上(shang)海城隍廟坐(zuo)落于上(shang)海老城廂最為繁華的黃浦(pu)區(qu)豫園旅游區(qu),是(shi)上(shang)海地區(qu)著名的道(dao)教宮觀(guan),始建(jian)于明代永樂(le)年間(1403-1424),距今已(yi)有六百余年的歷(li)史。由于上(shang)海(hai)城(cheng)隍尊神在本地區(qu)的(de)(de)特殊地位,在六百年(nian)的(de)(de)發(fa)展歷程中,上(shang)海(hai)城(cheng)隍廟道觀(guan)的(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)和(he)發(fa)展得到了明(ming)、清歷任地方(fang)縣府的(de)(de)重(zhong)視(shi)和(he)上(shang)海(hai)地區(qu)百姓的(de)(de)熱心(xin)支(zhi)持。
從明代永(yong)樂年(nian)間到清代道光年(nian)間(1821-1850)上海城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟的廟基不斷擴(kuo)大(da),宮觀建筑不斷增加,最為(wei)繁(fan)盛時(shi)期,總面積達到49.9畝土地(di),約三萬三千多平方(fang)米。作為(wei)上海地(di)區重要(yao)的道教(jiao)(jiao)宮觀,1995年(nian),隨著宗教(jiao)(jiao)信仰自由政策(ce)的逐步落實,上海城(cheng)(cheng)隍廟得到恢復(fu),重新成為(wei)由正(zheng)一派道士(shi)管理的道教(jiao)(jiao)宮觀,完成了(le)一期修復(fu)工程。
2006年,在市、區政府的關心下,在上海市豫園商城股份有限公司的支持下,上海城隍廟大殿前廂房的使用權得以歸還,完成了二期修復工程。2015 年(nian),上(shang)(shang)海城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao)前(qian)庭兩(liang)側廂房使用權收回,廟(miao)觀進行了新一輪的修繕(shan),廟(miao)觀布局基(ji)本(ben)完整,為完善功能(neng),服務(wu)社會提供了更廣闊的活動平臺。如(ru)今的上(shang)(shang)海城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)廟(miao),包括(kuo)霍光殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、元(yuan)辰殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、財(cai)神殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、慈(ci)航殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、三官殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、月老殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、城(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、娘娘殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、父母(mu)殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、關圣殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、文昌殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、祖師殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)十二個殿(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)堂(tang),總面(mian)積約三千余平方米。
上海(hai)城(cheng)隍廟殿堂(tang)建筑屬南方大式(shi)建筑,紅墻泥(ni)瓦,廟內主體建筑由(you)廟前廣場、大殿、元辰殿,財神殿、慈航殿、城(cheng)隍殿、娘娘殿等組成。
儀門(men)是過(guo)去官衙的(de)(de)(de)第二道正門(men)。儀門(men)前(qian)面有二副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)(lian)。一副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)上聯(lian)(lian)是:陽(yang)世(shi)之間(jian)積(ji)善(shan)作惡(e)皆由(you)你(ni);下聯(lian)(lian)是:陰曹地府古(gu)往今來(lai)放(fang)過(guo)誰。這副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思就是,在陽(yang)世(shi),你(ni)生活中,做好事(shi)或(huo)者做壞(huai)事(shi),都是由(you)你(ni)自己決定的(de)(de)(de)。可(ke)是人(ren)死(si)后到了陰間(jian),地獄的(de)(de)(de)官府從古(gu)到今,從來(lai)不(bu)會(hui)(hui)放(fang)過(guo)要懲罰的(de)(de)(de)壞(huai)人(ren)。另一副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)上聯(lian)(lian)是:世(shi)事(shi)何須多(duo)計(ji)較;下聯(lian)(lian)是:神界自有大乘除(chu)。這副對(dui)(dui)(dui)聯(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思就是,人(ren)生在世(shi),碰(peng)到各種吃虧(kui)或(huo)沾便(bian)宜的(de)(de)(de)事(shi)情,你(ni)不(bu)必多(duo)加計(ji)較。因為,神靈對(dui)(dui)(dui)于人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)善(shan)良和罪(zui)惡(e)都會(hui)(hui)加以(yi)回報或(huo)清算的(de)(de)(de)。
