一、天平秤的原理是什么
天平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用來稱量(liang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)體(ti)重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)衡(heng)器(qi)(qi)(qi),它(ta)有(you)兩(liang)種原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li):1、機械(xie)式天平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li):機械(xie)式天平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)常說的(de)(de)(de)托盤天平(ping)(ping)(ping),它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)工作原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)主要利用的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)杠(gang)(gang)(gang)桿原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li),確切來說,托盤天平(ping)(ping)(ping)利用的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)臂(bei)杠(gang)(gang)(gang)桿平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li),天平(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)橫梁就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)個杠(gang)(gang)(gang)桿,在(zai)杠(gang)(gang)(gang)桿的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)(duan)各有(you)一(yi)小盤,左端(duan)(duan)(duan)放(fang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)體(ti)、右端(duan)(duan)(duan)放(fang)砝碼,杠(gang)(gang)(gang)桿中央裝有(you)指針,兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)(duan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)時(shi),兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang))相等(deng),根據(ju)砝碼的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)即(ji)(ji)可得知物(wu)(wu)(wu)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)。2、電(dian)(dian)子天平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li):電(dian)(dian)子天平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li)和托盤天平(ping)(ping)(ping)不同,它(ta)利用的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)磁力(li)補償平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)原(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)(li),實質也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種杠(gang)(gang)(gang)桿平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng),只是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)杠(gang)(gang)(gang)桿的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)采(cai)用了電(dian)(dian)磁力(li),當稱盤上(shang)加(jia)載稱物(wu)(wu)(wu)m2時(shi),杠(gang)(gang)(gang)桿偏離零(ling)位,此時(shi)零(ling)位指示器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)偏差信號(hao)產生,經過放(fang)大(da)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和調(diao)節器(qi)(qi)(qi)等(deng)一(yi)系列(lie)轉換后,使線圈的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流I增大(da),電(dian)(dian)磁力(li)矩(ju)右也將一(yi)起增大(da),杠(gang)(gang)(gang)桿回到原(yuan)(yuan)來平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)位置,即(ji)(ji)天平(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)位,最(zui)后把電(dian)(dian)信號(hao)處理(li)(li)(li)成為(wei)數(shu)字(zi)信號(hao),數(shu)顯(xian)在(zai)顯(xian)示屏上(shang)。
二、天平秤的作用
天(tian)平秤是用(yong)來測量物體重量的衡器,它的主(zhu)要作用(yong)就是稱一(yi)些小計量物品,一(yi)般(ban)用(yong)于科研機(ji)構、學校實驗(yan)室、藥店等場所,根(gen)據不(bu)同的精度可分(fen)為普通(tong)天(tian)平、精密天(tian)平和分(fen)析天(tian)平;除此之外,一(yi)些計量部(bu)(bu)門(men)、商檢(jian)(jian)部(bu)(bu)門(men)也會用(yong)天(tian)平秤來檢(jian)(jian)查或校準砝碼,這種稱為檢(jian)(jian)定(ding)天(tian)平。
三、天平秤怎么使用
1、機械天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)方(fang)(fang)法:(1)將托盤(pan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang)(fang),游(you)碼(ma)指向(xiang)紅色0刻度線。(2)調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡螺母(mu)(天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)兩端的(de)(de)(de)螺母(mu))調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie)零點直至(zhi)(zhi)指針(zhen)(zhen)對準(zhun)中央刻度線直至(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)橫(heng)梁水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)位置(zhi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡。(小(xiao)口訣:放(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)移零調(diao)(diao)(diao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡,螺母(mu)調(diao)(diao)(diao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)反指針(zhen)(zhen)/走高(gao)端。)