蓄電池充電，蓄電池充電器

出現(xian)下列情況之一時應進行充電(dian)(dian)：電(dian)(dian)解液比(bi)重(zhong)降至1.2以下；冬季放電(dian)(dian)超(chao)過25%；夏季放電(dian)(dian)超(chao)過50%；燈光暗淡(dan)；啟動無(wu)力。

有(you)的車(che)主認為，快速充(chong)電可以(yi)節(jie)省時間，只需要3-5個小時。其實不然，快速充(chong)電只是(shi)迅速把(ba)電池表(biao)面(mian)激活(huo)，而實際上電池內部是(shi)沒有(you) 完(wan)全充(chong)滿電的。

除了快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之外，還有(you)一(yi)(yi)種為慢(man)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)為10-15個(ge)小時(shi)(shi)(shi)，那些(xie)深虧(kui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)就必須進(jin)行(xing)慢(man)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，否則充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)夠(gou)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量不(bu)(bu)足 ，會直接影(ying)響到汽車(che)的行(xing)駛性能(neng)。雖說充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是個(ge)相當(dang)簡(jian)單的操作，但也有(you)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)注意事項：1、向(xiang)鉛酸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，要穿上保護衣(yi)。2、充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)， 蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)附近(jin)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)有(you)火花(hua)，禁止抽煙。3、對(dui)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)或對(dui)多個(ge)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)并(bing)聯充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不(bu)(bu)要超過16V。

蓄電池充電誤區

新蓄電池不進行初充電

蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)首次充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)稱為初(chu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，初(chu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)對蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)容量有(you)很大的(de)(de)影響(xiang)。若充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不足，則蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)容量不高，使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)也短；若充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過量，則蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣性能雖然好，但也會(hui)縮短它的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)，所以新(xin)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)要小心謹慎地(di)進(jin)行初(chu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。對于(yu)普通蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在使用(yong)(yong)前一定(ding)要按充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)規(gui)范(fan)進(jin)行初(chu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。對于(yu)干荷(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鉛(qian)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，按使用(yong)(yong)說(shuo)明書，雖然在規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)兩年儲存期內(nei)若需使用(yong)(yong)，只要加入規(gui)定(ding)密度的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)擱置15min，不需要充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)即可投入使用(yong)(yong)。但是，如果儲存期超過兩年，由于(yu)極板(ban)上有(you)部分(fen)氧化(hua)，為了提高其電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)容量，使用(yong)(yong)前應進(jin)行補充(chong)(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)5h-8h后再(zai)用(yong)(yong)。

蓄電池不進行補充充電

有(you)些駕駛(shi)員常忽(hu)視對(dui)在(zai)用(yong)車(che)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的補(bu)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)。由于(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)車(che)上充(chong)電(dian)不徹(che)底，易造成極(ji)板(ban)(ban)硫化；同(tong)時(shi)，在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)中充(chong)、放電(dian)的電(dian)量(liang)(liang)是不平衡(heng)的，倘若放電(dian)大于(yu)充(chong)電(dian)而使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)長(chang)期處于(yu)虧電(dian)狀(zhuang)態，蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)極(ji)板(ban)(ban)就會慢(man)(man)(man)慢(man)(man)(man)硫化。這種慢(man)(man)(man)性硫化，會使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)荷容(rong)量(liang)(liang)不斷(duan)降(jiang)低(di)，直到(dao)起動無(wu)力，大大縮短蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的使(shi)用(yong)壽命。為(wei)使(shi)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)極(ji)板(ban)(ban)上的活性物質及時(shi)得(de)到(dao)還原，減少極(ji)板(ban)(ban)硫化，提高蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)電(dian)荷容(rong)量(liang)(liang)，延(yan)長(chang)其使(shi)用(yong)壽命，對(dui)在(zai)用(yong)車(che)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)應定期進行補(bu)充(chong)充(chong)電(dian)。

蓄電池過充電

蓄電池經常(chang)過量(liang)充電，即使充電電流(liu)不大，但電解液長(chang)時間“沸(fei)騰(teng)”，除(chu)了(le)活性物(wu)質(zhi)表面的細小顆粒易(yi)于脫落外，還會使柵架(jia)過分(fen)氧化，造成活性物(wu)質(zhi)與柵架(jia)松(song)散剝離。

充電時極性充反

由于蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)正負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)料不同，除了活性(xing)(xing)(xing)物質外，負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)還添(tian)加了硫酸(suan)鋇、腐殖酸(suan)、炭黑和松(song)香等(deng)材(cai)料，用(yong)來防止負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)收縮和氧化(hua)。另外，每個(ge)單格蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)數(shu)又(you)總(zong)是(shi)比正極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)數(shu)多一片，而且負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)比正極(ji)(ji)(ji)板(ban)(ban)略薄。當進行(xing)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)初充電(dian)(dian)或補充充電(dian)(dian)時，若不注(zhu)(zhu)意極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，會使蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充反(fan)，使正、負(fu)極(ji)(ji)(ji)幾乎都變成(cheng)粗晶粒的(de)(de)PbSO4，造成(cheng)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)荷容(rong)量不足(zu)，不能正常(chang)工作，甚至導致蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)報廢。因此(ci)，充電(dian)(dian)時一定要(yao)注(zhu)(zhu)意極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，切不可極(ji)(ji)(ji)性(xing)(xing)(xing)充反(fan)。

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