應急燈原理是什么? 消防應急照明燈布(bu)燈位置
應急燈的作用
消防應急燈作為(wei)在火災(zai)現場(chang)(chang)及不可抗(kang)拒災(zai)難事(shi)故發生時(shi),為(wei)被困在事(shi)故現場(chang)(chang)的(de)人員尋找(發現)緊急(ji)逃生安全(quan)出(chu)口通(tong)道時(shi)提供應急(ji)照明和方向指示(shi)的(de)必備燈(deng)具。
當發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)突發(fa)(fa)性的(de)(de)停電、火災(zai)事(shi)故的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)或地震等(deng)不(bu)可抗(kang)拒(ju)的(de)(de)災(zai)難(nan)事(shi)故發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)時(shi),用于事(shi)故現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)人(ren)員的(de)(de)緊急疏散,迅速逃離現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang),對被困現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)人(ren)員的(de)(de)營救,提供指示照(zhao)明(ming);并且適用于一(yi)般(ban)家庭的(de)(de)使用。
應急燈原理
國內使用(yong)的應(ying)急照明系統以自帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源獨立控制型為主,正常電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源接(jie)自普(pu)通照明供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)回(hui)路中,平(ping)時(shi)(shi)對應(ying)急燈(deng)(deng)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),當(dang)正常電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源切(qie)斷時(shi)(shi),備用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池)自動(dong)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。這種形式的應(ying)急燈(deng)(deng)每個燈(deng)(deng)具內部都有(you)變(bian)壓(ya)、穩壓(ya)、充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、逆變(bian)、蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池等大量的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)元器件,應(ying)急燈(deng)(deng)在(zai)使用(yong)、檢修、故障時(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池均需充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
另一種是(shi)集(ji)中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)源集(ji)中(zhong)控制型,應急燈具內無獨立電(dian)(dian)源,正常照(zhao)明電(dian)(dian)源故障時,由集(ji)中(zhong)供電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)供電(dian)(dian)。在(zai)這種形式的(de)(de)應急照(zhao)明系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong),所(suo)有燈具內部復雜的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子電(dian)(dian)路被(bei)省掉了,應急照(zhao)明燈具與普(pu)通的(de)(de)燈具無異,集(ji)中(zhong)供電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)設置在(zai)專用的(de)(de)房間內。
應急燈安裝高度
常(chang)見(jian)的消防應急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明燈,一般安(an)裝在(zai)2.2米或以(yi)上的高(gao)度(du),多以(yi)懸掛(gua)式(shi)(shi)或壁掛(gua)式(shi)(shi)掛(gua)置于安(an)全出口(消防安(an)全通(tong)道(dao))的上方或門(men)框的上方。在(zai)火災發生(sheng)或停(ting)電之時,自動點亮,作(zuo)(zuo)為應急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明燈具(ju),提供應急(ji)照(zhao)(zhao)明條件。在(zai)火災發生(sheng)的初(chu)期發揮的作(zuo)(zuo)用大一些。
消防應急照明燈布燈位置
根(gen)據<建筑設計(ji)防(fang)(fang)火(huo)規范>及<高(gao)層民用建筑設計(ji)防(fang)(fang)火(huo)規范>規定(ding),應在(zai)建筑物內的下列部(bu)位設置消防(fang)(fang)應急照明燈:
1、封(feng)閉樓(lou)梯(ti)間、防煙(yan)樓(lou)梯(ti)間及(ji)其前室,消防電(dian)梯(ti)及(ji)其前室;
2、配電(dian)室、消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)控制(zhi)室、自動發電(dian)機房(fang)(fang)、消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)水泵房(fang)(fang)、防(fang)煙排煙機房(fang)(fang)、供(gong)消(xiao)(xiao)防(fang)用電(dian)的蓄(xu)電(dian)池室、電(dian)話總機房(fang)(fang)以(yi)及(ji)在(zai)發生火災時(shi)仍需堅持工作的其(qi)它房(fang)(fang)間;
3、觀眾廳每層超(chao)過(guo)1500m2的(de)展(zhan)覽廳、營業廳、建筑面積超(chao)過(guo)200m2 的(de)演播室、人員密集(ji)且建筑面積超(chao)過(guo)300m2的(de)地下室;
4、公共建筑內的疏散(san)走道(dao)和長度(du)超(chao)過(guo)20m的內走道(dao)。
消防應急標志燈布燈標志
疏散(san)(san)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)分為(wei)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)和疏散(san)(san)通(tong)(tong)道指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)。出(chu)口(kou)(kou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)安(an)(an)裝部位通(tong)(tong)常是在建筑(zhu)(zhu)物通(tong)(tong)向(xiang)室(shi)外的(de)正(zheng)(zheng)常出(chu)口(kou)(kou)和應(ying)急出(chu)口(kou)(kou),多層和高層建筑(zhu)(zhu)各樓層通(tong)(tong)向(xiang)樓梯(ti)間和消防(fang)電(dian)梯(ti)前室(shi)的(de)門口(kou)(kou),大面(mian)積的(de)廳、堂、場、館通(tong)(tong)向(xiang)疏散(san)(san)通(tong)(tong)道和通(tong)(tong)向(xiang)前廳、側廳、樓梯(ti)間的(de)出(chu)口(kou)(kou)。出(chu)口(kou)(kou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)燈一般裝于出(chu)口(kou)(kou)門的(de)上(shang)方,門太高時,可(ke)裝于門的(de)側口(kou)(kou)。為(wei)防(fang)止火災(zai)時煙霧影響(xiang)視覺,其高度以2-2.5m為(wei)宜。正(zheng)(zheng)面(mian)應(ying)盡量使(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)垂直于疏散(san)(san)通(tong)(tong)道截(jie)面(mian)。疏散(san)(san)通(tong)(tong)道指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)的(de)安(an)(an)裝部位通(tong)(tong)常是公共建筑(zhu)(zhu)內的(de)疏散(san)(san)通(tong)(tong)道,為(wei)使(shi)人員疏散(san)(san)時,無論在從何處都能(neng)找到出(chu)口(kou)(kou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi),走道上(shang)的(de)指(zhi)示(shi)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)間距不宜大于20m。