大(da)(da)麥(mai)是禾(he)本(ben)(ben)科大(da)(da)麥(mai)屬一年生草本(ben)(ben)植(zhi)物,在全球范(fan)圍內(nei)廣泛(fan)栽種(zhong)。大(da)(da)麥(mai)成(cheng)熟(shu)果實經發芽(ya)干燥所形成(cheng)的(de)(de)炮制(zhi)加工(gong)品(pin)稱為(wei)麥(mai)芽(ya),是生產啤酒和威(wei)士忌的(de)(de)最佳原料,有青稞(ke)和藏(zang)青稞(ke)兩個變種(zhong),炒(chao)熟(shu)后研磨成(cheng)粉,制(zhi)成(cheng)中(zhong)國(guo)藏(zang)族人(ren)民的(de)(de)主(zhu)食品(pin)——糌粑。大(da)(da)麥(mai)不(bu)僅是重要的(de)(de)五谷(gu)(gu)雜糧,還有藥用(yong)(yong)價值,具有行氣(qi)(qi)消食、健脾(pi)開胃、回乳消脹的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。《本(ben)(ben)草綱目》中(zhong)記載(zai)大(da)(da)麥(mai)的(de)(de)性味為(wei):“咸(xian),溫、微寒,無毒。為(wei)五谷(gu)(gu)長,令(ling)人(ren)多熱(re)。”主(zhu)治“消渴除熱(re),益(yi)氣(qi)(qi)調(diao)中(zhong)。補虛(xu)劣,壯血脈,益(yi)顏(yan)色,實五臟(zang),化谷(gu)(gu)食,止泄,不(bu)動風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)。久食,令(ling)人(ren)肥白,滑肌膚。”