在(zai)對聯(lian)的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)面(mian)掛著一只很大的(de)(de)(de)算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤,算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤上(shang)刻著四個字“不(bu)由人(ren)(ren)(ren)算(suan)(suan)(suan)”,算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)算(suan)(suan)(suan)珠有(you)(you)(you)上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)下,象征(zheng)神界(jie)(jie)正在(zai)進行“大乘除”。算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤的(de)(de)(de)旁邊立了二塊巨(ju)(ju)額。巨(ju)(ju)額上(shang)寫(xie)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi):為(wei)(wei)善者(zhe)昌,為(wei)(wei)惡者(zhe)亡(wang)(wang)。意(yi)思(si)是(shi):做(zuo)好事的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren),在(zai)神界(jie)(jie)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)中(zhong)(zhong)一定(ding)會興(xing)旺發達;做(zuo)壞事的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren),在(zai)神界(jie)(jie)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)中(zhong)(zhong)一定(ding)會衰敗(bai)滅亡(wang)(wang)。城隍廟掛大算(suan)(suan)(suan)盤是(shi)有(you)(you)(you)深刻含義的(de)(de)(de)。它一方面(mian)告訴信眾(zhong),做(zuo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)要(yao)淡泊(bo)名利(li)(li),不(bu)要(yao)自(zi)私自(zi)利(li)(li),不(bu)要(yao)斤(jin)斤(jin)計(ji)(ji)較。因為(wei)(wei),人(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)(you)算(suan)(suan)(suan)計(ji)(ji),天(tian)有(you)(you)(you)算(suan)(suan)(suan)計(ji)(ji),人(ren)(ren)(ren)算(suan)(suan)(suan)總不(bu)如天(tian)算(suan)(suan)(suan)。過分計(ji)(ji)較的(de)(de)(de)結果會自(zi)食其果。另一方面(mian)又是(shi)告示天(tian)下,天(tian)算(suan)(suan)(suan)就是(shi)天(tian)道,天(tian)道自(zi)有(you)(you)(you)規(gui)律,任何人(ren)(ren)(ren)只有(you)(you)(you)循天(tian)道而行才有(you)(you)(you)善終(zhong),逆天(tian)道而行必然自(zi)取(qu)滅亡(wang)(wang)。
大殿正門(men)上懸“城(cheng)隍廟”匾額,并配(pei)以對聯“做個好(hao)人心正身安魂夢穩,行些善事天知(zhi)地鑒鬼神欽”。
大殿內供奉金山(shan)神(shen)主漢代博(bo)陸侯霍光大將(jiang)軍坐像,左(zuo)首為(wei)文判官(guan)(guan),右首為(wei)武判官(guan)(guan),次為(wei)日巡與夜(ye)查,日巡、夜(ye)查以(yi)下為(wei)八皂隸。
第一對(dui)立柱懸有(you)對(dui)聯“威靈顯(xian)赫護國安邦扶社稷,圣(sheng)道高明降(jiang)施甘露救(jiu)生民”以(yi)贊揚城隍神的功績,上懸匾額(e)“牧化黎民”。
第二對立(li)柱(zhu)上(shang)懸“刻薄成(cheng)家難免子孫浪費,奸(jian)淫造孽焉能(neng)妻女清貞”的對聯以警示(shi)世人。城隍廟大殿在明代(dai)永樂年間已(yi)經存(cun)在,當時的上(shang)海知縣張守約將供奉金(jin)山(shan)神主(zhu)霍(huo)(huo)光的金(jin)山(shan)行祠改建為上(shang)海城隍廟大殿,殿內(nei)依舊(jiu)供奉金(jin)山(shan)神主(zhu)霍(huo)(huo)光。
1924年為火(huo)所(suo)焚,1926年開始(shi)重建(jian),1927年完工,大殿(dian)即(ji)是(shi)重建(jian)于1926年的城(cheng)隍廟大殿(dian),為全部(bu)鋼筋水泥結構(gou)仿古(gu)大殿(dian)。
元(yuan)辰殿(dian)(dian):又稱六十甲子殿(dian)(dian)。元(yuan),為“善”,元(yuan)辰,就(jiu)是指吉利時日(ri)的意思。
元辰神(shen)靈是中(zhong)國(guo)的年歲神(shen)靈,與每(mei)一位中(zhong)國(guo)人的年運有(you)關。
中國古(gu)代子(zi)以(yi)天干地支循環相配由甲(jia)子(zi)起至癸亥結束,以(yi)六(liu)(liu)十為(wei)一周(zhou),故(gu)也稱六(liu)(liu)十甲(jia)子(zi),后道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)以(yi)六(liu)(liu)十甲(jia)子(zi)配以(yi)神(shen)(shen)名,從而形成了道(dao)教(jiao)(jiao)元辰信仰。因(yin)六(liu)(liu)十甲(jia)子(zi)神(shen)(shen)靈是(shi)星神(shen)(shen),故(gu)也稱太歲神(shen)(shen)。
