冰柜是(shi)一種用(yong)于存儲(chu)各種需要冷凍的(de)食品專業儲(chu)藏(zang)工具,使食(shi)物(wu)或其他物(wu)品保持冷態的(de)小柜或小室,內有制(zhi)(zhi)冰(bing)機(ji)用(yong)以結冰(bing)的(de)柜或箱(xiang)帶有制(zhi)(zhi)冷裝置的(de)儲藏箱(xiang),被廣(guang)泛的(de)由于各個行業及家庭使(shi)用(yong)。冰(bing)柜制(zhi)(zhi)冷系統由4個基(ji)本部(bu)分(fen)即壓縮機、冷(leng)凝器、節(jie)流部(bu)件(jian)、蒸發器組成(cheng)。汽(qi)化(hua)(hua)(液體變成(cheng)汽(qi)體)是(shi)(shi)吸熱(re)量(liang);液化(hua)(hua)(汽(qi)變成(cheng)水)是(shi)(shi)放熱(re)量(liang),無(wu)論是(shi)(shi)冰(bing)箱還(huan)是(shi)(shi)空調(diao)都是(shi)(shi)一樣的工作原理如下:(低溫低壓)制冷劑(ji)(氣體)→壓縮機→(液(ye)化)液(ye)體的制冷劑(ji)(高(gao)溫高(gao)壓)→散熱器(冰箱的表面(mian)放熱量出去(qu))→液(ye)體的制冷劑(ji)(低溫高(gao)壓)→毛細管→冰箱內的蒸發(fa)器(繞(rao)在箱內壁的銅管(guan))氣化也就(jiu)(jiu)是吸熱→冰箱內的溫度(du)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)下降→(氣化)制冷(leng)劑(低溫低壓)→壓縮機。就(jiu)(jiu)這(zhe)樣從復循環的把箱內的熱量(liang)以制冷(leng)劑為(wei)價質往(wang)外搬。
冰柜的耗電量分為額定耗電量和實際耗電量。額定耗電量(liang)是在(zai)環境溫度25℃時,冰柜處于穩定運行狀態(冷藏室(shi)平均溫度5℃冷凍室(shi)最高溫度-18℃),運行24H所(suo)消耗的(de)電能。實(shi)際耗電量(liang)是指電冰箱(xiang)在(zai)實際(ji)使用中消(xiao)耗(hao)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)冰(bing)箱(xiang)(xiang)實際(ji)耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量有(you)(you)時高于額定(ding)(ding)耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量,有(you)(you)時低于額定(ding)(ding)耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量,實際(ji)耗(hao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量隨(sui)冰(bing)柜環(huan)境的(de)不同,儲存(cun)食(shi)物的(de)多少(shao),箱(xiang)(xiang)內控制(zhi)溫度的(de)高(gao)低(di)及開(kai)門次(ci)數(shu)多少和(he)時(shi)間長(chang)短而變(bian)化,環境溫度越(yue)(yue)高(gao),儲存的(de)(de)食(shi)物越(yue)(yue)多,箱(xiang)內控(kong)制的(de)(de)溫度越(yue)(yue)低(di),開(kai)門次(ci)數(shu)越(yue)(yue)多,每(mei)次(ci)開(kai)門時(shi)間越(yue)(yue)長(chang),電冰箱(xiang)的(de)(de)耗電量越(yue)(yue)大(da)。