一、雙向土工格柵的施工要點有哪些
1、土工織物表面(mian)不應有損傷和嚴(yan)重變形。
2、鋪設(she)時(shi)不得拉(la)得太緊,一般每米長度(du)(du)的寬度(du)(du)以1、5~2cm為宜;如(ru)果鋪筑高度(du)(du)較(jiao)高或較(jiao)大(da)時(shi),要按設(she)計要求設(she)置搭(da)接長度(du)(du)。
3、土(tu)工(gong)布上應(ying)有產(chan)品商標等標志以及(ji)生(sheng)產(chan)廠的名稱和地址。
4、請求壓實平坦施工場所、施工工地有必要呈水平狀、清除尖刺突起物。當土工格柵鋪(pu)設定(ding)(ding)位(wei)后,應(ying)及時(shi)(shi)(shi)填土(tu)掩蓋,裸露時(shi)(shi)(shi)刻不(bu)得超48小時(shi)(shi)(shi),亦可采納(na)邊(bian)鋪(pu)設邊(bian)回填的流水作業法。先(xian)在兩端攤鋪(pu)填料,將格柵固(gu)定(ding)(ding),再向中部推進。碾壓的次序是先(xian)兩側后中心。碾壓時(shi)(shi)(shi)壓輪不(bu)能直接與(yu)筋(jin)材觸(chu)摸,未壓實的加筋(jin)體通(tong)常不(bu)允許車輛在上面(mian)行駛,以免筋(jin)材錯位(wei)。分層(ceng)壓實度為20-30cm。壓實度有必(bi)要到達規劃請求,這也是加筋(jin)土(tu)工(gong)程(cheng)的勝敗關鍵。鋪(pu)設好(hao)的土(tu)工(gong)合成材料應(ying)平(ping)整、牢固(gu),與(yu)瀝青粘(zhan)結良好(hao)。
5、在(zai)儲存、運輸及工(gong)(gong)地(di)堆放過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)應避免受(shou)到(dao)劇(ju)烈沖(chong)擊(ji)和重壓(ya)等損(sun)壞。在(zai)平(ping)坦(tan)壓(ya)實的場(chang)所上(shang),裝置鋪設(she)的堵截(jie)土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)柵其主要(yao)(yao)受(shou)力方向(xiang)(縱向(xiang))應垂直(zhi)于路堤軸線(xian)方向(xiang),鋪設(she)要(yao)(yao)平(ping)坦(tan),無皺(zhou)折,盡量(liang)張緊。用插釘及土(tu)(tu)石(shi)壓(ya)重固定,鋪設(she)的土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)柵主要(yao)(yao)受(shou)力方向(xiang)是通長無接(jie)頭,幅與(yu)幅之間的連接(jie)能夠人工(gong)(gong)綁扎搭接(jie),搭接(jie)寬度(du)不小于10cm。如設(she)置的土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)柵在(zai)兩層(ceng)以(yi)上(shang),層(ceng)與(yu)層(ceng)之間應錯縫。大面積鋪設(she)后,要(yao)(yao)全體調整其平(ping)直(zhi)度(du)。當填(tian)蓋一層(ceng)土(tu)(tu)后,未碾壓(ya)前,應再(zai)次用人工(gong)(gong)或機(ji)具張緊格(ge)(ge)柵,力度(du)要(yao)(yao)均勻(yun),使土(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)(ge)柵在(zai)土(tu)(tu)中(zhong)為繃直(zhi)受(shou)力狀態。
6、在加筋土工(gong)程中,一定(ding)要(yao)作好墻(qiang)體表里的排水(shui)處理;要(yao)做好護腳,防(fang)沖(chong)刷;在土體內要(yao)設置濾、排水(shui)措(cuo)施,必要(yao)時,應設置土工(gong)布(bu)、透水(shui)管(或盲(mang)溝)。采(cai)納引導的方法排水(shui),不(bu)能阻塞(sai),不(bu)然(ran)發(fa)生危險。
二、雙向土工格柵的施工工藝介紹
1、首先精確(que)放出路基邊坡線(xian),為了保(bao)證路基寬(kuan)度,每側各加寬(kuan)0.5m,把晾曬好的基底土(tu)進行整平(ping)后用12T振動壓路機、25T以上(shang)輪胎壓路機或2.5T的夯(hang)錘夯(hang)實,不平(ping)整的地方人(ren)工配合整平(ping)(不進行薄層貼補找平(ping))。