在(zai)(zai)民間,指人(ren)們(men)把某年(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)六十元辰中所對(dui)應的太歲神(shen)稱(cheng)為當(dang)年(nian)(nian)的值年(nian)(nian)太歲,本人(ren)出生之(zhi)年(nian)(nian)的所對(dui)應的太歲神(shen)稱(cheng)為本命太歲。信徒禮拜本命太歲,祈求年(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)平安,吉祥如(ru)意的儀式,就稱(cheng)為順(shun)星。
慈(ci)航殿(dian):慈(ci)航殿(dian)內(nei)供奉慈(ci)航真人(主平安(an)),又稱(cheng)慈(ci)航仙(xian)(xian)姑真人、也(ye)稱(cheng)慈(ci)航大士、圓通自在天(tian)尊(zun),本是(shi)道教(jiao)女真神仙(xian)(xian) 農歷六月十八生(sheng)日。法(fa)寶為三寶玉如意(yi)、清凈琉璃瓶。
慈航大(da)士垂慈施德,普濟(ji)世間(jian)苦難(nan)之人(ren);左(zuo)邊為眼(yan)光娘娘(主治眼(yan)疾(ji)),又稱(cheng)眼(yan)光圣母惠照明目元君(jun),傳說眼(yan)光娘娘能治療各(ge)種疾(ji)病,保佑人(ren)們眼(yan)明心亮、身體健康(kang)。
農歷三月(yue)初六(liu)與四月(yue)廿日都是(shi)眼光(guang)娘(niang)娘(niang)誕辰。右邊為天(tian)后娘(niang)娘(niang)媽祖(主出海(hai)平(ping)安),又稱輔兜昭孝純(chun)正(zheng)靈應(ying)孚濟護國庇民妙(miao)靈昭應(ying)弘(hong)仁普濟天(tian)妃,司掌海(hai)上安全、商業興隆(long)、平(ping)安守護、消災避難。
財(cai)神殿:財(cai)神殿內供奉財(cai)神、招財(cai)仙(xian)官(guan)、進寶(bao)仙(xian)官(guan)、利市仙(xian)官(guan)、納珍仙(xian)官(guan)。趙(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)明,本名朗,字公(gong)明,又(you)稱趙(zhao)(zhao)玄壇(tan),趙(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)元帥(shuai)(shuai)。“玄壇(tan)”是指道教的齋壇(tan),也(ye)有護法(fa)之(zhi)意(yi),為(wei)道教四大元帥(shuai)(shuai)之(zhi)一。同時(shi)為(wei)雷部將帥(shuai)(shuai)和五方瘟神之(zhi)一。又(you)相(xiang)傳為(wei)正財(cai)神,司(si)掌世間財(cai)源。多為(wei)黑面濃須,騎黑虎,一手執銀鞭,一手持元寶(bao),全副戎裝。統帥(shuai)(shuai)招財(cai)仙(xian)官(guan)陳(chen)九(jiu)公(gong)、進寶(bao)仙(xian)官(guan)蕭升、利市仙(xian)官(guan)姚(yao)少司(si)和納珍仙(xian)官(guan)曹(cao)寶(bao),專司(si)迎祥納福、商賈買賣。
城(cheng)隍殿(dian)(dian):城(cheng)隍廟內(nei)(nei)最后一進殿(dian)(dian)為(wei)城(cheng)隍殿(dian)(dian)。城(cheng)隍殿(dian)(dian)兩側懸(xuan)有(you)對聯以贊(zan)揚(yang)城(cheng)隍神(shen)公正(zheng)無私(si)“禍福分明(ming)此地難通線索,善(shan)惡立判(pan)須知(zhi)天(tian)道無私(si)”,上懸(xuan)匾額“威(wei)靈顯(xian)赫(he)”。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)另(ling)有(you)一副贊(zan)神(shen)對聯“天(tian)道無私(si)做善(shan)降祥預知(zhi)吉兇禍福,神(shen)明(ming)有(you)應修功解厄(e)分辨邪(xie)正(zheng)忠奸”橫批(pi)“燮理陰陽”。城(cheng)隍殿(dian)(dian)中央供奉上海縣(xian)城(cheng)隍神(shen)紅臉(lian)木雕(diao)像,正(zheng)襟危坐(zuo)。城(cheng)隍殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)(nei)仿照(zhao)明(ming)代縣(xian)衙(ya)公堂陳(chen)設,儀仗森嚴。
娘(niang)(niang)(niang)娘(niang)(niang)(niang)殿:城隍(huang)殿西面為娘(niang)(niang)(niang)娘(niang)(niang)(niang)殿,供奉上(shang)海縣城隍(huang)神夫人(ren)儲(chu)氏。城隍(huang)夫人(ren)儲(chu)氏,周浦一(yi)帶(dai)的(de)望族之女。當(dang)時,周浦儲(chu)姓家族頗(po)具聲望,祖輩是宋代詞(ci)人(ren)儲(chu)泳(yong)(約1101~1165,字文卿,號華谷),隨宋室南遷而隱居在(zai)周浦一(yi)帶(dai)。
