一、防爆電器和非防爆電器的區別在哪里

很多人可能不知道防爆電器到底是什么，用在什么場所的，和普通的電器產品有什么區別？為了更好地讓大家明白防爆電器與(yu)普通(tong)電器的(de)區別，在這里給大家(jia)做個簡單的(de)比較(jiao)。

1、使用區域不同

防爆電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)是按照電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)防爆國(guo)家(jia)標準GB3836（氣(qi)(qi)(qi)體防爆）或GB12476（粉塵防爆）設計生產并通(tong)過防爆認證(zheng)取(qu)得防爆合格證(zheng)，可(ke)以用(yong)(yong)在危險(xian)區域和(he)安全(quan)(quan)區域；非(fei)防爆的只能在安全(quan)(quan)區域使用(yong)(yong)。

2、裝置不同

防爆電器和普通電器的區別是防(fang)爆電器有一個密(mi)封性(xing)的殼體。

該圖片由注冊用戶"淺嘗不止—"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、防爆電器的設計特點有哪些

1、外殼的設計

便攜式(shi)、本質(zhi)安全型(xing)儀(yi)器儀(yi)表的外(wai)殼(ke)有(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)采用(yong)塑(su)(su)料外(wai)殼(ke)，有(you)(you)時(shi)(shi)采用(yong)金屬外(wai)殼(ke)。當(dang)選用(yong)塑(su)(su)料外(wai)殼(ke)時(shi)(shi)，為保證塑(su)(su)料外(wai)殼(ke)正(zheng)常工(gong)作時(shi)(shi)不積聚危險靜電，其表面電阻不得超(chao)過1×109Ω。塑(su)(su)料外(wai)殼(ke)應(ying)經(jing)過抗沖擊試驗和熱穩定試驗。

正常運行(xing)產生火(huo)花、電(dian)弧或(huo)危險溫度的(de)(de)電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)、功(gong)率大于(yu)250W或(huo)電(dian)流大于(yu)5A的(de)(de)Ⅰ類(lei)電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)，均須(xu)采用(yong)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)盒與(yu)設(she)備(bei)主體(ti)進行(xing)電(dian)氣(qi)連接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)盒就是(shi)專(zhuan)供電(dian)纜或(huo)導(dao)線(xian)與(yu)電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)進行(xing)連接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)部件(jian)。Ⅰ類(lei)隔(ge)爆型電(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備(bei)廣泛使用(yong)的(de)(de)是(shi)隔(ge)爆型接(jie)(jie)線(xian)。盒接(jie)(jie)線(xian)盒內壁應(ying)涂耐弧漆，接(jie)(jie)線(xian)盒及主體(ti)腔上的(de)(de)隔(ge)爆接(jie)(jie)合面應(ying)做防銹處理，如涂防銹油等(deng)。

另外(wai)，對于(yu)防爆電器，要在其(qi)外(wai)殼的明(ming)顯(xian)處(chu)有(you)永久性的Ex防爆總標(biao)志(zhi)及MA安全標(biao)志(zhi)。

針對某些(xie)地方(fang)煤礦井(jing)下(xia)存在(zai)的(de)電機違章操作現(xian)象，我們研制了QF40型小(xiao)型防爆(bao)起(qi)動器(qi)，其(qi)額(e)定(ding)(ding)電壓380V，額(e)定(ding)(ding)電流(liu)40A。外殼(ke)設計分為(wei)主(zhu)體腔(qiang)與接(jie)線腔(qiang)。外殼(ke)為(wei)3mm厚鋼(gang)板(ban)。隔爆(bao)接(jie)合面(mian)的(de)尺(chi)寸及加工精度(du)符合GB3836.2規定(ding)(ding)。外殼(ke)外形尺(chi)寸為(wei)437mm×308mm，外殼(ke)防護等級為(wei)IP54。在(zai)外殼(ke)的(de)正前方(fang)設有(you)銘(ming)牌(pai)，銘(ming)牌(pai)右(you)上(shang)角(jiao)設有(you)Ex標(biao)志，防爆(bao)標(biao)志dⅠ（150℃），此外，銘(ming)牌(pai)上(shang)還標(biao)有(you)名稱、型號、額(e)定(ding)(ding)電壓、額(e)定(ding)(ding)電流(liu)、防爆(bao)合格證編號、安全(quan)標(biao)志、出廠編號、制造日期等。

