漏電保護器誤動作怎么辦

1、接線錯誤

因用電設備接線不當、相鄰分支零線相互連接和漏電保護器極數(shu)選擇不對而(er)引起誤(wu)(wu)動(dong)作。如(ru)在三相四線(xian)制電路(lu)中，照明和(he)動(dong)力合用電路(lu)，錯(cuo)誤(wu)(wu)地選用三極漏電保(bao)護器(qi)，單相負荷(he)零線(xian)直(zhi)接接在保(bao)護器(qi)電源側所引起的誤(wu)(wu)動(dong)作。

2、接地不當

如零線(xian)重復接地(di)、自耦變壓器接地(di)點分(fen)流、零序電流互感(gan)器回路中有金屬管電纜時其金屬管接地(di)不當等引起誤(wu)動作。

3、內外過電壓

當電(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)發(fa)生雷電(dian)(dian)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和操作過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)時，由于(yu)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)頻率很高，對地電(dian)(dian)容阻(zu)抗很小(xiao)，以(yi)致充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流很大，往(wang)往(wang)引起(qi)漏電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)誤動作。為了防止出(chu)現這(zhe)種情況，應換上延時型或沖擊電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不(bu)動作型漏電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)，或者在觸點之間并聯電(dian)(dian)容、電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)以(yi)抑(yi)制過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。此外，也(ye)可(ke)在線路中(zhong)接入過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)吸收裝(zhuang)置。

4、電磁干擾

當(dang)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)器(qi)附近有(you)磁性設(she)備(bei)接(jie)(jie)通或大功(gong)率電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)開合時，所產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)磁場(chang)(chang)會引(yin)起(qi)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)器(qi)誤動作。在這種情況(kuang)下，漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安裝位置(zhi)應遠離這種類型的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)備(bei)。此外(wai)，當(dang)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)零序電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)互感器(qi)和繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)脫扣線圈分開裝在兩處時，如果二者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)連接(jie)(jie)導(dao)(dao)線過長，又位于強(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)或強(qiang)磁場(chang)(chang)附近，漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)器(qi)也會發生誤動作。此時應使連接(jie)(jie)導(dao)(dao)線盡量短些，并(bing)絞合在一起(qi)穿入鐵管，或者(zhe)采用屏蔽(bi)導(dao)(dao)線，而屏蔽(bi)部(bu)分再行接(jie)(jie)地。

5、環流影響

當(dang)兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)配電(dian)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)并聯(lian)運行時，如果每臺(tai)(tai)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)中性(xing)點各有接地線(xian)，由于(yu)兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)內阻抗不可能(neng)完(wan)全(quan)相同(tong)，接地線(xian)中會(hui)(hui)(hui)出現環流(liu)。若環流(liu)很大，就會(hui)(hui)(hui)引(yin)起漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)誤(wu)(wu)動(dong)作。為避(bi)(bi)免(mian)出現這種情況，應(ying)拆去一(yi)根接地線(xian)，使兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)共用(yong)一(yi)個接地極。此外，當(dang)同(tong)一(yi)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)通過兩(liang)(liang)條并聯(lian)回(hui)路(lu)對同(tong)一(yi)負載(zai)供電(dian)時，由于(yu)兩(liang)(liang)個分支(zhi)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)不會(hui)(hui)(hui)完(wan)全(quan)相等，在回(hui)路(lu)中也會(hui)(hui)(hui)形成環流(liu)，引(yin)起回(hui)路(lu)中的(de)漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)誤(wu)(wu)動(dong)作。在這種情況下，應(ying)將負荷分成兩(liang)(liang)組，分別由兩(liang)(liang)個支(zhi)路(lu)供電(dian)，盡量(liang)避(bi)(bi)免(mian)兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)(tai)漏(lou)電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)并聯(lian)運行。

6、水銀燈和(he)熒(ying)光燈回路(lu)的影響

當水(shui)銀燈(deng)(deng)(deng)或熒光(guang)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)與(yu)其鎮流(liu)器分開安(an)裝時(shi)，由于燈(deng)(deng)(deng)與(yu)鎮流(liu)器的距(ju)離大，對地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容較(jiao)大，而(er)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)管電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓又(you)是高頻波，對地(di)容抗(kang)小，因此充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)增(zeng)大。若回(hui)(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)這種燈(deng)(deng)(deng)較(jiao)多，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)就會(hui)引起漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護器誤(wu)動作。此時(shi)應(ying)減少(shao)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)水(shui)銀燈(deng)(deng)(deng)或熒光(guang)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)的數(shu)量，縮短燈(deng)(deng)(deng)與(yu)鎮流(liu)器的距(ju)離，或者采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)、二次(ci)側絕緣的鎮流(liu)器，而(er)不采用(yong)(yong)自耦式鎮流(liu)器。

7、過(guo)載和(he)短路的(de)影響

當漏電保護器兼有過電(dian)流(liu)保(bao)護(hu)、短路保(bao)護(hu)時，常因過電(dian)流(liu)短路保(bao)護(hu)脫扣器的電(dian)流(liu)整定不當而引(yin)起漏電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器誤動(dong)作(zuo)。為此，應重(zhong)新(xin)整定過電(dian)流(liu)保(bao)護(hu)裝置的動(dong)作(zuo)電(dian)流(liu)，使其與工作(zuo)電(dian)流(liu)相匹配。