父母(mu)殿(dian):城(cheng)隍(huang)殿(dian)東首為(wei)父母(mu)殿(dian),殿(dian)內供(gong)奉(feng)上(shang)海縣城(cheng)隍(huang)神父母(mu)。城(cheng)隍(huang)父秦良(liang)(liang)顥(hao)(1278~1355),字(zi)信甫,號述齋(zhai)。師從蕭氏(shi),搜(sou)集(ji)蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)文(wen)史(shi)傳故事及時(shi)務(wu)功要者三百(bai)余(yu)條(tiao),編(bian)譯成漢文(wen)的(de)知識大(da)全(quan)《纂(zuan)通》;又掇拾師言(yan),兼采別說,輯(ji)成《一貫》,并取(qu)蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)及維(wei)吾爾問答之(zhi)言(yan),編(bian)成《吹萬集(ji)》。他(ta)是(shi)極為(wei)難得的(de)漢人(ren)出(chu)(chu)身的(de)蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)文(wen)專家(jia)。當時(shi),漢人(ren)學蒙(meng)古(gu)(gu)文(wen)者無(wu)出(chu)(chu)其(qi)右,因(yin)此他(ta)年紀(ji)輕輕就出(chu)(chu)任國子監學錄,而他(ta)“淡然無(wu)求進意,隱居教授(shou),戶外之(zhi)屨至,無(wu)所容達(da)。官(guan)大(da)人(ren)至者,莫不(bu)(bu)晉謁,與之(zhi)語(yu),動中肯綮,而適于事情未嘗 不(bu)(bu)為(wei)之(zhi)嘆服也”,“其(qi)平(ping)時(shi)一言(yan)一動,無(wu)不(bu)(bu)揆乎(hu)道義,人(ren)皆(jie)稱篤行君子焉(yan)”。大(da)德年間(1297~1307),秦良(liang)(liang)顥(hao)經(jing)翰林寇學士推薦,進萬言(yan)策,由國子監學錄提(ti)升為(wei)浙西榷鹺使。于是(shi),秦良(liang)(liang)顥(hao)舉家(jia)南下返回上(shang)海地區。
文(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)殿內供奉(feng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝(di)君。文(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝(di)君又稱(cheng)(cheng)梓(zi)(zi)(zi)潼(tong)(tong)帝(di)君、文(wen)(wen)(wen)曲星(xing)(xing)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)星(xing)(xing),為主宰功(gong)名(ming)、祿位(wei)之神。是中國民間和道(dao)教尊奉(feng)的掌管士人(ren)(ren)功(gong)名(ming)祿位(wei)之神。文(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)本星(xing)(xing)名(ming),亦稱(cheng)(cheng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)星(xing)(xing),或文(wen)(wen)(wen)星(xing)(xing),古時認(ren)為是主持(chi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)運功(gong)名(ming)的星(xing)(xing)宿。其成為中國民間和道(dao)教所信奉(feng)的文(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝(di)君,與梓(zi)(zi)(zi)潼(tong)(tong)神張(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)子(zi)有(you)關(guan)。東(dong)晉寧康二(er)年(374),蜀人(ren)(ren)張(zhang)(zhang)育自(zi)稱(cheng)(cheng)蜀王(wang),起義抗擊前秦苻堅(jian),英勇戰(zhan)死,人(ren)(ren)們在梓(zi)(zi)(zi)潼(tong)(tong)郡七曲山為之建張(zhang)(zhang)育祠(ci),并尊奉(feng)他為雷澤(ze)龍神。其時七曲山另(ling)有(you)梓(zi)(zi)(zi)潼(tong)(tong)神亞(ya)(ya)(ya)子(zi)祠(ci),因兩(liang)祠(ci)相(xiang)鄰(lin),后人(ren)(ren)將兩(liang)祠(ci)神名(ming)合稱(cheng)(cheng)張(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)子(zi),并稱(cheng)(cheng)張(zhang)(zhang)亞(ya)(ya)(ya)子(zi)仕晉戰(zhan)歿。實(shi)為《晉書》所載(zai)張(zhang)(zhang)育之事。左右二(er)童(tong)子(zi)稱(cheng)(cheng)天聾、地啞,是文(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝(di)君的兩(liang)個(ge)(ge)侍童(tong),一(yi)個(ge)(ge)掌管文(wen)(wen)(wen)人(ren)(ren)錄(lu)運薄冊,一(yi)個(ge)(ge)手持(chi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)大(da)印。意思(si)是:能知者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)能言,能言者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)能知。文(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)帝(di)君掌管文(wen)(wen)(wen)章科(ke)舉(ju),關(guan)系富貴貧賤,保密問題很重(zhong)要(yao),以免天機泄漏。
關(guan)圣(sheng)殿內供關(guan)圣(sheng)帝君,左右供周倉(cang)、關(guan)平二位將軍。