2、電路的設計

首先(xian)，電(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)設計(ji)要完成電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣功能，保證電(dian)(dian)氣原(yuan)理(li)的(de)(de)正確性(xing)。其次，防(fang)爆(bao)電(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)氣間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)、爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)距(ju)(ju)離、絕緣參數必須(xu)符合GB3836的(de)(de)規定(ding)要求。例如，研制QF40型(xing)防(fang)爆(bao)起動器時，將(jiang)接線柱的(de)(de)爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)距(ju)(ju)離設計(ji)為不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)16mm，電(dian)(dian)氣間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)10mm。隔(ge)爆(bao)腔內(nei)電(dian)(dian)器元件及裝配布置爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)距(ju)(ju)離不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)16mm，電(dian)(dian)氣間(jian)隙(xi)(xi)不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)10mm。隔(ge)爆(bao)接線腔內(nei)設有內(nei)接地螺(luo)(luo)栓。外(wai)殼設有外(wai)接地螺(luo)(luo)栓。

研(yan)制的(de)本質安全型(xing)鋼(gang)弦頻率計在正常(chang)工作和(he)故障狀態下(xia)的(de)最大(da)(da)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)流和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓均(jun)不(bu)大(da)(da)于所設計的(de)最大(da)(da)允許電(dian)(dian)(dian)流：它(ta)的(de)爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)距離為(wei)3mm，絕緣涂(tu)層下(xia)的(de)爬(pa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)距離為(wei)1mm，電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣間隙為(wei)3mm。

3、電源的設計

本質安全(quan)型便攜式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備最常用的(de)獨立(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)是干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)都屬于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，可按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻性(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)最小點燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)曲(qu)線確定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)安全(quan)參數。按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)最高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓查出(chu)相應(ying)(ying)最小點燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，再除以安全(quan)系數值（為(wei)2），即為(wei)該(gai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)設計允許最大安全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)最嚴重(zhong)的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)直接短路(lu)(lu)(lu)。因(yin)此，應(ying)(ying)以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)最大短路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)作(zuo)為(wei)衡量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)本質安全(quan)性(xing)能的(de)基準。若(ruo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)最大短路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)大于(yu)設計允許值，必(bi)須(xu)串加(jia)限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。并且，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)或蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)與限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻膠封(feng)為(wei)一體，構成(cheng)本質安全(quan)型組件(jian)。膠封(feng)材料有環氧樹脂、硅橡膠、工業石蠟等。

例如，我(wo)們在(zai)設計(ji)鋼(gang)弦(xian)頻率計(ji)時特制的本安電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組，由4節5#充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)串接而成，并(bing)串入一個(ge)用康銅(tong)絲自制的限流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，其功(gong)率為5.2W。并(bing)用環氧樹脂膠液充(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)盒(he)整個(ge)空間，灌封牢(lao)固(gu)。

煤礦井下(xia)實際(ji)應(ying)用的本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)安全型(xing)電(dian)氣設備(bei)，還有許多(duo)采用從動力(li)電(dian)網(wang)引入(ru)經整流供電(dian)電(dian)源。由(you)于輸入(ru)電(dian)路與動力(li)電(dian)網(wang)關聯，所以，要(yao)設計成隔爆兼(jian)本(ben)(ben)質(zhi)安全型(xing)。

對于(yu)隔爆型電(dian)器的電(dian)源，是在(zai)上級(ji)斷(duan)電(dian)時(shi)，在(zai)隔爆接線盒內接線，完成電(dian)器電(dian)源的連(lian)通工作(zuo)。