漏電保護器誤動作怎么辦

1、接線錯誤

因用電設備接線不當、相鄰分支零線相互連接和漏電保護器極數選擇不對(dui)而(er)引起誤動作。如在三(san)相(xiang)四線制電路(lu)中，照明和(he)動力合用電路(lu)，錯誤地(di)選用三(san)極漏(lou)電保(bao)護器，單相(xiang)負荷(he)零線直(zhi)接接在保(bao)護器電源側所引起的誤動作。

2、接地不當

如零線重復接(jie)地、自耦(ou)變壓器接(jie)地點分流(liu)、零序電流(liu)互(hu)感器回(hui)路中有金屬(shu)管電纜時其金屬(shu)管接(jie)地不當(dang)等引起誤動作。

3、內外過電壓

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中發生雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和操(cao)作(zuo)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時(shi)(shi)，由于過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)頻率很(hen)高(gao)，對(dui)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容阻抗(kang)很(hen)小(xiao)，以(yi)致充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)大，往往引起漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護器誤動作(zuo)。為(wei)了防止出現(xian)這種情況，應換上延(yan)時(shi)(shi)型或沖擊(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不動作(zuo)型漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護器，或者在觸點之間并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻以(yi)抑制過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。此外，也可在線路中接入過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)吸(xi)收(shou)裝置(zhi)。

4、電磁干擾

當漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)附(fu)近有磁(ci)性設備接(jie)通或(huo)(huo)大(da)功率電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)開合時，所產生(sheng)的(de)磁(ci)場會引起漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)誤動作。在這種(zhong)情況(kuang)下，漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)的(de)安裝位置應遠離這種(zhong)類型(xing)的(de)設備。此外，當漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)的(de)零序電(dian)(dian)(dian)流互感器(qi)和繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)脫扣線(xian)圈分(fen)開裝在兩處時，如(ru)果二者的(de)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)導(dao)(dao)線(xian)過長，又位于強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場或(huo)(huo)強(qiang)磁(ci)場附(fu)近，漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)也會發生(sheng)誤動作。此時應使連(lian)(lian)接(jie)導(dao)(dao)線(xian)盡量短(duan)些(xie)，并絞合在一起穿入鐵(tie)管，或(huo)(huo)者采用屏(ping)(ping)蔽(bi)導(dao)(dao)線(xian)，而屏(ping)(ping)蔽(bi)部分(fen)再行(xing)接(jie)地。

5、環流影響

當兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)配電(dian)(dian)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)并(bing)聯(lian)運行時(shi)，如果每臺(tai)(tai)(tai)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)中(zhong)性點各有(you)接地(di)線(xian)，由(you)于(yu)兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)內(nei)阻抗不可能完(wan)全(quan)相(xiang)同(tong)，接地(di)線(xian)中(zhong)會(hui)出(chu)(chu)現環(huan)流(liu)。若環(huan)流(liu)很(hen)大，就會(hui)引起(qi)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)誤動(dong)(dong)作。為(wei)避免(mian)出(chu)(chu)現這(zhe)種(zhong)情況(kuang)，應拆去一(yi)根(gen)接地(di)線(xian)，使兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)共用一(yi)個(ge)接地(di)極。此外，當同(tong)一(yi)變壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)過(guo)兩(liang)(liang)條(tiao)并(bing)聯(lian)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)對同(tong)一(yi)負載供電(dian)(dian)時(shi)，由(you)于(yu)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)分支的(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)不會(hui)完(wan)全(quan)相(xiang)等，在(zai)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)也會(hui)形成(cheng)環(huan)流(liu)，引起(qi)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)的(de)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)誤動(dong)(dong)作。在(zai)這(zhe)種(zhong)情況(kuang)下(xia)，應將負荷(he)分成(cheng)兩(liang)(liang)組，分別由(you)兩(liang)(liang)個(ge)支路(lu)(lu)供電(dian)(dian)，盡量避免(mian)兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)并(bing)聯(lian)運行。

6、水銀燈和(he)熒光(guang)燈回(hui)路的(de)影(ying)響

當(dang)水銀燈(deng)(deng)或熒光燈(deng)(deng)與(yu)其鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)分開(kai)安裝時(shi)，由于燈(deng)(deng)與(yu)鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)的(de)距(ju)離大，對地(di)電容較大，而燈(deng)(deng)管電壓又是(shi)高頻波，對地(di)容抗小，因(yin)此充(chong)電電流(liu)(liu)增大。若回(hui)路中(zhong)這種燈(deng)(deng)較多，充(chong)電電流(liu)(liu)就會(hui)引(yin)起漏電保護器(qi)(qi)誤動作。此時(shi)應減少回(hui)路中(zhong)水銀燈(deng)(deng)或熒光燈(deng)(deng)的(de)數量，縮短燈(deng)(deng)與(yu)鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)的(de)距(ju)離，或者采用一、二次側絕緣的(de)鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)，而不(bu)采用自耦式鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)。

7、過載和(he)短(duan)路的(de)影(ying)響

當漏電保護器兼有過電(dian)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、短路(lu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)時(shi)，常因過電(dian)流(liu)(liu)短路(lu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)脫扣(kou)器的(de)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)整(zheng)定不當而引起漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)器誤動作(zuo)。為此(ci)，應重新整(zheng)定過電(dian)流(liu)(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置的(de)動作(zuo)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)，使(shi)其(qi)與工作(zuo)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)相(xiang)匹配。