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)神,是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)的(de)保護神,“城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”,就是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池(chi);“隍(huang)”是(shi)(shi)干涸(he)的(de)護城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河,“城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”和“隍(huang)”都是(shi)(shi)保護城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)安全的(de)軍事(shi)設施(shi)。
城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)廟里(li)供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神,多數在(zai)(zai)歷史上確有(you)(you)其人(ren)。能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神的(de)(de)人(ren)基本(ben)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)這樣幾(ji)類(lei):第一(yi)(yi)類(lei)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)些有(you)(you)政績的(de)(de)地(di)方官,在(zai)(zai)去世之后(hou),本(ben)地(di)的(de)(de)百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)表(biao)彰他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)功績,供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)地(di)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神,并且希(xi)(xi)望(wang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在(zai)(zai)天之靈依就能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)保(bao)佑本(ben)地(di)的(de)(de)百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)。如(ru)上海(hai)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)賢縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神周中(zhong)鋐,是(shi)(shi)清(qing)代松(song)江(jiang)知府,生前(qian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)官清(qing)廉,最后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)治理(li)地(di)方水患(huan)以(yi)身(shen)殉職(zhi),奉(feng)(feng)(feng)賢縣的(de)(de)百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)紀念(nian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)賢縣的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神;第二類(lei)是(shi)(shi)國家(jia)的(de)(de)功臣,其生前(qian)曾經拯(zheng)救了(le)(le)國家(jia)和(he)百(bai)姓(xing)(xing),人(ren)們為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)表(biao)示感激(ji)之情(qing),將他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神,這類(lei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神中(zhong)有(you)(you)普通(tong)的(de)(de)百(bai)姓(xing)(xing),也有(you)(you)國家(jia)的(de)(de)功臣,如(ru)浙江(jiang)義(yi)烏縣城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)項顯佑,生前(qian)幫助朱元璋統一(yi)(yi)天下,1367年,江(jiang)浙一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)大(da)旱,項顯佑散家(jia)財賑濟百(bai)姓(xing)(xing),救人(ren)無(wu)數,義(yi)烏百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)紀念(nian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),就供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)義(yi)烏縣的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神;第三類(lei)是(shi)(shi)生前(qian)正直的(de)(de)人(ren),如(ru)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)官清(qing)廉,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)正直等,去世以(yi)后(hou),人(ren)們認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在(zai)(zai)冥界一(yi)(yi)樣能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)保(bao)持其正直的(de)(de)品(pin)德(de),保(bao)護(hu)本(ben)地(di)百(bai)姓(xing)(xing),將他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神。