一.產品介紹
嘉(jia)蔭水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)發展歷史:嘉(jia)蔭縣(xian)位(wei)于黑龍江中下(xia)游,水(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)源豐(feng)富,水(shui)(shui)(shui)質好,無污染(ran),種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)有得(de)天(tian)獨厚的(de)環境優(you)(you)勢(shi)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)于水(shui)(shui)(shui),米融于水(shui)(shui)(shui),嘉(jia)蔭水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)成(cheng)熟期(qi)產(chan)區晝夜溫差大(da),使嘉(jia)蔭大(da)米芳香爽口,是百姓餐桌上的(de)佳品。嘉(jia)蔭縣(xian)發展水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)的(de)歷史很短,上世紀(ji)80年代(dai)初(chu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)開(kai)(kai)始試驗(yan)性(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan),但(dan)后來(lai)由于當地農(nong)(nong)民(min)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)旱田習慣(guan)而沒有推(tui)廣開(kai)(kai)來(lai)。1999年縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政(zheng)(zheng)府重(zhong)新(xin)確定(ding)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)計劃(hua),在紅(hong)光(guang)鄉燎源村引進鐵力市水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)戶(hu)進行示范性(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)獲(huo)得(de)成(cheng)功。2001年縣(xian)委、縣(xian)政(zheng)(zheng)府把綠色水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)確定(ding)為主導產(chan)業之一(yi),大(da)力扶持和(he)壯(zhuang)大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)業,不斷加強(qiang)農(nong)(nong)田水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)建設,滿足水(shui)(shui)(shui)田灌溉(gai)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)需要,補貼建設水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)育(yu)秧大(da)棚,以基層(ceng)農(nong)(nong)技推(tui)廣體系改革與建設為重(zhong)點,建立了縣(xian)、鄉、村三(san)級農(nong)(nong)技推(tui)廣服務網絡,大(da)力開(kai)(kai)展農(nong)(nong)民(min)科技培訓,向農(nong)(nong)民(min)推(tui)廣先進栽培技術和(he)優(you)(you)良品種(zhong)(zhong),稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)農(nong)(nong)基本掌握育(yu)苗(miao)、施肥、田間管理等主要技術環節,使水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)量、品質逐年提高。截止目(mu)前,全縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積(ji)(ji)達14000畝(mu),大(da)棚育(yu)秧面積(ji)(ji)100%,優(you)(you)良品種(zhong)(zhong)覆(fu)蓋率達到95%以上,近三(san)年水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)平均畝(mu)產(chan)400公斤,取(qu)得(de)了良好的(de)社會和(he)經(jing)濟效益,袁隆平先生(sheng)(sheng)親(qin)自為嘉(jia)蔭縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)基地題詞,水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)成(cheng)為嘉(jia)蔭縣(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業的(de)三(san)駕馬車之一(yi)。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
1.土壤地(di)貌(mao)情況:嘉蔭(yin)縣多(duo)為黑鈣土、沙壤土,pH值在6.5-7.5左右,土壤肥沃、耕性良(liang)好,嘉蔭(yin)縣地(di)勢走向西(xi)南高、東北低(di),小(xiao)興安嶺余脈呈(cheng)雞爪狀向黑龍(long)江邊延申,溝壑縱(zong)橫、丘(qiu)陵起伏、漫(man)崗平原相間,西(xi)南部守虎(hu)山。
2.水(shui)文情(qing)況(kuang):嘉(jia)蔭縣水(shui)資源豐富,除黑龍江流經本(ben)縣245公里(li)之(zhi)外(wai),直接流入黑龍江大小(xiao)河流有(you)(you)26條(tiao)。以(yi)黑龍江水(shui)、地下水(shui)為主(zhu)要水(shui)源,水(shui)質(zhi)分別達(da)到地表(biao)水(shui)環境質(zhi)量GB3838的一(yi)級標準和生活飲用水(shui)GB5749的標準。嘉(jia)蔭縣是農業縣以(yi)種植(zhi)業為主(zhu),沒有(you)(you)大型(xing)工業污(wu)染(ran)企業,幾(ji)乎沒有(you)(you)污(wu)染(ran),因此,水(shui)資源保持良好(hao)。
