什么是仲裁庭

1、仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是指由(you)當事人(ren)選定或者仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會主任指定的(de)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員組(zu)成的(de)，對當事人(ren)申請仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案件(jian)依仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)程序進行(xing)審(shen)理并作出裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)的(de)組(zu)織形式。按(an)照《仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)法(fa)》的(de)規定，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會受理仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案件(jian)后，應按(an)程序組(zu)成仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭對案件(jian)進行(xing)審(shen)理和裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)。因此(ci)，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是行(xing)使仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)權的(de)主體。

2、在中國，根據仲裁法規規定，仲裁庭分為兩(liang)種：

（1）獨任仲裁(cai)庭，由一名仲裁(cai)員(yuan)承擔爭議案件的(de)仲裁(cai)任務。

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（2）合議(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)(ting)，由雙(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)各(ge)自選(xuan)定一名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，第三(san)名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)由雙(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)選(xuan)定或(huo)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)委(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)指定。第三(san)名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)首席(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)。三(san)人(ren)(ren)組成仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)(ting)，承擔(dan)爭議(yi)案(an)件(jian)的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)任務(wu)；或(huo)者由雙(shuang)方(fang)當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)選(xuan)定首席(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，由首席(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)選(xuan)定二名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，擔(dan)負爭議(yi)案(an)件(jian)的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)任務(wu)。合議(yi)庭(ting)(ting)實(shi)行民主集(ji)中(zhong)制，少數服(fu)從多(duo)數的(de)(de)原則，故合議(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)(ting)的(de)(de)組成人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應當(dang)是(shi)單數。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)(ting)審(shen)理案(an)件(jian)應當(dang)公開進行，經審(shen)理作出的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)裁(cai)決，應當(dang)庭(ting)(ting)向當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)宣讀，向當(dang)事人(ren)(ren)送達仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)決書。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)(ting)完(wan)成一案(an)的(de)(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)任務(wu)后即解散。

仲裁庭的組成

仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)由仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)組成，仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)是(shi)根據當事人的(de)(de)(de)意愿而定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)，決定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)方(fang)式是(shi)當事人的(de)(de)(de)一項權利。仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)產生(sheng)(sheng)主要(yao)有以(yi)下(xia)方(fang)式：

(一)當事人約(yue)定(ding)了仲裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)的(de)組成(cheng)方(fang)式，此(ci)時有兩(liang)種情況(kuang)。第(di)一(yi)種情況(kuang)是當事人約(yue)定(ding)由三名仲裁(cai)(cai)員組成(cheng)仲裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)，仲裁(cai)(cai)員的(de)產生方(fang)式有兩(liang)種：

（1）是由(you)雙方當事人(ren)各自(zi)選(xuan)定(ding)一(yi)名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)或(huo)者(zhe)各自(zi)委托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會(hui)主任指定(ding)一(yi)名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)，第三(san)名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)由(you)雙方當事人(ren)共同選(xuan)定(ding)；二是由(you)雙方當事人(ren)各自(zi)選(xuan)定(ding)一(yi)名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)，或(huo)者(zhe)各自(zi)委托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會(hui)主任指定(ding)一(yi)名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)，第三(san)名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)由(you)當事人(ren)共同委托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)會(hui)的主任指定(ding)。這(zhe)兩種類型中，第三(san)名(ming)(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)是首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)。

（2）第(di)二種情況是當事(shi)人(ren)約定由(you)一名仲裁員成(cheng)立仲裁庭的，應當由(you)當事(shi)人(ren)共同(tong)選(xuan)定或者委(wei)托仲裁委(wei)員會主任指定仲裁員。

(二) 當事人沒有在(zai)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)規(gui)(gui)則規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)期限(xian)內約(yue)定(ding)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭的(de)組(zu)成方(fang)式(shi)(shi)，由仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)主(zhu)任決定(ding)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭的(de)組(zu)成方(fang)式(shi)(shi)；當事人雖然在(zai)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)規(gui)(gui)則規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)期限(xian)內約(yue)定(ding)了仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭的(de)組(zu)成方(fang)式(shi)(shi)但(dan)沒有選定(ding)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)，由仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)的(de)主(zhu)任指定(ding)仲裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一、仲(zhong)裁(cai)委員會(hui)應當在仲(zhong)裁(cai)規則規定的(de)期限內將開庭日期通知雙方當事人

二(er)、開庭(ting)仲裁，由首席(xi)仲裁員(yuan)或者(zhe)獨(du)任仲裁員(yuan)宣布開庭(ting)

隨后，首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)或者(zhe)獨任仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)核對當事人，宣布(bu)案(an)由，宣布(bu)仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭組成人員(yuan)和記錄人員(yuan)名單(dan)，告(gao)知當事人有(you)關的(de)仲(zhong)裁(cai)權(quan)利義務，詢問當事人是(shi)否提出回避申請。

三、開庭調查

(1)當事人陳述；

(2)告知證人的權利義務(wu)，證人作證，宣讀未到(dao)庭的證人證言；

(3)出示書證、物證和視聽資料；

(4)宣讀(du)勘驗筆(bi)錄(lu)、現場筆(bi)錄(lu)；

(5)宣讀鑒(jian)定結(jie)論；

四、舉證、質證、當事人辯論；

五、調解，裁決(jue)。