一、天平秤的原理是什么
天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)來稱量(liang)(liang)(liang)物體(ti)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)衡器,它有(you)(you)兩種原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li):1、機(ji)械式天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li):機(ji)械式天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)就是(shi)(shi)常說(shuo)的(de)(de)托盤(pan)(pan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping),它的(de)(de)工作(zuo)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)主(zhu)要利用(yong)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)杠桿(gan)(gan)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li),確切來說(shuo),托盤(pan)(pan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)利用(yong)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)等(deng)(deng)臂杠桿(gan)(gan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li),天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)橫梁就是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個杠桿(gan)(gan),在(zai)(zai)杠桿(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)兩端(duan)(duan)各有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)小盤(pan)(pan),左端(duan)(duan)放物體(ti)、右端(duan)(duan)放砝碼(ma),杠桿(gan)(gan)中央裝有(you)(you)指針(zhen),兩端(duan)(duan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡時(shi),兩端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(重量(liang)(liang)(liang))相(xiang)等(deng)(deng),根(gen)據砝碼(ma)的(de)(de)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)即可得知(zhi)物體(ti)的(de)(de)重量(liang)(liang)(liang)。2、電子天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li):電子天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li)和(he)托盤(pan)(pan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)不(bu)同,它利用(yong)的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)電磁力(li)(li)補償平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)理(li)(li),實(shi)質也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種杠桿(gan)(gan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡,只是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)杠桿(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)采用(yong)了電磁力(li)(li),當稱盤(pan)(pan)上(shang)加載稱物m2時(shi),杠桿(gan)(gan)偏離零(ling)位(wei)(wei),此時(shi)零(ling)位(wei)(wei)指示器有(you)(you)偏差(cha)信號(hao)(hao)產生,經過放大器和(he)調節(jie)器等(deng)(deng)一(yi)(yi)系列(lie)轉換后,使線圈(quan)的(de)(de)電流I增(zeng)大,電磁力(li)(li)矩(ju)右也(ye)(ye)將(jiang)一(yi)(yi)起增(zeng)大,杠桿(gan)(gan)回到原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)來平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡位(wei)(wei)置(zhi),即天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)零(ling)位(wei)(wei),最后把電信號(hao)(hao)處(chu)理(li)(li)成為(wei)數字信號(hao)(hao),數顯在(zai)(zai)顯示屏(ping)上(shang)。
二、天平秤的作用
天平(ping)秤是用來(lai)測量(liang)物體重量(liang)的衡器,它的主要作用就(jiu)是稱一些小計量(liang)物品,一般用于科研(yan)機(ji)構、學校實(shi)驗室(shi)、藥店(dian)等(deng)場所(suo),根據不同的精(jing)度可分為普(pu)通(tong)天平(ping)、精(jing)密(mi)天平(ping)和分析天平(ping);除此之外(wai),一些計量(liang)部門(men)、商檢部門(men)也會用天平(ping)秤來(lai)檢查或校準(zhun)砝碼(ma),這(zhe)種稱為檢定天平(ping)。
三、天平秤怎么使用
1、機(ji)械天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)方法(fa)(fa):(1)將托盤天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)地方,游(you)碼(ma)(ma)指(zhi)(zhi)向紅色0刻度線。(2)調(diao)(diao)節(jie)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡螺(luo)(luo)母(天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)兩(liang)端的(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)母)調(diao)(diao)節(jie)零點(dian)直至(zhi)指(zhi)(zhi)針(zhen)對準(zhun)(zhun)中(zhong)央(yang)刻度線直至(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)橫梁水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)位(wei)置(zhi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡。(小(xiao)(xiao)口訣:放(fang)(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)移零調(diao)(diao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡,螺(luo)(luo)母調(diao)(diao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)反指(zhi)(zhi)針(zhen)/走高端。)(3)左(zuo)托盤放(fang)(fang)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)物(wu),右(you)托盤放(fang)(fang)砝(fa)(fa)碼(ma)(ma)。根(gen)據稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)物(wu)的(de)(de)性狀,放(fang)(fang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)玻(bo)璃(li)器(qi)(qi)皿或潔(jie)凈(jing)的(de)(de)紙上(shang)(shang)(shang),事先應在(zai)(zai)(zai)同(tong)一天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)上(shang)(shang)(shang)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)得玻(bo)璃(li)器(qi)(qi)皿或紙片的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang),然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)待稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)物(wu)質(zhi)。