一、風電變流器一般分為哪幾種
風電(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)流器(qi)主(zhu)要功(gong)能是通(tong)過(guo)控制發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機的電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁轉(zhuan)矩,從(cong)而使(shi)風機處于最佳發電(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率狀態,同時將(jiang)風力發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機發出的頻率、幅值(zhi)不穩(wen)定的電(dian)(dian)(dian)能,轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)頻率、幅值(zhi)穩(wen)定的、符合電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)要求的電(dian)(dian)(dian)能后并入電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)。風電(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)流器(qi)的種(zhong)(zhong)類主(zhu)要有兩種(zhong)(zhong):
1、雙饋式風電變流器
雙(shuang)饋式變(bian)流器主要在(zai)風(feng)力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)中配套雙(shuang)饋發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機使用,當風(feng)速變(bian)化導致發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機轉速變(bian)化時(shi),變(bian)流器通過控制發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機轉子(zi)的勵磁(ci)來改變(bian)轉子(zi)的磁(ci)場,使發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機的輸出電(dian)(dian)壓、頻(pin)率、幅值和電(dian)(dian)網保持一致,從而實(shi)現風(feng)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的變(bian)速恒頻(pin)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)。
雙(shuang)饋(kui)型(xing)風機(ji)變(bian)流(liu)器的(de)作用(yong)就是為了生成這個頻率旋轉磁(ci)場(chang)而提供交(jiao)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)。在實際運轉過程(cheng)啟動(dong)后,風機(ji)發出(chu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)能將會通過變(bian)流(liu)器反饋(kui)給電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(約占風機(ji)總(zong)功(gong)率的(de)35~40%),此(ci)類型(xing)風機(ji)因之(zhi)稱為雙(shuang)饋(kui)型(xing)風機(ji)。
2、全功率式風電變流器
全功率式的(de)(de)風電(dian)變(bian)流器主(zhu)要配(pei)套直(zhi)驅/半直(zhi)驅發電(dian)機(ji)以及異(yi)步發電(dian)機(ji)使用,由機(ji)側(ce)變(bian)換器和網側(ce)變(bian)換器組(zu)成,兩者通過直(zhi)流母線連(lian)接,機(ji)側(ce)變(bian)換器實(shi)現電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)變(bian)頻調速,獲得最(zui)佳的(de)(de)發電(dian)效率,而(er)網側(ce)變(bian)換器接入電(dian)網,提供(gong)優質的(de)(de)電(dian)能輸出。
這種(zhong)風(feng)電(dian)(dian)變流(liu)器(qi)因發電(dian)(dian)機的全部(bu)電(dian)(dian)能都(dou)通過變流(liu)器(qi)傳(chuan)輸到(dao)電(dian)(dian)網側,因此稱為全功率(lv)式風(feng)電(dian)(dian)變流(liu)器(qi)。
二、風電變流器雙饋式的好還是全功率式的好
風(feng)電(dian)變(bian)流(liu)(liu)器主要(yao)有雙饋式(shi)和全功率式(shi)兩種(zhong)(zhong)類型,這兩種(zhong)(zhong)風(feng)電(dian)變(bian)流(liu)(liu)器有所差別,到底哪種(zhong)(zhong)更好呢?
1、雙饋式風電變流器的優缺點
雙饋發電系統中(zhong),風輪(lun)直接或通過升速齒輪(lun)箱與發電機主(zhu)軸連接,具(ju)備轉速調(diao)節(jie)范圍(wei)大、變流器所需(xu)容量小、成本低的優(you)勢,但劣(lie)勢是(shi)齒輪(lun)箱會帶來后期故(gu)障和(he)維護(hu)成本。
2、全功率式風電變流器的優缺點
全功率變(bian)流器具有(you)效率高、節省(sheng)齒(chi)輪箱的優勢,但其(qi)整(zheng)體(ti)體(ti)積大,且(qie)變(bian)流器容量大、成本(ben)貴(gui),使得目前全功率變(bian)流器成本(ben)比(bi)雙饋變(bian)流器要高(大概貴(gui)40%左(zuo)右)。
綜上所(suo)述,兩種風(feng)電(dian)(dian)變流器各(ge)有各(ge)的(de)優缺點,并(bing)不(bu)好(hao)說哪種更好(hao),如何選擇主要還是看風(feng)力發電(dian)(dian)機組(zu)的(de)需要。