3.氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)情況:嘉(jia)蔭縣地(di)處北(bei)溫帶(dai)季(ji)(ji)風(feng)大(da)陸氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)區(qu)(qu),由于地(di)勢和地(di)形的(de) 變化,使(shi)嘉(jia)蔭縣氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)差異很(hen)大(da),致(zhi)可(ke)分為二個小氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)區(qu)(qu)。一(yi)是位于小興嶺北(bei) 坡(po)的(de)青山鄉(xiang)(xiang)、滬嘉(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)西南部(bu)(bu)、常勝(sheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)西部(bu)(bu)、烏(wu)啦嘎鎮大(da)部(bu)(bu)、紅光(guang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)西部(bu)(bu)、保興鄉(xiang)(xiang)西南部(bu)(bu)屬山地(di)小氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)區(qu)(qu)。冬(dong)季(ji)(ji)漫(man)長寒(han)冷、夏季(ji)(ji)短促(cu)多雨(yu)(yu)。積溫10≥1600℃左(zuo)右(you),無(wu)霜(shuang)期90天(tian)左(zuo)右(you)、降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)530毫(hao)米左(zuo)右(you)。二是常勝(sheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)、烏(wu)云鎮、向陽鄉(xiang)(xiang)、紅光(guang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)、朝陽鎮、保興鄉(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)地(di)區(qu)(qu)。冬(dong)季(ji)(ji),西伯利亞寒(han)流(liu)長驅直入,風(feng)大(da)、嚴寒(han)、干燥。無(wu)霜(shuang)期120左(zuo)右(you)、降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)650毫(hao)米左(zuo)右(you)。全(quan)縣平均無(wu)霜(shuang)期115天(tian)、年降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)588毫(hao)米,年日(ri)照時數(shu)2377小時。
4.人文歷史情況:據(ju)1992年縣(xian)志記(ji)載,嘉蔭縣(xian)農業發展的歷史很短。解放(fang)前(qian),采金(jin)工(gong)作(zuo)用的糧(liang)食多數靠(kao)外(wai)進。1927年全縣(xian)百(bai)多戶(hu)農民僅有3000多畝(mu)(mu)耕地(di)。解放(fang)后(hou),農業生產(chan)發展迅速。耕地(di)面(mian)積由1949年41700畝(mu)(mu)發展到(dao)1985年393000畝(mu)(mu),到(dao)目前(qian)為止,嘉蔭縣(xian)耕地(di)面(mian)積已達1316200畝(mu)(mu)。糧(liang)食主要作(zuo)物是大豆(dou)、水稻(dao)等。
三.地域范圍
嘉蔭(yin)水稻產地(di)(di)位于黑(hei)(hei)龍江(jiang)省伊春市嘉蔭(yin)縣(xian),縣(xian)所(suo)轄3鎮(zhen)6鄉(xiang)(xiang):烏(wu)云鎮(zhen)、朝陽鎮(zhen)、烏(wu)拉嘎(ga)(ga)鎮(zhen)、常勝鄉(xiang)(xiang)、滬嘉鄉(xiang)(xiang)、向陽鄉(xiang)(xiang)、紅光鄉(xiang)(xiang)、青(qing)(qing)山鄉(xiang)(xiang)、保(bao)興(xing)鄉(xiang)(xiang)。地(di)(di)理坐標為(wei):東經(jing)129°09′-130°45′,北緯48°07′-49°25′,全縣(xian)平均海拔(ba)230米左右。嘉蔭(yin)縣(xian)北與俄(e)羅(luo)斯隔(ge)江(jiang)相望,以(yi)黑(hei)(hei)龍江(jiang)為(wei)界。西至(zhi)常勝、滬嘉、青(qing)(qing)山分別(bie)與遜克(ke)縣(xian)、湯旺河林區接壤(rang),南至(zhi)烏(wu)拉嘎(ga)(ga)、保(bao)興(xing)與鶴崗、蘿北接壤(rang),區域保(bao)護面積(ji)150000公頃(qing)。生產面積(ji)800公頃(qing),年總產量4800噸。
四(si).產(chan)品品質特(te)性特(te)征
1.外在感官特征:水(shui)稻(dao)所生(sheng)產的大米,形狀(zhuang)縱(zong)長(chang),長(chang)度(du)約為(wei)0.8mm左右,寬度(du)為(wei)0.3mm左右白色(se)顆粒。
2.內在品質指標:嘉蔭水稻生(sheng)產的(de)大米營養(yang)豐富,含(han)蛋(dan)白質、糖(tang)類、鈣、磷、鐵(tie)、葡萄糖(tang)、果糖(tang)、麥芽(ya)糖(tang)、維生(sheng)素(su)B1、維生(sheng)素(su)B2等。
3.安全要求:嘉蔭水(shui)稻嚴格(ge)(ge)按照《嘉蔭縣無公(gong)害水(shui)稻生產操作技術(shu)規程》NY 5115-2002進行操作,嚴格(ge)(ge)執(zhi)行肥料(liao)使用的(de)標準NY/T 496。嚴格(ge)(ge)執(zhi)行農藥使用的(de)標準GB 4285、GB/T 8321(所有部(bu)分(fen))。嚴格(ge)(ge)遵守《農產品質(zhi)量安全法(fa)》規定(ding)。
五.特定生產方式
1.產(chan)地選(xuan)擇:在全縣各鄉鎮選(xuan)擇土壤(rang)肥沃(wo)、耕性(xing)良好的(de)土壤(rang),應符合(he)NY 5116-2002的(de)規定。
2.品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇:選(xuan)用通過國家(jia)或地(di)方審定(ding)并(bing)(bing)在當(dang)地(di)示范(fan)成功的(de)優質(zhi)、高產品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。種(zhong)(zhong)子質(zhi)量應符(fu)合GB4404.1的(de)規定(ding)。選(xuan)用抗(kang)蟲、抗(kang)病性強的(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),并(bing)(bing)注意定(ding)期更換。
