(chang),間隙性出(chu)水,含沙量加大(da)。
3)電(dian)機絕緣電(dian)阻(zu)低于0.5兆歐的。
4)機組有明顯的噪音震動加(jia)劇的。
5)電網電壓(ya)不足(zu),低(di)于額(e)定電壓(ya)5%的。
6)保險絲燒壞一相。
7)輸水管(guan)路(lu)損壞。
(四)停泵
潛水泵(beng)停機前(qian),為防(fang)止(zhi)水的倒流,在切斷電源的同時要關閉閥門,重新啟動(dong)時間隔20分鐘以上。
二、潛水電泵使用注意事項
1、安裝漏電保護器
漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)(qi)也叫(jiao)保(bao)(bao)命器(qi)(qi),它的作用(yong)從“保(bao)(bao)命器(qi)(qi)”這三個字就可以理解。因為潛水泵(beng)在水下工(gong)作,容易漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)造成電(dian)(dian)能(neng)損失(shi)甚(shen)至(zhi)引發(fa)觸電(dian)(dian)事故(gu)。如果裝有漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)(qi),只要潛水泵(beng)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)值(zhi)超過(guo)(guo)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)(qi)的動作電(dian)(dian)流值(zhi)(一般不(bu)超過(guo)(guo)30毫安(an)),漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護器(qi)(qi)就會切斷潛水泵(beng)的電(dian)(dian)源,避免漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)浪費(fei)電(dian)(dian)能(neng),確保(bao)(bao)安(an)全。
2、電源電壓異常莫開機
農村由于低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路比較長,線(xian)(xian)路的末端(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過低(di)(di)是常有(you)的事。當相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)(di)于198伏,線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)(di)于342伏時(shi),潛水(shui)(shui)泵電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)轉速下(xia)降,當達不(bu)到額定轉速的70%時(shi),啟(qi)動離心開關會閉合,造成啟(qi)動繞(rao)組(zu)長時(shi)間通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)而發熱甚(shen)至燒(shao)(shao)壞(huai)繞(rao)組(zu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器。相反,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過高(gao)引起電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)過熱而燒(shao)(shao)壞(huai)繞(rao)組(zu)。因(yin)此,潛水(shui)(shui)泵在作業中(zhong),操(cao)作者必須隨(sui)時(shi)觀察電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi),若低(di)(di)于額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)10%以(yi)(yi)下(xia),高(gao)于額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)10%以(yi)(yi)上(shang),應(ying)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)停(ting)止(zhi)運轉,找出原(yuan)因(yin)并(bing)排除故障。
3、避免頻繁開關
不要頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)地開(kai)關潛(qian)水泵(beng),這是因(yin)為電泵(beng)停轉時會(hui)(hui)產(chan)生回(hui)流,若立即開(kai)機,會(hui)(hui)使(shi)電機負載(zai)啟(qi)動(dong),導致啟(qi)動(dong)電流過大而(er)燒壞(huai)繞組(zu)。由于(yu)啟(qi)動(dong)時電流很(hen)大,頻(pin)(pin)繁(fan)啟(qi)動(dong)也(ye)會(hui)(hui)燒壞(huai)潛(qian)水泵(beng)電動(dong)機繞組(zu)。
4、莫讓潛水電泵長期超負荷工作
為(wei)避免(mian)潛(qian)水電(dian)(dian)泵長(chang)期超負荷工作(zuo),不要(yao)抽含(han)沙(sha)量大的(de)水并隨(sui)時(shi)觀(guan)察電(dian)(dian)流值是否在銘(ming)牌上規(gui)定的(de)數值,若(ruo)發現電(dian)(dian)流過大,應停機檢(jian)查。另外,電(dian)(dian)泵脫(tuo)水運行的(de)時(shi)間不宜過長(chang),以免(mian)使電(dian)(dian)機過熱而燒(shao)毀。
5、電機的旋轉方向要正確
應搞(gao)清電機的旋轉(zhuan)方向,有許多(duo)類型的潛水(shui)泵正(zheng)轉(zhuan)和反(fan)轉(zhuan)時皆可(ke)出水(shui),但反(fan)轉(zhuan)時出水(shui)量(liang)小、電流大,其反(fan)轉(zhuan)時間長了會損壞電機繞組。
6、電纜線安裝與潛水電泵的絕緣電阻要求
安(an)(an)裝潛(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)時(shi),電(dian)(dian)纜線要(yao)(yao)架空,電(dian)(dian)源線不(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)太長(chang)。潛(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)下水(shui)或提(ti)出時(shi)切勿使電(dian)(dian)纜受力,以免引(yin)起(qi)電(dian)(dian)源線斷裂。潛(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)工(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)不(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)沉(chen)入泥中(zhong),否則會導致電(dian)(dian)機(ji)散熱不(bu)(bu)良而燒壞(huai)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)繞組(zu)。安(an)(an)裝時(shi),電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的絕緣電(dian)(dian)阻不(bu)(bu)應低于0.5兆歐。
7、勤查勤看發現問題及時修復
平時要經常檢查電機,如發現下蓋有裂紋、橡膠密封環損壞或失效等,應及時更換或修復,避免水滲入潛水泵。