漏電保護器誤動作怎么辦

1、接線錯誤

因用電設備接線不當、相鄰分支零線相互連接和漏電保護器極數選(xuan)擇不(bu)對而引起誤(wu)(wu)動作。如在三(san)相(xiang)四(si)線制電(dian)路中，照明和動力合(he)用電(dian)路，錯(cuo)誤(wu)(wu)地選(xuan)用三(san)極漏(lou)電(dian)保護器，單相(xiang)負荷零線直(zhi)接(jie)接(jie)在保護器電(dian)源側所引起的誤(wu)(wu)動作。

2、接地不當

如零線重復接地(di)、自耦變壓器接地(di)點(dian)分流、零序電流互感器回路(lu)中有金屬管電纜(lan)時其金屬管接地(di)不(bu)當等引起(qi)誤(wu)動作。

3、內外過電壓

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中發生雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和操作過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時(shi)，由(you)于過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓頻率(lv)很(hen)(hen)高，對地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容阻(zu)(zu)抗很(hen)(hen)小(xiao)，以(yi)致充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)(hen)大，往往引起漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)誤動(dong)作。為了防止(zhi)出現這種情況(kuang)，應(ying)換上延時(shi)型(xing)或沖(chong)擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓不(bu)動(dong)作型(xing)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)，或者在(zai)觸點之間并(bing)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)以(yi)抑(yi)制過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。此外，也(ye)可在(zai)線(xian)路中接入過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓吸收(shou)裝置。

4、電磁干擾

當漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)附近有磁(ci)(ci)性設(she)(she)備接(jie)通(tong)或(huo)(huo)大功率(lv)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)開合時，所產生的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)會(hui)引起漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)誤動作。在(zai)這種(zhong)情況下，漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)的(de)(de)安裝(zhuang)位置(zhi)應(ying)(ying)遠離這種(zhong)類(lei)型的(de)(de)設(she)(she)備。此外，當漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)繼電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)的(de)(de)零序(xu)電(dian)(dian)流互感(gan)器(qi)和繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)脫(tuo)扣線圈分開裝(zhuang)在(zai)兩處時，如果二者(zhe)的(de)(de)連(lian)接(jie)導(dao)線過長(chang)，又位于強電(dian)(dian)場(chang)或(huo)(huo)強磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)附近，漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)也會(hui)發生誤動作。此時應(ying)(ying)使連(lian)接(jie)導(dao)線盡量短(duan)些，并絞合在(zai)一起穿入鐵(tie)管，或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)采用屏蔽(bi)(bi)導(dao)線，而屏蔽(bi)(bi)部分再(zai)行接(jie)地。

5、環流影響

當兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)配電變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)并(bing)(bing)聯運(yun)行時，如果每(mei)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)中(zhong)性點各有接地(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，由于(yu)兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)內(nei)阻抗不可(ke)能完(wan)全相(xiang)(xiang)同，接地(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)會(hui)出現環(huan)(huan)流(liu)(liu)。若(ruo)環(huan)(huan)流(liu)(liu)很大(da)，就會(hui)引起(qi)漏(lou)電保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)誤動作(zuo)。為避免(mian)出現這種情(qing)況(kuang)，應(ying)拆去(qu)一根接地(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，使兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)共(gong)用(yong)一個接地(di)(di)極。此(ci)外(wai)，當同一變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)通(tong)過兩(liang)(liang)條(tiao)并(bing)(bing)聯回(hui)路對同一負載供電時，由于(yu)兩(liang)(liang)個分(fen)支的(de)電流(liu)(liu)不會(hui)完(wan)全相(xiang)(xiang)等，在(zai)回(hui)路中(zhong)也(ye)會(hui)形成(cheng)環(huan)(huan)流(liu)(liu)，引起(qi)回(hui)路中(zhong)的(de)漏(lou)電保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)誤動作(zuo)。在(zai)這種情(qing)況(kuang)下，應(ying)將(jiang)負荷(he)分(fen)成(cheng)兩(liang)(liang)組，分(fen)別由兩(liang)(liang)個支路供電，盡量避免(mian)兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)漏(lou)電保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)并(bing)(bing)聯運(yun)行。

6、水銀燈和熒光燈回路的影響

當(dang)水(shui)銀(yin)燈或(huo)熒光(guang)(guang)燈與(yu)其鎮流器(qi)(qi)分開安(an)裝時，由于燈與(yu)鎮流器(qi)(qi)的(de)距離大，對(dui)(dui)地(di)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)較大，而燈管電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)又是高(gao)頻波，對(dui)(dui)地(di)容(rong)抗小，因此充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流增(zeng)大。若(ruo)回路(lu)中這種(zhong)燈較多，充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流就會引起漏電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)(qi)誤動作。此時應減少回路(lu)中水(shui)銀(yin)燈或(huo)熒光(guang)(guang)燈的(de)數量，縮(suo)短燈與(yu)鎮流器(qi)(qi)的(de)距離，或(huo)者采用(yong)(yong)一、二次側絕緣的(de)鎮流器(qi)(qi)，而不采用(yong)(yong)自(zi)耦式(shi)鎮流器(qi)(qi)。

7、過載和(he)短路的影(ying)響

當漏電保護器兼有過電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)護(hu)、短(duan)路保(bao)護(hu)時，常因(yin)過電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)短(duan)路保(bao)護(hu)脫扣器的(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)整定(ding)不(bu)當(dang)而(er)引起漏電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器誤動作(zuo)(zuo)。為此，應重(zhong)新整定(ding)過電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)護(hu)裝置的(de)動作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，使(shi)其與(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)相匹配。