天(tian)津(jin)(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)在(zai)地原為天(tian)津(jin)(jin)鹽(yan)商張霖瑩的(de)(de)(de)思源莊。1907年(nian)(清光緒三(san)十三(san)年(nian)),中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)建成,該公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)北(bei)起大(da)經路(lu)(今(jin)河北(bei)區中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)路(lu)),南至(zhi)(zhi)金鐘(zhong)河(現今(jin)已被(bei)填(tian)平),東臨昆緯路(lu),西(xi)靠(kao)近北(bei)洋造幣總廠(chang),共占(zhan)地90余畝,初名(ming)“勸業會場(chang)”。1912年(nian)(民(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)元年(nian))更名(ming)為“天(tian)津(jin)(jin)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,不久又稱(cheng)為“河北(bei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。在(zai)北(bei)伐成功后,國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)政(zheng)府為紀(ji)念孫中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)先生而將公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)改稱(cheng)為現名(ming),并將原來公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)北(bei)邊的(de)(de)(de)大(da)經路(lu)改稱(cheng)為中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)路(lu)至(zhi)(zhi)今(jin)。1919年(nian)(民(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)8年(nian))6月9日(ri),天(tian)津(jin)(jin)各界人士在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)舉行大(da)會,聲援北(bei)京(jing)愛國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)學(xue)生的(de)(de)(de)五四運動,要求取消(xiao)喪(sang)權辱(ru)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)二(er)(er)十一(yi)條(tiao),和(he)拒絕在(zai)巴(ba)黎和(he)約上簽字。1936年(nian)(民(min)(min)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)25年(nian))天(tian)津(jin)(jin)被(bei)日(ri)本占(zhan)領,公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)又改稱(cheng)為“天(tian)津(jin)(jin)第(di)二(er)(er)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。中(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)人民(min)(min)共和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后恢復中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)名(ming)稱(cheng)。
天津中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)在早(zao)期建(jian)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)時,其(qi)面積(ji)比現(xian)(xian)在大接近3倍。在這個倘大的公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)里,設(she)計是以“西學東進(jin),中(zhong)西合(he)璧”為理念,將中(zhong)國傳統園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)藝(yi)術和(he)西方(fang)建(jian)筑形式結合(he)起來。公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以花園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)設(she)施為基礎。早(zao)期的天津中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)于公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)前門(men)(men)面臨大經(jing)路(即現(xian)(xian)今十月影院大門(men)(men)南食(shi)品街(jie)出口處),建(jian)立四(si)柱牌(pai)樓(lou),中(zhong)間(jian)橫匾寫(xie)有(you)(you)“勸業會(hui)場”四(si)字。大門(men)(men)內路面寬闊,兩側設(she)有(you)(you)店鋪。二門(men)(men)為過街(jie)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)樓(lou)(現(xian)(xian)今中(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)正門(men)(men)處),樓(lou)上鑲(xiang)嵌清朝國產自(zi)鳴鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),報時的時候(hou)方(fang)圓數里都可(ke)以聽到其(qi)鐘(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)聲。再進(jin)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內有(you)(you)小湖和(he)假(jia)山(shan)(shan),假(jia)山(shan)(shan)上矗立觀音(yin)雕像(xiang),手持寶(bao)瓶向下(xia)注水(shui),山(shan)(shan)下(xia)有(you)(you)水(shui)池承接,而池畔有(you)(you)可(ke)噴水(shui)的石雕小像(xiang)。園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內遍(bian)植花木,而羊腸小徑在花木中(zhong)穿(chuan)插。
日(ri)本侵(qin)華時期,天(tian)津(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)被日(ri)軍占據,并遭(zao)到嚴重(zhong)破壞。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)民共和(he)國成(cheng)立后公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)雖屢加修建,但己不復早年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)容貌。戰(zhan)后政府為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)該市(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國捐軀的(de)(de)(de)偉人(ren)烈(lie)士(shi)(shi),便在園(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)分別矗立“魏士(shi)(shi)毅女士(shi)(shi)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑”、“天(tian)津(jin)十五烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑”及“南(nan)皮張(zhang)氏兩烈(lie)女碑等”。