一、冰蛋是什么
冰蛋是鮮雞蛋去殼、預處理(li)、冷(leng)凍后制(zhi)成(cheng)的蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)制(zhi)品。冰(bing)(bing)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)類是(shi)指以(yi)鮮雞(ji)(ji)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)或其他禽蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)為(wei)原料,取(qu)其全蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)、蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)或蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)黃部分,經(jing)加(jia)工處理(li),冷(leng)凍工藝制(zhi)成(cheng)的蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)制(zhi)品。如:巴(ba)氏殺菌(jun)凍雞(ji)(ji)全蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)、凍雞(ji)(ji)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)黃、冰(bing)(bing)雞(ji)(ji)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai)。分為(wei)冰(bing)(bing)雞(ji)(ji)全蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)、冰(bing)(bing)雞(ji)(ji)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)黃、冰(bing)(bing)雞(ji)(ji)蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)白(bai)(bai),以(yi)及巴(ba)氏消毒冰(bing)(bing)雞(ji)(ji)全蛋(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan),其加(jia)工原理(li)、方(fang)法基本相同。
二、冰蛋工藝流程
蛋液→攪拌→過濾(lv)→預冷(巴氏殺菌)→裝聽→急凍→包(bao)裝→冷藏
三、怎么制作冰蛋
鮮蛋(dan)(dan)去殼(ke)后(hou)將(jiang)全蛋(dan)(dan)液(ye)(或(huo)蛋(dan)(dan)黃與(yu)蛋(dan)(dan)白液(ye)分(fen)離(li)分(fen)別加工(gong))攪拌過濾,去除蛋(dan)(dan)液(ye)內(nei)蛋(dan)(dan)殼(ke)碎片、蛋(dan)(dan)膜、系帶(dai)等雜質,然(ran)后(hou)經64~65℃處(chu)理,此處(chu)理工(gong)序一般是(shi)在巴氏消(xiao)毒器(qi)內(nei)進行。消(xiao)毒后(hou)蛋(dan)(dan)液(ye)按等級分(fen)裝于(yu)塑料袋(dai)或(huo)馬口鐵(tie)聽(ting)內(nei),封(feng)口后(hou)即送(song)急(ji)凍庫速(su)凍,速(su)凍溫(wen)度-20℃,時(shi)間(jian)根(gen)據不同包裝容器(qi)而定,例如聽(ting)裝凍72小時(shi),袋(dai)裝20小時(shi)。速(su)凍后(hou)產品放(fang)入紙箱或(huo)貨箱,入普通冷庫冷藏。用時(shi)取出解凍即可。
四、如何用冰蛋煮出完美的常溫水煮蛋?
將雞蛋(dan)(dan)從(cong)冰(bing)箱取出,洗凈,放入(ru)盆中,?倒入(ru)沸(fei)水(shui)浸泡(pao)10~15分鐘(zhong), 至蛋(dan)(dan)回(hui)溫。雞蛋(dan)(dan)從(cong)熱水(shui)中取出,放入(ru)電(dian)鍋內鍋中,外鍋一杯水(shui),按下電(dian)源。
電源跳起后,放入冷水中待雞蛋完全冷卻后即可剝殼(ke)。
五、冰蛋品的解凍方法
有以下幾種:
①常溫解(jie)凍是將冰蛋(dan)放(fang)置(zhi)在常溫下進(jin)行解(jie)凍的(de)方法。該法操作簡(jian)單,但解(jie)凍較(jiao)緩慢,解(jie)凍時間(jian)較(jiao)長。
②低溫解凍將冰(bing)蛋品從冷藏庫(ku)移到低溫庫(ku)解凍的方法,國外(wai)常在5℃以下(xia)的低溫庫(ku)中(zhong)48小時(shi)或在10℃以下(xia)24小時(shi)內解凍。
③水(shui)解凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)分為水(shui)浸式解凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、流水(shui)解凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、噴淋解凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)、加碎冰解凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)方(fang)法。對冰蛋(dan)白的(de)解凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)主(zhu)要應用流水(shui)解凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)法,即將盛(sheng)冰蛋(dan)品的(de)容器置入15~20℃的(de)流水(shui)中,可以在(zai)短時間內(nei)解凍(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),而(er)且可以防止(zhi)微(wei)生(sheng)物的(de)污染。
④加溫解(jie)凍把冰蛋品移入室溫保持(chi)在(zai)30~50℃的保溫庫中,可(ke)用風機連(lian)續送風使(shi)空(kong)氣循環,在(zai)短時(shi)間內可(ke)以達到(dao)解(jie)凍目的。
⑤微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)(bo)解凍(dong)微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)(bo)解凍(dong)能保(bao)(bao)持食品的色、香(xiang)、味,而且微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)(bo)解凍(dong)時(shi)(shi)間只(zhi)是常(chang)規時(shi)(shi)間的1/10。冰蛋品采(cai)用微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)(bo)解凍(dong)不(bu)會發生(sheng)蛋白質變性(xing),可以保(bao)(bao)證產品的質量。但是微(wei)(wei)波(bo)(bo)(bo)解凍(dong)法投資(zi)大,設備和(he)技術水平要(yao)求較高。
上述幾種解凍(dong)(dong)方法解凍(dong)(dong)所(suo)需要(yao)的時間,因冰(bing)(bing)蛋(dan)品的種類(lei)而有差異。加(jia)鹽冰(bing)(bing)蛋(dan)和加(jia)糖冰(bing)(bing)蛋(dan),由于其(qi)冰(bing)(bing)點下(xia)降,解凍(dong)(dong)較(jiao)快。在一般冰(bing)(bing)蛋(dan)品中,冰(bing)(bing)蛋(dan)黃可在短時間內(nei)解凍(dong)(dong),而冰(bing)(bing)蛋(dan)白則需要(yao)較(jiao)長解凍(dong)(dong)時間。
在(zai)(zai)解凍(dong)(dong)過程中細(xi)菌(jun)(jun)的(de)繁殖(zhi)狀況也因冰蛋品的(de)種類與解凍(dong)(dong)方法(fa)不同(tong)(tong)而異。例如,同(tong)(tong)一室(shi)(shi)溫(wen)中解凍(dong)(dong),細(xi)菌(jun)(jun)總數(shu)在(zai)(zai)蛋黃中比蛋白中增加的(de)速度快。同(tong)(tong)一種冰蛋品,室(shi)(shi)溫(wen)解凍(dong)(dong)比流水解凍(dong)(dong)的(de)細(xi)菌(jun)(jun)數(shu)高。