3.生產過程管理: 3.1.合理稀植(zhi) 直播(bo)稻(dao)(dao):播(bo)種量(liang)常規(gui)稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平方(fang)(fang)米(mi) 3kg-4kg,雜(za)交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)2kg-2.5kg。提(ti)(ti)倡采用生物種衣(yi)劑(ji)包(bao)衣(yi)的種子,以防地下害蟲危害。要求(qiu)注意(yi)播(bo)種質量(liang),確保全苗。播(bo)種出苗后應及時(shi)疏密(mi)(mi)補空。移栽(zai)稻(dao)(dao):早、晚(wan)稻(dao)(dao)種植(zhi)密(mi)(mi)度常規(gui)稻(dao)(dao)一般(ban)為(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)2萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)3本(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben),雜(za)交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平方(fang)(fang)米(mi) 1.5萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)-2.0萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)1本(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben);單(dan)季(ji)稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667 平方(fang)(fang)米(mi) 1.2萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)-1.7萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue),常規(gui)稻(dao)(dao)每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)3本(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben),雜(za)交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)1本(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben)。提(ti)(ti)倡寬(kuan)行(xing)窄(zhai)株(zhu)或(huo)寬(kuan)窄(zhai)行(xing)種植(zhi),移栽(zai)規(gui)格早、晚(wan)稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)25.0cm×13.3cm-16.7cm或(huo)(33.3cm+16.7cm)×13.3cm-16.7cm,即行(xing)距(ju)25.0cm,株(zhu)距(ju)13.3cm-16.7cm或(huo)寬(kuan)行(xing)33.3cm、窄(zhai)行(xing)16.7cm、株(zhu)距(ju)13.3cm-16.7cm;單(dan)降稻(dao)(dao)為(wei)25cm-30cm×16.7cm或(huo)(33.3cm+16.7cm)×16.7cm。超級(ji)稻(dao)(dao)優質稻(dao)(dao)起畦(qi)超稀植(zhi)栽(zai)培,移栽(zai)規(gui)格33.3cm×20.0cm-25.0cm,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)0.8萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)-1.0萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)2本(ben)(ben)。
3.2.平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei) 有機、無機結合(he),氮、磷(lin)(lin)(lin)、鉀(jia)配合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong):提倡測土配方施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),一(yi)般有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)占總(zong)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)量(liang)的(de)30%以上,氮∶磷(lin)(lin)(lin)∶鉀(jia)(N∶五氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)二(er)磷(lin)(lin)(lin)∶氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)鉀(jia))一(yi)般為(wei)1∶0.5∶1。嚴格控制(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氮和施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)總(zong)量(liang):每(mei)667 平(ping)(ping)方米(mi)大田施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)總(zong)量(liang)為(wei)早、晚稻控制(zhi)在純(chun)氮(N)8 kg-12kg,磷(lin)(lin)(lin)(五氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)二(er)磷(lin)(lin)(lin))4 kg-5kg,鉀(jia)(氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)鉀(jia))8 kg-12kg,單季稻控制(zhi)在純(chun)氮(N)12 kg-15 kg、磷(lin)(lin)(lin)(五氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)二(er)磷(lin)(lin)(lin))6kg-7kg、鉀(jia)(氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)鉀(jia))12kg-15kg,施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硫酸鋅1kg-2kg。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)方法(fa):施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)足基(ji)面肥(fei)(fei)(fei),適施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)和穗(sui)(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。