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),建于1929年(nian)(nian)(nian)并于1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)復立于現中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)西側的(de)(de)(de)“魏士(shi)(shi)毅女士(shi)(shi)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑”和(he)建于1931年(nian)(nian)(nian)并于1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)復立于現中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)南(nan)側的(de)(de)(de)“天(tian)津(jin)十五烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑”目前(qian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)津(jin)市(shi)文(wen)物保護單位(wei),而中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)亦被國家(jia)定為(wei)(wei)(wei)“革(ge)命歷史(shi)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)地”。1996年(nian)(nian)(nian),為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山先(xian)(xian)生誕辰(chen)130周(zhou)年(nian)(nian)(nian),天(tian)津(jin)市(shi)河北區人(ren)民政府在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)矗立孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山塑像(xiang)和(he)紀(ji)(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑,碑陽為(wei)(wei)(wei)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)記》,紀(ji)(ji)錄公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)沿革(ge);碑陰為(wei)(wei)(wei)《孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山演講辭》,紀(ji)(ji)錄孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山先(xian)(xian)生當年(nian)(nian)(nian)在公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)演說。
公園初(chu)建(jian)時規模宏大,入(ru)門處(chu)有(you)觀世音雕(diao)像。門樓上(shang)裝國產報時自鳴鐘,報時之聲傳(chuan)及(ji)數(shu)里(li)。園內有(you)藝圃亭臺、土石(shi)假(jia)山,還有(you)禽獸動物。并設有(you)圖書(shu)館(guan)、工商品陳列所、美(mei)術館(guan)等。
天津中(zhong)山(shan)公園(yuan)是(shi)由中(zhong)國人(ren)設計和(he)建造的公共園(yuan)林。初名勸業會(hui)場,在設計上(shang)將中(zhong)國傳統造園(yuan)藝(yi)術與西方(fang)建筑形式有(you)機結合,有(you)花園(yuan),又(you)有(you)公共設施,既是(shi)娛樂去處,又(you)是(shi)公共活動場所。
天津十五烈士紀念碑
天津十五烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)紀念(nian)碑(bei)位于現中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公園(yuan)南側,它(ta)銘刻著大革命時期(qi)犧牲的(de)(de)(de)十五位英烈(lie)的(de)(de)(de)光輝事跡,記(ji)載了(le)第(di)一(yi)次國共合作(zuo)時的(de)(de)(de)令人(ren)難忘的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)段歷史(shi)。 1931年(nian),天津各界人(ren)士(shi)(shi)為(wei)紀念(nian)他們,在中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公園(yuan)立(li)碑(bei)公祈。碑(bei)文中(zhong)(zhong)除記(ji)述十五烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)之外,另(ling)將新軍(jun)閥混戰時死(si)于1930年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)張志(zhi)全、王弢(tao)樓(lou)二人(ren)補(bu)入(ru),成為(wei)“十七(qi)烈(lie)士(shi)(shi)”。國民黨這樣做,不(bu)過是為(wei)了(le)欺騙人(ren)民美(mei)化自己罷了(le)。此碑(bei)“文革”中(zhong)(zhong)被遺棄,埋入(ru)地下(xia)。1984年(nian)天津市人(ren)民政府復立(li)此碑(bei),并列為(wei)區級重(zhong)點文物保護單(dan)位。后又被列入(ru)市級文物保護單(dan)位。
孫中山先生銅像
2006年11月8日孫(sun)中山(shan)先生(sheng)銅(tong)像落成(cheng),中山(shan)公園內占(zhan)地1100多平方米(mi)的(de)(de)花壇上(shang)立起一座(zuo)嶄新的(de)(de)孫(sun)中山(shan)全(quan)身銅(tong)像,黃楊簇擁,偉岸莊重。這是孫(sun)中山(shan)先生(sheng)的(de)(de)孫(sun)女、美籍華人孫(sun)穗芳博士捐建的(de)(de)。該銅(tong)像表現了1912年孫(sun)中山(shan)在(zai)原河(he)北公園演講(jiang)時(shi)的(de)(de)風采。銅(tong)像高2.2米(mi)、重兩噸,安裝在(zai)2.3米(mi)高的(de)(de)基(ji)座(zuo)上(shang)。銅(tong)像背(bei)面(mian)篆刻了孫(sun)中山(shan)當年的(de)(de)演講(jiang)全(quan)文。
地址:天津市河(he)北區(qu)中山(shan)路(lu)公園(yuan)路(lu)
開放時間:全天免(mian)費開放
乘(cheng)(cheng)車線路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu):可乘(cheng)(cheng)1路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、1路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)區(qu)間(jian)、12路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、12路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)小圈、27路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、27路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)小圈、609路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、619路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、641路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、646路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、670路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、670路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、671路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、803路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、818路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、869路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、901路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、903路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、908路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)等(deng)公交在(zai)宙緯路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)站下。