如(ru)北(bei)京城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)楊(yang)淑(shu)山(shan),明代嘉(jia)靖(jing)年間進士(shi),官至兵部員外郎(lang),以(yi)剛正不阿而(er)著名(ming)。因彈劾嚴(yan)嵩的(de)(de)十(shi)大(da)罪狀而(er)被捕入(ru)獄,后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)嚴(yan)嵩所害。北(bei)京的(de)(de)百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)就將他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)自己的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神;第四類(lei)是(shi)(shi)行善的(de)(de)人(ren)死(si)(si)后(hou)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神,這些人(ren)通(tong)常(chang)在(zai)(zai)生前(qian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)地(di)的(de)(de)百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)做了(le)(le)很多的(de)(de)好事(shi)(shi),人(ren)們為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)紀念(nian)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta),同時希(xi)(xi)望(wang)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)在(zai)(zai)冥界也能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)老百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)做好事(shi)(shi),就將他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)供(gong)奉(feng)(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神。如(ru)烏魯(lu)木(mu)齊城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神是(shi)(shi)陜(shan)西(xi)人(ren)紀永寧,相傳嘉(jia)靖(jing)三十(shi)一(yi)(yi)年地(di)震,曾捐資埋葬死(si)(si)者四十(shi)余人(ren),多行善事(shi)(shi),上天以(yi)其一(yi)(yi)心(xin)行善,封(feng)其為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)烏魯(lu)木(mu)齊城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)之神。可見,城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神作為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市保(bao)護(hu)神,老百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)希(xi)(xi)望(wang)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)得到他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)保(bao)護(hu),所以(yi),城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)神都是(shi)(shi)由一(yi)(yi)些公(gong)忠正直的(de)(de)人(ren)擔任。
城(cheng)隍神的職能(neng):保(bao)城(cheng)護(hu)民,懲惡揚善(shan),監察萬民,祛除(chu)災(zai)(zai)(zai)厄。《太上老君說城(cheng)隍感應(ying)消災(zai)(zai)(zai)集福妙經》中說城(cheng)隍神:“公忠正直(zhi),有(you)求必應(ying),如(ru)影隨形,代天理物(wu),剪惡除(chu)兇,護(hu)國保(bao)邦(bang),功施(shi)社(she)稷(ji),溥(pu)降甘(gan)澤,普救(jiu)生民”,“哀憫世間一切眾生,或有(you)年災(zai)(zai)(zai)月厄,命運騫(qian)滯……,吾當速(su)譴行瘟使者,收瘟圣眾,即除(chu)罪簿,永滅(mie)惡根。”“世間若有(you)善(shan)男子(zi),善(shan)女人,廣積陰功,行諸方便,施(shi)財周急,愛老憐貧……”則“增延(yan)福壽,世代榮昌,子(zi)嗣綿永,世世不絕。”“城(cheng)隍尊神,顯化(hua)無邊(bian),禱雨則甘(gan)霖(lin)蘇槁,禾(he)稼成(cheng)(cheng)熟,祈晴(qing)(qing)則化(hua)陰成(cheng)(cheng)陽(yang),應(ying)時(shi)朗晴(qing)(qing)。”
地鐵:地鐵10號線“豫園路”站出,步行可達(da)。
公交:乘坐(zuo)221、264、544、夜32、12、24、36、42、66、182、190、219、1、7、10、222、夜1、夜8、夜12路公(gong)交車(che)在文德路站下車(che),步行即可到達。
每日: 8:30-16:30;全年無(wu)休
逢農歷初一,十五:6:00-16:30