一(yi)般氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)50%~70%作(zuo)基(ji)面肥(fei)(fei)(fei),20%-30%作(zuo)分蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),10%-20%作(zuo)穗(sui)(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei);磷(lin)(lin)(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)全部作(zuo)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong);鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)基(ji)、蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)各占50%。也可采用(yong)(yong)一(yi)次性全層(ceng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei),將專用(yong)(yong)復配肥(fei)(fei)(fei)料在平(ping)(ping)田時(shi)一(yi)次性施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入耕作(zuo)層(ceng)土壤(rang),但(dan)在砂壤(rang)田不(bu)宜采用(yong)(yong)。
3.3.合理灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai) 灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)水(shui)質要求:應符合NY 5116-2002的規定。灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)方法(fa):返青(qing)期保持(chi)淺水(shui)層,分(fen)蘗(bo)期濕潤(run)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai),苗數達到穗(sui)數的80%-90%時開始(shi)露(lu)田和曬田,采(cai)取多次輕曬,以控制無效分(fen)蘗(bo),促進根系下扎生(sheng)長和壯稈健株。穗(sui)分(fen)化(hua)后(hou)灌(guan)水(shui)并保持(chi)淺水(shui)層至(zhi)抽穗(sui)揚花(hua)期。灌(guan)漿成熟期間(jian)歇灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)、干濕交替。收獲前7天左右斷(duan)水(shui)。
3.4.有害(hai)(hai)生物控(kong)治(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術 農業防治(zhi)(zhi):選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗性強的(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)。品種(zhong)定(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輪(lun)(lun)換,保持品種(zhong)抗性,減輕病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)合(he)理(li)耕作(zuo)制(zhi)度、輪(lun)(lun)作(zuo)換茬、種(zhong)養(yang)(稻(dao)(dao)鴨(ya)、稻(dao)(dao)魚、稻(dao)(dao)蟹(xie)等(deng))結(jie)合(he)、健身栽(zai)培等(deng)農藝措施(shi),減少有害(hai)(hai)生物的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生。生物防治(zhi)(zhi):通過(guo)選擇(ze)對(dui)天(tian)敵殺(sha)(sha)傷(shang)力小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)、低毒性代學農藥(yao),避開自(zi)(zi)然(ran)天(tian)敵對(dui)農藥(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)敏感時期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),創造(zao)適宜自(zi)(zi)然(ran)天(tian)敵繁殖的(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境等(deng)措施(shi),保持天(tian)敵;利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)及釋(shi)放天(tian)敵控(kong)制(zhi)有害(hai)(hai)生物的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生。物理(li)防治(zhi)(zhi):采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)黑光燈(deng)(deng)、震頻式殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)燈(deng)(deng)、色(se)光板等(deng)物理(li)裝置誘(you)殺(sha)(sha)鱗翅(chi)(chi)目、同(tong)翅(chi)(chi)目害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)。藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)防治(zhi)(zhi)(病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai)):稻(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15790的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding),當(dang)稻(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)團(tuan)出(chu)現時,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)三環(huan)唑(zuo)20g-25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)稻(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)靈(ling)28g-40g噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防治(zhi)(zhi)。