芒果视频下载

平(ping)利絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍，葫蘆科絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍屬植物(wu)。中藥材(cai)品(pin)(pin)種，陜西省平(ping)利縣(xian)特(te)產(chan)，中國國家地理標志產(chan)品(pin)(pin)。平(ping)利是(shi)(shi)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍的(de)(de)自然分布分化(hua)中心(xin)，有(you)“絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍故鄉”之稱，獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)區域小(xiao)生態(tai)環境十分適(shi)宜絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍的(de)(de)生長發育，是(shi)(shi)中國開發最早、規模最大(da)的(de)(de)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍人工栽培基地縣(xian)、國家絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍標準(zhun)化(hua)示范區。平(ping)利縣(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)藍產(chan)品(pin)(pin)以純天然、無(wu)公害和富含微量元素(su)走俏日本、北京、廣州等(deng)市(shi)場(chang)。

種植條件

絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)被醫學界(jie)譽為(wei)東方神草(cao)、人間(jian)福(fu)音草(cao)，但其對(dui)土壤(rang)、氣(qi)(qi)候等條件要求較高，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)除福(fu)建、湖北、云南、四川等省有少量(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植外，地處北亞熱帶濕(shi)潤季風氣(qi)(qi)候區(qu)的平利縣(xian)，由(you)于(yu)雨(yu)量(liang)充沛，氣(qi)(qi)候溫和(he)，日(ri)照充足(zu)，無(wu)霜期時間(jian)長，土壤(rang)有害物(wu)質含量(liang)低，成為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)內生態型藥用植物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植示范基地的最佳區(qu)域(yu)。據(ju)統計，2007年，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)內絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)人工種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積約(yue)7萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，陜(shan)西(xi)省只有安康市發展絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)產(chan)業，全市種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積2．8萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，平利占了(le)2萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積和(he)原(yuan)料(liao)產(chan)量(liang)占全中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)的35%以上(shang)，苦味絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)屬中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)獨有品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，選(xuan)育的絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有效物(wu)質含量(liang)比其他品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)區(qu)域(yu)高5個百分點，處于(yu)國(guo)(guo)際領先水平。平利縣(xian)是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)的自然(ran)分布分化中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心，在世界(jie)上(shang)已發現的16種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)藍(lan)屬植物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，該縣(xian)就(jiu)占了(le)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其皂甙(dai)含量(liang)高達12.2%，理(li)化指標位居榜首。

