董(dong)家(jia)(jia)茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)白(bai)外形粗壯勻稱,表皮光滑潔白(bai),肉質(zhi)鮮嫩(nen)無渣(zha),微甜爽口清香。董(dong)家(jia)(jia)茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)白(bai)種植品種以‘龍(long)茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)2號’等雙季(ji)茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)為主,秋茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)采收期間選(xuan)種,選(xuan)擇(ze)茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)形好(hao)、孕茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)率高(gao)、孕茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)一致(zhi),肉色淡白(bai)柔(rou)嫩(nen),苔管(guan)短,茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)形肥(fei)大,整齊(qi)度好(hao),結茭(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)部位低的植株作為種墩。
董家茭白(bai)區域(yu)(yu)保護(hu)范圍為:東(dong)經120°26′09″~120°33′43″,北(bei)緯30°38′14″~30°47′48″,即浙江省桐鄉市烏鎮(zhen)鎮(zhen)所(suo)轄(xia)行政區域(yu)(yu),包括董家村(cun)(cun)(cun)、皂林村(cun)(cun)(cun)、南(nan)(nan)王村(cun)(cun)(cun)、金牛村(cun)(cun)(cun)、正福村(cun)(cun)(cun)、元(yuan)豐村(cun)(cun)(cun)、楊園村(cun)(cun)(cun)、翔厚村(cun)(cun)(cun)、單(dan)橋村(cun)(cun)(cun)、分(fen)水墩(dun)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、虹橋村(cun)(cun)(cun)、浮瀾(lan)橋村(cun)(cun)(cun)、橫(heng)港村(cun)(cun)(cun)、陳莊(zhuang)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、白(bai)馬墩(dun)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、西浜村(cun)(cun)(cun)、南(nan)(nan)莊(zhuang)橋村(cun)(cun)(cun)、碓坊(fang)橋村(cun)(cun)(cun)、陳家村(cun)(cun)(cun)、彭家村(cun)(cun)(cun)、雙塔村(cun)(cun)(cun)、顏家村(cun)(cun)(cun)、民合(he)村(cun)(cun)(cun)、五星村(cun)(cun)(cun)、浙月村(cun)(cun)(cun)、新翁村(cun)(cun)(cun),共26個行政村(cun)(cun)(cun)。現有種植面(mian)積867公(gong)頃,總(zong)產量50000余(yu)噸。保護(hu)區域(yu)(yu)面(mian)積5467公(gong)頃。
外形粗壯勻(yun)稱,表皮(pi)光滑潔白,肉質鮮(xian)嫩無渣,微甜爽口(kou)清香。
董家茭(jiao)(jiao)白種植(zhi)(zhi)品種以‘龍(long)茭(jiao)(jiao)2號’等雙季(ji)(ji)茭(jiao)(jiao)為主。秋(qiu)茭(jiao)(jiao)栽培選(xuan)種及(ji)育苗(miao)(miao)(miao)秋(qiu)茭(jiao)(jiao)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)期(qi)(qi)間選(xuan)種,選(xuan)擇茭(jiao)(jiao)形好(hao)、孕茭(jiao)(jiao)率高、孕茭(jiao)(jiao)一(yi)致,肉色淡白柔嫩,苔(tai)管(guan)短,茭(jiao)(jiao)形肥(fei)(fei)(fei)大,整(zheng)齊(qi)度(du)好(hao),結茭(jiao)(jiao)部位低的(de)(de)植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)作(zuo)為種墩(dun)(dun)。種墩(dun)(dun)分(fen)(fen)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)后(hou)(hou),采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)假(jia)植(zhi)(zhi)(寄(ji)秧(yang)(yang))方(fang)(fang)式育苗(miao)(miao)(miao),按假(jia)植(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)與(yu)大田(tian)1:10選(xuan)好(hao)留(liu)(liu)足寄(ji)秧(yang)(yang)田(tian),在(zai)3月(yue)底,按行株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)距80cm×30cm,將(jiang)選(xuan)留(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)茭(jiao)(jiao)秧(yang)(yang)假(jia)植(zhi)(zhi)到秧(yang)(yang)田(tian)。定植(zhi)(zhi)6月(yue)下(xia)旬(xun)(xun)~7月(yue)初選(xuan)擇陰天或傍晚(wan)定植(zhi)(zhi),定植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)割去(qu)上(shang)(shang)部茭(jiao)(jiao)葉,留(liu)(liu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)高35~40cm。起墩(dun)(dun)分(fen)(fen)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)時(shi)至少帶1個老苔(tai)管(guan),隨(sui)(sui)起隨(sui)(sui)種植(zhi)(zhi),定植(zhi)(zhi)行株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)距100cm×60cm。基肥(fei)(fei)(fei):每畝施(shi)(shi)(shi)腐熟(shu)有(you)機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)500~750kg。追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei):茭(jiao)(jiao)白大田(tian)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)掌(zhang)握“前(qian)(qian)重、中(zhong)(zhong)控(kong)、后(hou)(hou)促”的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)原(yuan)則,分(fen)(fen)別在(zai)返青期(qi)(qi)、分(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)期(qi)(qi)、孕茭(jiao)(jiao)初期(qi)(qi)各(ge)施(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)次(ci)。