節(jie)能燈工作(zuo)原理 LED節(jie)能燈電路圖講解

一、節能燈工作原理

節能(neng)(neng)(neng)，在這個高(gao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗的(de)時代(dai)顯然是(shi)個當(dang)務之急，許多國家都把節能(neng)(neng)(neng)減排作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)工業(ye)建設和城市改造的(de)首要任務。那么作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)國家鼓勵使用的(de)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)燈(deng)，它有哪些結構(gou)組(zu)成呢？它的(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)原理又是(shi)什么呢？下面就讓小編為(wei)大家一一講解(jie)吧！

節(jie)能(neng)燈(deng)(deng)實(shi)際上就是一種緊湊(cou)型、自(zi)帶鎮流器的(de)日(ri)光(guang)燈(deng)(deng)，節(jie)能(neng)燈(deng)(deng)點燃(ran)時首先(xian)經過(guo)電(dian)子(zi)鎮流器給燈(deng)(deng)管燈(deng)(deng)絲加熱，燈(deng)(deng)絲開端(duan)發射(she)電(dian)子(zi)（由于在燈(deng)(deng)絲上涂了(le)一些電(dian)子(zi)粉(fen)），電(dian)子(zi)碰(peng)(peng)撞充裝(zhuang)在燈(deng)(deng)管內(nei)的(de)氬(ya)(ya)原子(zi)，氬(ya)(ya)原子(zi)碰(peng)(peng)撞后取(qu)得了(le)能(neng)量又撞擊內(nei)部的(de)汞原子(zi)，汞原子(zi)在吸收能(neng)量后躍遷產生電(dian)離，燈(deng)(deng)管內(nei)構成等(deng)離子(zi)態(tai)。

燈管兩端電(dian)壓直接經過(guo)等離子態導通并發出(chu)253.7nm 的(de)紫(zi)外線，紫(zi)外線激(ji)起(qi)熒光(guang)粉發光(guang)，由于熒光(guang)燈工作時燈絲(si)的(de)溫度約在(zai)1160K左右，比白熾燈工作的(de)溫度2200K-2700K低很多，所以(yi)它的(de)壽命也(ye)大進步，到(dao)達5000小時以(yi)上(shang)，由于它運用效率(lv)較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)電(dian)子鎮(zhen)流器，同(tong)時不(bu)存(cun)在(zai)白熾燈那樣(yang)的(de)電(dian)流熱效應，熒光(guang)粉的(de)能量轉換效率(lv)高(gao)，到(dao)達每瓦50流明以(yi)上(shang)，所以(yi)節約電(dian)能。

二、led節能燈電路圖

文介紹的LED節(jie)能(neng)燈電(dian)(dian)路圖利用220V電(dian)(dian)源供電(dian)(dian)，220V交換電(dian)(dian)經C1降壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)容降壓(ya)后，經全橋整流，再議(yi)決(jue)C2濾波后，經限流電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R3給串聯的80顆LED提供恒流電(dian)(dian)源(節(jie)能(neng)燈電(dian)(dian)路圖原理)

圖(tu) 1 led節能(neng)燈(deng)電路圖(tu)

圖1是(shi)(shi)一(yi)款貼(tie)片(pian)LED照明燈(deng)(deng)具(ju)的(de)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)圖，該燈(deng)(deng)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，220V交換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)經(jing)(jing)C1降壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)降壓(ya)(ya)后(hou)經(jing)(jing)全(quan)橋整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)再議(yi)決(jue)C2濾(lv)(lv)波(bo)(bo)后(hou)經(jing)(jing)限流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R3給串聯的(de)10顆(ke)貼(tie)片(pian)LED提供恒流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源。貼(tie)片(pian)LED的(de)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為20mA，但是(shi)(shi)我們(men)在(zai)制作節能(neng)燈(deng)(deng)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)要思(si)量許多方面的(de)因素對貼(tie)片(pian)LED的(de)影(ying)響，包羅光衰(shuai)(shuai)和(he)(he)發(fa)熱的(de)問(wen)題，LED的(de)溫(wen)度對光衰(shuai)(shuai)和(he)(he)壽命(ming)影(ying)響很(hen)大(da)，要是(shi)(shi)散(san)(san)熱不好很(hen)容(rong)(rong)易(yi)孕(yun)(yun)育產(chan)生(sheng)光衰(shuai)(shuai)，因為LED的(de)特性(xing)是(shi)(shi)溫(wen)度升(sheng)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)就會(hui)(hui)增大(da)，以是(shi)(shi)一(yi)樣平常在(zai)做大(da)功率(lv)照明時(shi)散(san)(san)熱的(de)問(wen)題是(shi)(shi)最緊張的(de)，將影(ying)響到LED的(de)穩固性(xing)，小(xiao)功率(lv)一(yi)樣平常都采取(qu)自散(san)(san)熱要領，以是(shi)(shi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)計(ji)劃時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)不宜過大(da)。圖中R1是(shi)(shi)掩護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，R2是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)C1的(de)卸放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)，R3是(shi)(shi)限流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)警備(bei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)升(sheng)高和(he)(he)溫(wen)度升(sheng)高LED的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)增大(da)，C2是(shi)(shi)濾(lv)(lv)波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，實際在(zai)LED電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中可以不用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)濾(lv)(lv)波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，C2是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)來(lai)警備(bei)開(kai)燈(deng)(deng)時(shi)的(de)打擊(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)對LED的(de)陵犯，開(kai)燈(deng)(deng)的(de)瞬間(jian)因為C1的(de)存在(zai)會(hui)(hui)有(you)一(yi)個很(hen)大(da)的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)過LED將會(hui)(hui)對LED孕(yun)(yun)育產(chan)生(sheng)損傷，有(you)了(le)C2的(de)介入，開(kai)燈(deng)(deng)的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)完全(quan)被(bei)C2汲取(qu)起(qi)到了(le)開(kai)燈(deng)(deng)防打擊(ji)掩護。該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)是(shi)(shi)小(xiao)功率(lv)燈(deng)(deng)杯(bei)(bei)最實用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，占用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)體積(ji)(ji)小(xiao)可以方便(bian)的(de)裝在(zai)空間(jian)較小(xiao)的(de)燈(deng)(deng)杯(bei)(bei)里，現在(zai)被(bei)燈(deng)(deng)杯(bei)(bei)產(chan)品普遍的(de)接(jie)納。好處：恒流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)源，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源功耗(hao)小(xiao)，體積(ji)(ji)小(xiao)，經(jing)(jing)濟實用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。但是(shi)(shi)在(zai)計(ji)劃時(shi)降壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)要接(jie)納耐壓(ya)(ya)在(zai)400V以上的(de)滌綸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)或(huo)CBB電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)，濾(lv)(lv)波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)要用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)耐壓(ya)(ya)250v以上。此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)得當驅動(dong)7-12只20mA的(de)貼(tie)片(pian)LED。