稻(dao)(dao)紋枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15791的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding),在(zai)(zai)水稻(dao)(dao)分蘗至孕(yun)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、抽穗(sui)(sui)(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),當(dang)分蘗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)叢發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)率在(zai)(zai)15%~20%、孕(yun)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)30%以(yi)上(shang)(shang)時,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)井崗霉(mei)素(su)10g-12.5g加(jia)水50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)1-2次,低于(yu)(yu)此指標(biao)可以(yi)不施(shi)農藥(yao)。白(bai)(bai)葉(xie)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)白(bai)(bai)葉(xie)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)常發(fa)區,于(yu)(yu)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)葉(xie)枯(ku)唑(zuo)30g-40g加(jia)水50 kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)防治(zhi)(zhi);尤(you)其在(zai)(zai)大風、暴(bao)雨、洪(hong)澇等(deng)災害(hai)(hai)之后,水稻(dao)(dao)葉(xie)片受到(dao)損傷(shang),應(ying)及時噴(pen)施(shi)上(shang)(shang)述藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji),防止病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)情暴(bao)發(fa)。惡苗(miao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗二硫氰基甲烷或(huo)(huo)(huo)咪鮮胺溶液(ye)浸(jin)種(zhong)。稻(dao)(dao)曲(qu)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)孕(yun)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)中(zhong)、后期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)井崗霉(mei)素(su)10g-12.5g兌(dui)水50 kg對(dui)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)部(bu)進行噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)。藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)防治(zhi)(zhi)(蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)):二化(hua)(hua)螟(ming)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15792及NY/T 59的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding),在(zai)(zai)稻(dao)(dao)苗(miao)枯(ku)鞘高峰期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)36g-45g或(huo)(huo)(huo)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)單45g-55g或(huo)(huo)(huo)三唑(zuo)磷20g兌(dui)水50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu),但蠶桑(sang)養(yang)殖地區不宜使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)、殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)單。三化(hua)(hua)螟(ming)根據(ju)(ju)(ju)蟲(chong)(chong)情預報,掌(zhang)握在(zai)(zai)螟(ming)卵(luan)(luan)孵(fu)化(hua)(hua)初盛(sheng)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)(mei)(mei)667 平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)卵(luan)(luan)塊發(fa)生量(liang)(liang)在(zai)(zai)50塊以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)塊進行藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)防治(zhi)(zhi),藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)種(zhong)類同(tong)二化(hua)(hua)螟(ming)。稻(dao)(dao)飛虱(shi)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15794的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding),當(dang)百叢蟲(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)達(da)1500頭(tou)(tou)(tou)-2000頭(tou)(tou)(tou),每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)噻嗪酮7g-10g或(huo)(huo)(huo)吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)啉1.5g-2g兌(dui)水50 kg,針對(dui)稻(dao)(dao)株中(zhong)下部(bu)噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)。