(3)左托盤(pan)放(fang)(fang)稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)物,右托盤(pan)放(fang)(fang)砝碼(ma)。根據稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)物的(de)(de)(de)性狀,放(fang)(fang)在(zai)(zai)玻璃(li)器(qi)(qi)皿(min)或潔凈(jing)的(de)(de)(de)紙(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang),事先應在(zai)(zai)同一天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)上(shang)(shang)(shang)稱(cheng)(cheng)得玻璃(li)器(qi)(qi)皿(min)或紙(zhi)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang),然后稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)待稱(cheng)(cheng)物質(zhi)。(4)砝碼(ma)用(yong)鑷子(zi)夾(jia)取(qu),千萬不(bu)能把砝碼(ma)弄(nong)濕、弄(nong)臟(這樣(yang)會(hui)讓砝碼(ma)生銹(xiu),砝碼(ma)質(zhi)量(liang)變大(da),測量(liang)結果不(bu)準(zhun)確),游(you)碼(ma)也要(yao)用(yong)鑷子(zi)撥動。(5)添加(jia)(jia)砝碼(ma)從(cong)估(gu)計稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)物的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)值(zhi)加(jia)(jia)起,逐步減(jian)小(xiao)。托盤(pan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)只能稱(cheng)(cheng)準(zhun)到(dao)0.1克(ke)。加(jia)(jia)減(jian)砝碼(ma)并移動標(biao)尺(chi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)游(you)碼(ma),直至(zhi)(zhi)指針(zhen)(zhen)再(zai)次對準(zhun)中央刻度線。(小(xiao)口訣:先估(gu)后測,左物右碼(ma),由大(da)到(dao)小(xiao),后移游(you)碼(ma))(6)過(guo)(guo)(guo)冷(leng)過(guo)(guo)(guo)熱(re)的(de)(de)(de)物體不(bu)可放(fang)(fang)在(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)上(shang)(shang)(shang)稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang),應先在(zai)(zai)干(gan)燥(zao)器(qi)(qi)內放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)至(zhi)(zhi)室溫(wen)后再(zai)稱(cheng)(cheng)。(7)物體的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)=砝碼(ma)的(de)(de)(de)總質(zhi)量(liang)+游(you)碼(ma)在(zai)(zai)標(biao)尺(chi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)所對的(de)(de)(de)刻度值(zhi)。(M左=M右+M游(you))2、電(dian)(dian)子(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)方(fang)(fang)法:(1)調(diao)(diao)(diao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping):多(duo)種天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)開(kai)機前,應觀察天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)后部水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)儀內的(de)(de)(de)水泡(pao)是否(fou)位于圓環的(de)(de)(de)中央,否(fou)則通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)腳螺栓調(diao)(diao)(diao)節(jie),左旋(xuan)升高(gao),右旋(xuan)下(xia)降。(2)預(yu)熱(re):天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)在(zai)(zai)初次接通(tong)電(dian)(dian)源或長時(shi)間斷電(dian)(dian)后開(kai)機時(shi),至(zhi)(zhi)少(shao)需要(yao)30分鐘的(de)(de)(de)預(yu)熱(re)時(shi)間。因此,實驗室電(dian)(dian)子(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)在(zai)(zai)通(tong)常情(qing)況下(xia),不(bu)要(yao)經(jing)常切斷電(dian)(dian)源。(3)稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang):按下(xia)ON/OFF鍵,接通(tong)顯示(shi)器(qi)(qi),等(deng)待儀器(qi)(qi)自(zi)檢(jian)。當(dang)顯示(shi)器(qi)(qi)顯示(shi)零時(shi),自(zi)檢(jian)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)結束(shu),天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)可進行稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang);放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)紙(zhi),按顯示(shi)屏兩側的(de)(de)(de)Tare鍵去皮,待顯示(shi)器(qi)(qi)顯示(shi)零時(shi),在(zai)(zai)稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)紙(zhi)加(jia)(jia)所要(yao)稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)試劑稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)。稱(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)完畢,按ON/OFF鍵,關斷顯示(shi)器(qi)(qi)。
四、電子天平多少錢一臺
電子天平是新型的天平秤,是工業制造業和化學實驗室常用稱量儀器之一,具有稱量快捷、使用方便等諸多優點,它有分析天平、精密天平、普通天平等不同精度等級的產品,價格也有所不同,一般根據不同的量程、品牌、功能等方面,價格從一兩百元一臺到兩三萬元一臺不等。購買天平秤的時候,要注意根據測量需求選擇合適精度的產品,并注意看電子天平秤的做工、配件和性能等方面,選擇優質的天平秤品牌產品。
選購天平秤時千(qian)萬不要因為價(jia)格便(bian)宜,而(er)盲目跟從購買,選擇(ze)比(bi)較有(you)知名(ming)度的(de)品牌(pai),不僅品質有(you)保證,售(shou)后服(fu)務也有(you)保障。當然(ran)追求品牌(pai)的(de)東西不一定就(jiu)是追求價(jia)格的(de)昂(ang)貴(gui),不同(tong)的(de)經濟(ji)水平我們可以選擇(ze)不同(tong)價(jia)位的(de)名(ming)牌(pai)產(chan)品。選擇(ze)網購商品的(de)朋友要認準品牌(pai)的(de)旗艦店(dian)鋪(pu),這樣(yang)子才能做到萬無一失。