2、鋪(pu)墊0.3m厚的中(粗)砂(sha),人工配合機械整平后,25T的振動壓(ya)路機靜(jing)壓(ya)兩遍。
3、鋪設土工(gong)(gong)格柵,土工(gong)(gong)格柵鋪設時底面(mian)應(ying)平(ping)整、密(mi)實,一(yi)般應(ying)平(ping)鋪,拉直(zhi),不(bu)得卷曲、扭結,相鄰的兩幅土工(gong)(gong)格柵需搭(da)接(jie)0.2m,并(bing)沿(yan)路基(ji)橫向對土工(gong)(gong)格柵搭(da)接(jie)部分每(mei)隔1米(mi)用(yong)8號鐵絲進(jin)行穿插連接(jie),并(bing)在(zai)鋪設的格柵上,每(mei)隔1.5-2m用(yong)U型釘固定于地面(mian)。
4、第(di)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵鋪好后(hou),開始填設(she)第(di)二層(ceng)(ceng)0.2m厚(hou)的(de)中(zhong)(粗)砂(sha),其(qi)方法:汽車(che)運砂(sha)到工(gong)(gong)地(di)卸于路(lu)基一(yi)側(ce)(ce),而后(hou)用(yong)推(tui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)機(ji)(ji)向前趕(gan)推(tui),先(xian)把路(lu)基兩側(ce)(ce)2米范圍內填筑(zhu)0.1m后(hou),把第(di)一(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵折翻上(shang)(shang)來(lai)再填上(shang)(shang)0.1m的(de)中(zhong)(粗)砂(sha),禁止(zhi)兩側(ce)(ce)向中(zhong)間填筑(zhu)和推(tui)進,禁止(zhi)各種機(ji)(ji)械在(zai)沒有填筑(zhu)中(zhong)(粗)砂(sha)的(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵上(shang)(shang)通行作業,這(zhe)樣能保證土(tu)(tu)(tu)工(gong)(gong)格(ge)柵平整,不(bu)起(qi)鼓,不(bu)起(qi)皺,待第(di)二層(ceng)(ceng)中(zhong)(粗)砂(sha)平整后(hou),要進行水平測量(liang),防止(zhi)填筑(zhu)厚(hou)度(du)不(bu)均勻,待抄平無誤后(hou)用(yong)25T振動壓(ya)路(lu)機(ji)(ji)靜壓(ya)兩遍(bian)。
5、第(di)二層(ceng)土工格柵(zha)施工方(fang)法同(tong)第(di)一(yi)層(ceng)方(fang)法一(yi)樣(yang),最(zui)后(hou)再填筑0.3m的(de)中(粗(cu))砂(sha),填筑方(fang)法同(tong)第(di)一(yi)層(ceng)一(yi)樣(yang),用25T壓(ya)路機靜壓(ya)兩遍后(hou),這樣(yang)路基基底加固(gu)就處理完畢(bi)。
6、在第三層(ceng)(ceng)中(zhong)(粗)砂碾壓好(hao)后,沿線路縱向在邊(bian)坡(po)兩側各(ge)鋪設土(tu)(tu)工(gong)格(ge)柵兩幅,搭接(jie)0.16m,并用(yong)同樣方(fang)法連接(jie)好(hao),然(ran)后開始(shi)土(tu)(tu)方(fang)施(shi)工(gong)作業,鋪設土(tu)(tu)工(gong)格(ge)柵進行(xing)邊(bian)坡(po)防護,必須每層(ceng)(ceng)測量出鋪設的邊(bian)線,每側要保證邊(bian)坡(po)整修(xiu)后土(tu)(tu)工(gong)格(ge)柵埋于(yu)邊(bian)坡(po)內0.10m。
7、邊(bian)坡(po)土工格柵每填筑兩層土,即厚度0.8m時就需兩側同時鋪設一層土工格柵,然后以此類推,直至鋪到(dao)路(lu)肩(jian)表面土下。
8、路基(ji)填筑好(hao)后(hou),及時(shi)進行邊坡(po)整修,并進行坡(po)腳(jiao)的干(gan)砌片石防(fang)護,對(dui)該段路基(ji)除每側加寬0.3m外,并預留1.5%的沉降量。