水(shui)位管(guan)理(li)(li)定植(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)先(xian)深水(shui)(15~20cm)促活(huo)苗(miao)(miao)(miao),后(hou)(hou)淺(qian)(qian)水(shui)促分(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo),分(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)期(qi)(qi)間結合(he)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)擱田(tian);高溫(wen)及(ji)孕茭(jiao)(jiao)期(qi)(qi)適當加深水(shui)位,采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)期(qi)(qi)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)淺(qian)(qian)水(shui)位。刪葉茭(jiao)(jiao)白進入分(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)后(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi),結合(he)耘(yun)田(tian),及(ji)時(shi)清除(chu)枯葉、黃葉、病(bing)(bing)葉及(ji)蟲(chong)卵葉。夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)定植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)10天放養浮萍(ping),要求(qiu)定植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)長(chang)滿田(tian)塊(kuai)(kuai)。夏(xia)茭(jiao)(jiao)為雙季(ji)(ji)茭(jiao)(jiao)白第二季(ji)(ji),秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)茭(jiao)(jiao)白采(cai)(cai)(cai)摘完(wan)成后(hou)(hou),12月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)旬(xun)(xun)將(jiang)越冬殘留(liu)(liu)茭(jiao)(jiao)白莖(jing)葉齊(qi)泥(ni)割平,清除(chu)雄茭(jiao)(jiao)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(墩(dun)(dun))及(ji)灰茭(jiao)(jiao)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),灌(guan)護根水(shui),保(bao)持(chi)(chi)田(tian)間濕潤不開(kai)裂(lie),防(fang)(fang)止種根受霜凍。設(she)施(shi)(shi)(shi)栽培夏(xia)茭(jiao)(jiao)應于(yu)12月(yue)下(xia)旬(xun)(xun)覆蓋棚膜(mo)與(yu)地膜(mo),至來年1月(yue)下(xia)旬(xun)(xun)或2月(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)(xun)揭地膜(mo),4月(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)(xun)揭去(qu)棚膜(mo)。膜(mo)內(nei)溫(wen)度(du)超過(guo)30℃應及(ji)時(shi)通風降溫(wen)。于(yu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)高20~30cm時(shi)定苗(miao)(miao)(miao),去(qu)除(chu)分(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)苗(miao)(miao)(miao),每墩(dun)(dun)留(liu)(liu)18~20株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)壯苗(miao)(miao)(miao)。4月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)旬(xun)(xun)開(kai)始耘(yun)田(tian);在(zai)茭(jiao)(jiao)墩(dun)(dun)中(zhong)(zhong)央放置土塊(kuai)(kuai),增加光照面(mian)積。在(zai)新苗(miao)(miao)(miao)露出水(shui)面(mian)時(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)“催苗(miao)(miao)(miao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)”;4月(yue)上(shang)(shang)旬(xun)(xun)施(shi)(shi)(shi)“促蘗(bo)(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)”;大田(tian)孕茭(jiao)(jiao)70%時(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)“孕茭(jiao)(jiao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)”,第一(yi)批采(cai)(cai)(cai)茭(jiao)(jiao)后(hou)(hou)補施(shi)(shi)(shi)1~2次(ci)追(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)。苗(miao)(miao)(miao)期(qi)(qi)至孕茭(jiao)(jiao)初期(qi)(qi)淺(qian)(qian)水(shui)位管(guan)理(li)(li),孕茭(jiao)(jiao)中(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)深水(shui)位。病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)堅持(chi)(chi)“預防(fang)(fang)為主,綜(zong)合(he)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)原(yuan)則,優先(xian)采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)農業防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)、物理(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)、生物防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)等方(fang)(fang)法。重點做好(hao)胡麻斑病(bing)(bing)、紋枯病(bing)(bing)、銹病(bing)(bing)、大螟、二化螟、長(chang)綠飛虱、蚜蟲(chong)等病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)工作(zuo)。植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)莖(jing)部顯(xian)著膨大,肉茭(jiao)(jiao)露白時(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)。根據(ju)客戶要求(qiu)包裝,規(gui)范使(shi)用(yong)標志標識。采(cai)(cai)(cai)收(shou)后(hou)(hou)茭(jiao)(jiao)白整(zheng)理(li)(li)包裝,可存放于(yu)專用(yong)冷庫(ku)保(bao)鮮,庫(ku)內(nei)溫(wen)度(du)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)在(zai)0℃~3℃。