(一)氣(qi)候(hou)極(ji)佳。石泉(quan)(quan)桑(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)繭保護區域屬于亞熱帶季風濕(shi)(shi)潤氣(qi)候(hou),年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均日照(zhao)時(shi)數1811.6h;年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)14.6℃,≥10℃的積溫(wen)為(wei)4527℃,無霜期(qi)(qi)(qi)平(ping)(ping)均242d,年(nian)(nian)均地面溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)17.7℃;年(nian)(nian)降水雨量877.1~1000mm,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均相(xiang)對濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)74%。桑(sang)(sang)樹(shu)生長適(shi)宜溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)10-35℃,石泉(quan)(quan)在(zai)3-10月(yue)桑(sang)(sang)樹(shu)生長期(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian)月(yue)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)19.2℃;蠶(can)(can)(can)兒生長發育適(shi)宜溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)20-30℃,石泉(quan)(quan)在(zai)5-10月(yue)養(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)期(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian)月(yue)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)21.4℃;蠶(can)(can)(can)兒營(ying)繭相(xiang)對濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)60-75%,石泉(quan)(quan)在(zai)5-10月(yue)養(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)上蔟營(ying)繭期(qi)(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian)月(yue)平(ping)(ping)均相(xiang)對濕(shi)(shi)度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)74.5%,氣(qi)候(hou)條件(jian)非常適(shi)宜興桑(sang)(sang)養(yang)(yang)蠶(can)(can)(can)。
(二)土(tu)壤適宜。石泉桑(sang)蠶繭保護區域分布在(zai)海拔333~800m之間(jian)(jian)的淺(qian)山(shan)丘(qiu)陵,山(shan)地面(mian)積占87.6%;土(tu)壤類型中(zhong)黃(huang)棕壤占94%;土(tu)壤PH值一般在(zai)5.5~7.5之間(jian)(jian),桑(sang)樹生長PH值為4.5-9,最適宜PH值是6.8-7.2之間(jian)(jian)的中(zhong)性(xing)土(tu)壤,石泉桑(sang)園(yuan)平均(jun)PH值6.8;桑(sang)園(yuan)土(tu)壤中(zhong)平均(jun)含(han)有機質19.6 g/kg、全(quan)氮(dan)1.3g/kg、堿解氮(dan)92㎎/kg、有機磷11.9㎎/kg、速效鉀76㎎/kg,富含(han)硼、鐵、錳、銅、鋅、硫(liu)等元素,保障了(le)桑(sang)葉(xie)營養(yang)豐富和單(dan)位(wei)面(mian)積產葉(xie)量,蠶兒吃了(le)優質桑(sang)葉(xie),轉化(hua)絲蛋白多,從而繭層厚實,粒繭絲長。
(三)位置獨(du)特(te)。石泉(quan)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)繭保護區(qu)域(yu)屬長江(jiang)支流漢江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)系(xi),水(shui)(shui)資源極為(wei)(wei)豐富(fu);河(he)流地表水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質總體保持(chi)在地表水(shui)(shui)Ⅱ類標準以內(nei);保護地域(yu)85%的區(qu)域(yu)屬富(fu)水(shui)(shui)區(qu),且水(shui)(shui)埋(mai)深2.5m左(zuo)右,土(tu)壤水(shui)(shui)位和含水(shui)(shui)量利于桑(sang)樹根系(xi)吸收生(sheng)長。森林覆蓋(gai)率(lv)78.8%;無工業“三廢(fei)”污染,山清水(shui)(shui)秀(xiu)、空氣清新,有利于桑(sang)樹和蠶(can)(can)兒(er)生(sheng)長發育。為(wei)(wei)桑(sang)蠶(can)(can)繭生(sheng)產(chan)提供(gong)了(le)極佳的環(huan)境(jing)條件。
石(shi)泉桑蠶繭(jian)保護區(qu)(qu)位于陜西省安康(kang)市石(shi)泉縣,涉及池(chi)河(he)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、中(zhong)池(chi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、迎豐(feng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、兩河(he)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、饒峰鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、城關鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、云霧山鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、熨斗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、喜河(he)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、后柳(liu)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、曾(ceng)溪鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)等11個(ge)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)的150個(ge)行政村及農村社區(qu)(qu),地理坐標為東(dong)經108°01′8″~108°28′42″,北緯(wei)32°45′57″~33°19′56″,東(dong)到(dao)(dao)迎豐(feng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)新(xin)莊村,南到(dao)(dao)熨斗鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)劉(liu)家灣村,西到(dao)(dao)曾(ceng)溪鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)高坎村,北到(dao)(dao)兩河(he)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)共和村;保護桑園面積6667公頃,年養蠶80000張,年產鮮蠶繭(jian)0.34萬噸。
外(wai)在感官特征。橢圓勻稱,繭色潔白(bai),繭衣(yi)蓬松,繭層厚實,上繭率高。
內在品質指標。①萬米吊糙≤3次;②潔凈≥94分;③毛繭出絲率(lv)≥30%;④解(jie)舒絲長(chang)≥600m。
質量(liang)安(an)全規定。石泉(quan)桑(sang)蠶繭的產(chan)地環境、產(chan)品質量(liang)符合國家(jia)相關強制性技術規范(fan)要求(qiu),遵照DB61/T338.1~11-2007《陜西省蠶桑(sang)地方質量(liang)標準》和DB6109/T270.1~13-2017《安(an)康市(shi)地方標準規范(fan)》。