稻(dao)(dao)縱卷葉(xie)螟(ming)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)(ju)(ju)GB/T 15793的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding),掌(zhang)握在(zai)(zai)主害(hai)(hai)代1、2齡(ling)幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)盛(sheng)發(fa)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(稻(dao)(dao)葉(xie)初卷期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi))。當(dang)分蘗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)百叢幼(you)蟲(chong)(chong)65頭(tou)(tou)(tou)-85頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、孕(yun)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)40頭(tou)(tou)(tou)-60頭(tou)(tou)(tou)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)時,進行藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)防治(zhi)(zhi),藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)、殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)單;此外,也可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)毒死蜱32g-40g兌(dui)水50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)稻(dao)(dao)株中(zhong)、上(shang)(shang)部(bu)。稻(dao)(dao)薊馬(ma)在(zai)(zai)苗(miao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)現葉(xie)尖卷曲(qu)率在(zai)(zai)10%以(yi)上(shang)(shang)、百株蟲(chong)(chong)量(liang)(liang)300頭(tou)(tou)(tou)-500頭(tou)(tou)(tou)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)時,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙(shuang)27g-36g或(huo)(huo)(huo)丁(ding)硫克百威或(huo)(huo)(huo)吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)啉1.5g-2g兌(dui)水50kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)。雜草(cao)防治(zhi)(zhi):秧田(tian)雜草(cao)于(yu)(yu)播種(zhong)后0-10d,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)草(cao)丹乳油100g-125g、禾草(cao)敵乳油96g-140g或(huo)(huo)(huo)丁(ding)草(cao)胺30g或(huo)(huo)(huo)芐(xia)嘧磺隆1.5g-2g兌(dui)水30kg噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu)。移(yi)栽(zai)前雜草(cao)在(zai)(zai)移(yi)栽(zai)前2d-10d,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)百草(cao)枯(ku)20g-40g兌(dui)水50kg細噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)(wu),殺(sha)(sha)滅田(tian)間(jian)雜草(cao)。本田(tian)雜草(cao)于(yu)(yu)移(yi)栽(zai)后5d-10d,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)禾草(cao)丹乳油100g-125g或(huo)(huo)(huo)吡(bi)嘧磺隆6.25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)田(tian)草(cao)光(芐(xia)嘧磺隆與丁(ding)草(cao)胺復配劑(ji)(ji))25g-30g拌化(hua)(hua)肥或(huo)(huo)(huo)細泥土30kg撒(sa)施(shi)。
4.產品收獲:實行無公(gong)害稻(dao)谷與(yu)普通稻(dao)谷分(fen)收、分(fen)曬。禁止在公(gong)路、瀝青路面及粉塵污染嚴重的地(di)方脫粒、曬谷。
5.生產(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄:對嘉蔭水稻生產(chan)(chan)的全過程(cheng),要(yao)建立(li)田間生產(chan)(chan)技術檔案(an),全面記(ji)載(zai),以備查閱(yue)。
六.包裝標識相關規(gui)定
嘉(jia)蔭(yin)水稻收(shou)獲后,脫粒進行包(bao)裝,在運(yun)(yun)輸過程(cheng)中:運(yun)(yun)輸工(gong)具應清(qing)潔、干燥(zao)、有(you)防(fang)雨設施(shi)。嚴禁(jin)(jin)與(yu)有(you)毒(du)、有(you)害(hai)、有(you)腐(fu)蝕性、有(you)異味的物(wu)品(pin)混運(yun)(yun)。在避(bi)光、常(chang)溫、干燥(zao)和(he)(he)有(you)防(fang)潮設施(shi)的地方貯藏。貯藏設施(shi)應清(qing)潔、干燥(zao)、通風(feng)、無(wu)蟲害(hai)和(he)(he)鼠害(hai)。嚴禁(jin)(jin)與(yu)有(you)毒(du)、有(you)害(hai)、有(you)腐(fu)蝕性、易發霉、發潮、有(you)異味的物(wu)品(pin)混存。產(chan)品(pin)使(shi)用“嘉(jia)蔭(yin)水稻”農產(chan)品(pin)地理標志。