(4)砝(fa)(fa)碼(ma)(ma)用(yong)(yong)鑷子(zi)夾(jia)取,千萬不(bu)能把砝(fa)(fa)碼(ma)(ma)弄濕、弄臟(這樣會讓(rang)砝(fa)(fa)碼(ma)(ma)生銹,砝(fa)(fa)碼(ma)(ma)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)變大,測量(liang)(liang)(liang)結果不(bu)準(zhun)(zhun)確),游(you)碼(ma)(ma)也要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)鑷子(zi)撥動。(5)添加(jia)(jia)(jia)砝(fa)(fa)碼(ma)(ma)從估計稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)物(wu)的(de)(de)最大值(zhi)加(jia)(jia)(jia)起,逐步減小(xiao)(xiao)。托盤天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)只能稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)準(zhun)(zhun)到(dao)0.1克。加(jia)(jia)(jia)減砝(fa)(fa)碼(ma)(ma)并移動標尺(chi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)游(you)碼(ma)(ma),直至(zhi)指(zhi)(zhi)針(zhen)再次對準(zhun)(zhun)中(zhong)央(yang)刻度線。(小(xiao)(xiao)口訣:先估后(hou)(hou)(hou)測,左(zuo)物(wu)右(you)碼(ma)(ma),由大到(dao)小(xiao)(xiao),后(hou)(hou)(hou)移游(you)碼(ma)(ma))(6)過(guo)(guo)冷過(guo)(guo)熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)物(wu)體(ti)不(bu)可(ke)放(fang)(fang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)上(shang)(shang)(shang)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang),應先在(zai)(zai)(zai)干燥器(qi)(qi)內放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)至(zhi)室(shi)溫后(hou)(hou)(hou)再稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。(7)物(wu)體(ti)的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)=砝(fa)(fa)碼(ma)(ma)的(de)(de)總質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)+游(you)碼(ma)(ma)在(zai)(zai)(zai)標尺(chi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)所(suo)(suo)對的(de)(de)刻度值(zhi)。(M左(zuo)=M右(you)+M游(you))2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)方法(fa)(fa):(1)調(diao)(diao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping):多種(zhong)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)開(kai)機(ji)前,應觀察天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)后(hou)(hou)(hou)部水平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)儀內的(de)(de)水泡是否位(wei)于圓環(huan)的(de)(de)中(zhong)央(yang),否則通過(guo)(guo)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)地腳(jiao)螺(luo)(luo)栓調(diao)(diao)節(jie),左(zuo)旋升高,右(you)旋下(xia)降。(2)預(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re):天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)在(zai)(zai)(zai)初(chu)次接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)或長時間斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)開(kai)機(ji)時,至(zhi)少需要(yao)(yao)30分鐘(zhong)的(de)(de)預(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)時間。因此,實驗室(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)在(zai)(zai)(zai)通常(chang)(chang)情況(kuang)下(xia),不(bu)要(yao)(yao)經常(chang)(chang)切斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。(3)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang):按(an)下(xia)ON/OFF鍵(jian)(jian),接通顯(xian)示(shi)器(qi)(qi),等(deng)待儀器(qi)(qi)自(zi)(zi)檢。當顯(xian)示(shi)器(qi)(qi)顯(xian)示(shi)零時,自(zi)(zi)檢過(guo)(guo)程結束,天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)可(ke)進行稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang);放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)紙,按(an)顯(xian)示(shi)屏兩(liang)側的(de)(de)Tare鍵(jian)(jian)去皮,待顯(xian)示(shi)器(qi)(qi)顯(xian)示(shi)零時,在(zai)(zai)(zai)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)紙加(jia)(jia)(jia)所(suo)(suo)要(yao)(yao)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)試劑稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)完畢,按(an)ON/OFF鍵(jian)(jian),關斷顯(xian)示(shi)器(qi)(qi)。
四、電子天平多少錢一臺
電子天平是新型的天平秤,是工業制造業和化學實驗室常用稱量儀器之一,具有稱量快捷、使用方便等諸多優點,它有分析天平、精密天平、普通天平等不同精度等級的產品,價格也有所不同,一般根據不同的量程、品牌、功能等方面,價格從一兩百元一臺到兩三萬元一臺不等。購買天平秤的時候,要注意根據測量需求選擇合適精度的產品,并注意看電子天平秤的做工、配件和性能等方面,選擇優質的天平秤品牌產品。
選(xuan)(xuan)購(gou)天平秤時千萬不(bu)要(yao)因為(wei)價(jia)格便宜,而(er)盲目(mu)跟從購(gou)買,選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)比較有知名度的(de)品(pin)(pin)牌,不(bu)僅(jin)品(pin)(pin)質有保證,售后服務也有保障。當然追求品(pin)(pin)牌的(de)東西(xi)不(bu)一定就是追求價(jia)格的(de)昂(ang)貴,不(bu)同的(de)經濟水平我們可以選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)不(bu)同價(jia)位的(de)名牌產品(pin)(pin)。選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)網購(gou)商品(pin)(pin)的(de)朋友要(yao)認準(zhun)品(pin)(pin)牌的(de)旗艦店鋪,這樣子才能做到萬無一失。