生產情況

安(an)康(kang)(kang)自(zi)古以來就(jiu)盛產(chan)(chan)(chan)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)，歷史上(shang)(shang)被稱為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)之(zhi)鄉”。《唐書·地(di)(di)理志》就(jiu)有(you)(you)金(jin)(jin)州(zhou)杜(du)仲、秦艽、黃(huang)(huang)柏(bo)等(deng)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)作(zuo)為(wei)“貢品(pin)(pin)”的(de)(de)記載(zai)。鎮坪的(de)(de)黃(huang)(huang)連、紫陽的(de)(de)厚樸(pu)、嵐皋(gao)的(de)(de)杜(du)仲、平(ping)(ping)利(li)的(de)(de)八仙黨參等(deng)地(di)(di)道中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)聞名遐邇。200多年(nian)前這里就(jiu)是“山(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)過半，藥(yao)商絡(luo)(luo)繹(yi)不絕”。據中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)資源普查，全(quan)市(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)(cao)藥(yao)種(zhong)類(lei)1299種(zhong)，總數占(zhan)全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)53%以上(shang)(shang)。屬于2000年(nian)版(ban)《中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)藥(yao)典(dian)》收載(zai)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)材(cai)(cai)290種(zhong)，占(zhan)《藥(yao)典(dian)》中(zhong)(zhong)藥(yao)總數的(de)(de)68.4%。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)、葛根、黃(huang)(huang)姜、黃(huang)(huang)連、當歸、杜(du)仲、淫羊藿、葉(xie)下(xia)珠、黃(huang)(huang)柏(bo)、厚樸(pu)、麝香(xiang)、蜈蚣(gong)、熊膽、桔梗、秦巴硒菇、玄參、獨活、云木香(xiang)、川(chuan)牛膝、豬苓(ling)、魔芋（藥(yao)食兩用）等(deng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)居全(quan)省(sheng)(sheng)首(shou)位。自(zi)20世紀70年(nian)代初開始，平(ping)(ping)利(li)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)著(zhu)手(shou)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)系統研究開發(fa)工(gong)作(zuo)，先(xian)后(hou)攻克了(le)(le)野生馴化(hua)(hua)、無(wu)性快速(su)繁(fan)殖、病蟲害(hai)防治(zhi)和(he)(he)科(ke)學采(cai)收等(deng)一系列(lie)(lie)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)難題(ti)，研制出(chu)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)茶、飲料、藥(yao)品(pin)(pin)等(deng)系列(lie)(lie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)，隨著(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)加入(ru)WTO，為(wei)讓絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)打入(ru)國(guo)(guo)際市(shi)場(chang)，平(ping)(ping)利(li)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)加快了(le)(le)建(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)第(di)一縣(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)步伐，成立(li)(li)了(le)(le)由縣(xian)(xian)(xian)長掛帥(shuai)的(de)(de)領導(dao)小組，采(cai)取公(gong)司(si)+基(ji)地(di)(di)+農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)模式(shi)，吸引安(an)康(kang)(kang)正大和(he)(he)北醫大制藥(yao)有(you)(you)限(xian)公(gong)司(si)投資500余萬(wan)元(yuan)，在城關、長安(an)兩鎮建(jian)設(she)GAP藥(yao)源基(ji)地(di)(di)，扶(fu)持(chi)組建(jian)了(le)(le)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)盛、五和(he)(he)、國(guo)(guo)彩等(deng)3個絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)龍頭(tou)企業和(he)(he)25個加工(gong)企業，實(shi)(shi)行(xing)訂(ding)單(dan)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)，建(jian)成2萬(wan)畝國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)示(shi)范基(ji)地(di)(di)。同時，建(jian)立(li)(li)完善了(le)(le)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)研究、技術(shu)(shu)(shu)推廣(guang)和(he)(he)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)監測三(san)大體系，成立(li)(li)了(le)(le)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)研究課題(ti)組，形成了(le)(le)以縣(xian)(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)中(zhong)(zhong)心為(wei)龍頭(tou)，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、鎮、村三(san)級(ji)為(wei)紐帶的(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)推廣(guang)網(wang)絡(luo)(luo)，培(pei)(pei)育出(chu)11個新(xin)品(pin)(pin)系，起草(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)系列(lie)(lie)7項(xiang)(xiang)標(biao)準(zhun)被發(fa)布(bu)為(wei)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)地(di)(di)方標(biao)準(zhun)，填補了(le)(le)陜西省(sheng)(sheng)執行(xing)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)空白，成為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)發(fa)布(bu)的(de)(de)第(di)一項(xiang)(xiang)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)地(di)(di)方標(biao)準(zhun)。此(ci)外，他們實(shi)(shi)行(xing)政策傾(qing)斜(xie)，累計投入(ru)700多萬(wan)元(yuan)扶(fu)持(chi)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)發(fa)展(zhan)，召開現場(chang)會(hui)、培(pei)(pei)訓會(hui)200余場(chang)次，培(pei)(pei)訓技術(shu)(shu)(shu)骨干、示(shi)范大戶(hu)10000多人(ren)(ren)次，印(yin)發(fa)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)資料20000余份，標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)種(zhong)植普及率達(da)95%以上(shang)(shang)，創造出(chu)畝產(chan)(chan)(chan)鮮草(cao)(cao)5000公(gong)斤的(de)(de)奇跡。2005年(nian)6月，“國(guo)(guo)家專利(li)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業化(hua)(hua)工(gong)程”試點基(ji)地(di)(di)項(xiang)(xiang)目在陜西平(ping)(ping)利(li)正式(shi)啟動，平(ping)(ping)利(li)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業基(ji)地(di)(di)成為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)十(shi)大基(ji)地(di)(di)之(zhi)一，該(gai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)連獲(huo)三(san)項(xiang)(xiang)殊(shu)榮：絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)(hua)示(shi)范區通(tong)過國(guo)(guo)家驗收；有(you)(you)機絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)茶獲(huo)國(guo)(guo)家認(ren)證；絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)成為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家原產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)域保護產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)。絞(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)股(gu)(gu)(gu)藍(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)以純天然、無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)和(he)(he)富(fu)含微量(liang)(liang)元(yuan)素走(zou)俏(qiao)日本、北京、廣(guang)州(zhou)等(deng)市(shi)場(chang)，年(nian)銷(xiao)售量(liang)(liang)達(da)500噸(dun)，實(shi)(shi)現產(chan)(chan)(chan)值4000余萬(wan)元(yuan)，僅(jin)此(ci)一項(xiang)(xiang)可為(wei)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)民年(nian)人(ren)(ren)均(jun)增(zeng)收170元(yuan)，成為(wei)促農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)增(zeng)收的(de)(de)新(xin)亮點，先(xian)后(hou)獲(huo)得曼谷中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)優質(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)及科(ke)技成果設(she)備展(zhan)覽會(hui)銀獎(jiang)、陜西省(sheng)(sheng)第(di)三(san)屆技術(shu)(shu)(shu)成果交(jiao)易洽談會(hui)金(jin)(jin)獎(jiang)、首(shou)屆中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)楊陵農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)科(ke)城技術(shu)(shu)(shu)成果博覽會(hui)金(jin)(jin)像獎(jiang)。